Cervical Cancer Stages

Cervical cancer is when there are malignant cells present in the cervix; it is developed in the lining of the cervix. A cervix is a narrow opening located at the bottom of the uterus that leads into the vagina. Cervical cancer mostly affects women between the ages of 40 and 55. This cancer can be prevented by screening for precancerous cells, and it can also be cured if it is detected at an early stage. Over the past few decades the number of cervical cancer cases has declined dramatically due to a more widespread screening of the disease. Today, it is estimated that 10,000 new

Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program Journal of Women’s Health 20(10):1479-84 doi: 10.1089/jwh.2010.2530. Epub 2011 Jul 20

Cervical cancer is caused by the uncontrollable growth of cells in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. Some signs of cervical cancer are abnormal bleeding in the vagina (between menstrual cycles, after sex, and after menopause), pain in the lower belly, pain during sex, and abnormal vaginal discharge.

In Stage 0 there is an abnormal cell in the cervix which can become cancerous and can spread to other regions of the body.

The early stage (Stage 1) is non-invasive and not having penetrated the skin too deep. Stage 1 the tumours have invaded the skin but not too deep and grows at a slow rate. Stage 2 tumours are larger (over 1mm thick) and multiply at a rate of greater than 1/mm2; Stage 2 melanoma is called as intermediate melanoma. Stages 3 and 4 are more invasive and have spread deep down the skin and to other parts of the body. There are sub divisions along the various stages

Stage III: from when the tumor first appeared, has grown dramatically and continues to travel through the body.

There are usually no symptoms or signs of CIN, and the diagnosis is most often based on biopsy findings following an abnormal routine cervical cytology smear. Because high-grade dysplasia probably is a transitional phase in the pathogenesis of many cervical cancers, early detection is extremely important. Based on the American Cancer Society guidelines, which were last revised in 2002, all women who have reached age 21 years, or who are 3 years past coitarche, should have a pelvic examination and collection of a cytologic smear. The cervical cytology smear should be performed annually in case of conventional Papanicolaou (Pap) smears, and biannually if using liquid-based cytology. Once a patient is age 30 years or older and has had 3 consecutive

Cervical cancer is a typically slow-growing type of gynecologic carcinogenesis caused predominantly by persistent infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), most commonly the high-risk genotypes HPV-16 and HPV-18.3 Cervical cancer typically originates in the transformation zone of the cervix, where there is a junction of ectocervix and endocervix. The most common type of cervical carcinoma is squamous cell carcinoma and makes up 70-80% of cervical cancers. This type of cervical cancer occurs in the squamous cells of the ectocervix. The second most common type is an adenocarcinoma, occurring in glandular cells of the endocervix, and makes up 10-15% of cervical cancers. Cervical cancers can also be a mixture of dysplastic squamous cells and glandular cells; this type of carcinoma is termed adenosquamous carcinoma and makes up 1-2% of cervical cancers. The final type of cervical cancer is associated with HPV-6 rather than HPV-16 or HPV-18. It is termed verrucous squamous carcinoma and is very rare.5, 6

One of the most common signs for cervical cancer is abnormal bleeding or postcoital bleeding, which is abnormal bleeding after sexual intercourse caused by the irritation of the cervical cancer cells which bleed easily when touched. It is very important that if a woman notices any abnormal bleeding that they seek attention immediately before the cancer progresses into a worse stage. In more progressed cases of cervical cancer the

There are at least 30 different types of ovarian cancer, but they are grouped into three categories based on where they begin growing. Epithelial Ovarian Cancer, in which it is originated in the layer of cells that cover the ovary and the entire abdominal cavity, Germ Cell Ovarian Cancer, which begins in the egg-producing cells inside the ovaries, Sex Chord-Stromal Ovarian Cancer, which originates in the connective tissue of the ovaries. There are also stages of ovarian cancer. Stage 1 cancer is found in one or both ovaries, Stage 11 the cancer has spread to other parts of the pelvis, Stage 111 cancer has spread to the abdomen, and Stage1V the cancer is found outside the

In the early stages of cervical cancer women do not show any symptoms, there would be no way to know if you have cervical cancer unless you are being tested for it during you regular pap tests. Symptoms do not start showing up till the cancer has grown invasively on the cervix or uterus. Once the cancer has become invasive the symptoms are unusual vaginal discharge, light or spotting blood other than during the menstruation cycle, painful sexual intercourse, and post- menopausal vaginal

Cervical cancer malignant cancer of the cervix uteris or cervical area. It may present with vaginal bleeding but symptoms may be absent until the cancer is in its advanced stages, which has made cervical cancer the focus of intense screening efforts using the Pap smear. About 2.2 percent of women carry one of the 2 virus strains most likely to lead to cervical cancer. One of the symptoms of Cervical Cancer is very Unusual amount of discharge.

There are four stages of breast cancer. The Stage 0 is noninvasive breast cancer, that is, carcinoma in situ with no affected lymph nodes or metastasis. Stage zero is the most favorable. Now Stage 1 breast cancer is less than two centimeters in greatest dimension and is only in the breasts. In Stage 2, the cancer is no larger than two centimeters but it has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm. The

The cervical cancer starts in the cervix (the narrow opening into the uterus from the vagina) and it mainly occurs during the mid life and major number of women diagnosed with this are at the age between 35 and 55 years. It is a rare case that a woman nearly 20 years of age suffer from this cancer. It has been found out by the cervical cancer specialists that nearly 20 percent of diagnosed women are older than 65 years.

Cervical cancer is one type of cancer happening from the cervix due to abnormal growth of cells. There are many reasons to cause cervical cancer. One of them is that the abnormal cells from other parts of body are able to invade or spread to the cervix and cause the abnormal growth. Unfortunately, in early stage, typically no symptoms are seen, and later symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, or pain during sexual intercourse. What’s more, when bleeding after sex, it also may indicate the presence of cervical cancer.7