Chapter 65: Nursing Management: Arthritis and Connective Tissue Diseases
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which finding will the nurse expect when assessing a 58-year-old patient who has
osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee?
a. Discomfort with joint movement
b. Heberden’s and Bouchard’s nodes
c. Redness and swelling of the knee joint
d. Stiffness that increases with movement
ANS: A
Initial symptoms of OA include pain with joint movement. Heberden’s nodules occur on the fingers. Redness of the joint is more strongly associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Stiffness in OA is worse right after the patient rests and decreases with joint movement.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (comprehension)
REF: 1562
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC:
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Patients are taught to avoid stressing joints, to use warm baths to relieve stiffness, and to use a firm mattress. When stabilized, a therapeutic exercise program is usually developed by a physical therapist to include exercises that improve the flexibility and strength of the affected joints, and the patient’s overall endurance.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application)
REF:
1575
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
7. A patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complains to the clinic nurse about having
chronically dry eyes. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
a. Teach the patient about adverse effects of the RA medications.
b. Suggest that the patient use over-the-counter (OTC) artificial tears.
c. Reassure the patient that dry eyes are a common problem with RA.
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d. Ask the health care provider about discontinuing methotrexate (Rheumatrex) .
ANS: B
The patient’s dry eyes are consistent with Sjögren’s syndrome, a common extraarticular manifestation of RA. Symptomatic therapy such as OTC eye drops is recommended. Dry eyes are not a side effect of methotrexate. Although dry eyes are common in RA, it is more helpful to offer a suggestion to relieve these symptoms than to offer reassurance. The dry eyes are not caused by RA treatment, but by the disease itself.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application)
REF:
1590
TOP: Nursing
1882).According to Lewis et al., researchers have not identify a single cause of OA, however, there are few factors that contribute to the development (p. 1881). Some factors are estrogen reduction to menopause women, genetic factors, obesity, overuse of knees by persistent exercise, and aging. In my patient’s case, aging and obesity led her to have OA. Her BMI is 34.1 which fall into category of obesity (see
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. The prevalent population suffering from OA is the elderly, but it may afflict a person of any age, especially upon injury of the joint. This ailment will usually affect loan bearing joints such as the knee or hips, but it can affect any joint. OA is the breakdown of the protective cartilage within the joint, and the patient will suffer from pain, swelling and/or stiffness of the joint, and a decreased range of motion at the joint. These symptoms can have a debilitating effect on a patient by making menial tasks suck as walking, climbing stairs, or even rising out of bed or a chair difficult. Currently, there are various treatment options available for OA but no cure exists; therefore,
An injury when excessive force is applied to a joint can cause the cartilage to tear, most commonly in the knee. Obesity is a significant factor; it places extra weight on all weight-bearing joints making the joint more vulnerable to injury. For every extra pound, you gain it adds three pounds of pressure on you knees and six pounds on your hips (). Inactivity can lead to weight gain, and you will have weaker muscles which help keep joints properly aligned. Other diseases that may result in OA are septic arthritis, Paget disease of the bone, diabetes mellitus just to name a few. A person may also carry genes that place them at risk. Warning signs of OA include stiffness in joint after sitting for an extended period or we you get out of bed. Swelling and tenderness in one or more joints Symptoms of OA are worse with activity, there may even be a gritty feeling or noise when the joint moves called
Use special exercises, stretches, hands on therapy, and other equipment to try to lessen the pain of the patient.
Osteoarthritis is a very common joint disease. It is a kind of arthritis caused when tissue breaks down and pain is felt in joints. It mainly affects people over 40, and typically worsens with age. Although causes are somewhat unspecific, weight gain, injury, and genes can contribute. Some symptoms of Osteoarthritis are stiffness and/or tenderness in joints and visible deformities. There is no cure, but there are treatments that can help alleviate pain and cause temporary relief. The most important way to help manage Osteoarthritis is to be consistently physically active. Too much activity can be damaging, but moderate exercise is important. Other treatments include medication and surgery. Maintaining a healthy weight is a very important factor
Use exercises, stretching maneuvers, hands-on therapy, and equipment to ease patients’ pain, help them increase their mobility, prevent further pain or injury, and facilitate health and wellness
One of the most common arthritis, Osteoarthritis, a chronic condition related to deterioration of the joint cartilage, normally effects weight-bearing joints such as, (knees, feet, hips, lumbar vertebrae).Osteoarthritis, affecting more than 20 million people and is widespread in the united states more common towards females. Symptoms typically manifest its earliest in middle age and progress .Osteoarthritis related to aging (idiopathic) may be secondary to the wear and tear, as well as some abnormal initiating event (McCann, 2010). According to Ryan (2015), “There are currently around 8.5 million people with OA in the UK, three quarters of whom live in constant pain, and its prevalence is increasing as the population ages and obesity becomes
Soak Spiegel seeds in water, make a poultice and practice it on the joints for on the spot alleviation from agony.
Nevertheless, if the discomfort is power, lasted longer than traditional and occurs from time to time accompanied with swelling, rashes, stiffness in joints causing immobility, it's important that the root cause of these signs be identified. And that proper cure will also be
Arthritis is a disorder of joint inflammation, and the most common type of arthritis among US adults is osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease. The targeted anatomy can include the synovial membrane, joint capsule, periarticular muscle and ligament, periosteum and subchondral bone. The joints most commonly effected are the knees, hips, hands and spine, and the knee is the most prevalent joint afflicted by osteoarthritis. The prevalence of the disease was 21 million in 1995 and is 27 million in 2005 (9). The onset is typically insidious and occurs after the age of 40. The increasing prevalence is likely explained by an aging population and the disease’s later onset in life.
Then the treatment includes the manual adjustments of the affected joints of the patient’s body by applying some controlled force on the affected areas. The treatment may also include counseling the patient and letting him know the importance of nutritional diet so as to make sure that the patient takes only healthy and nutritious food and pays proper attention to exercising and performing yoga
Patient must not bend and squat. No crossing of legs and try not to sit for same position for over 40minutes. Any activity that may over flexed the hips must be avoided.
My daughter’s great-grandmother Gretel was diagnosed with Lung cancer in 2015. At the time of her diagnosis the oncologist found that the cancer metastasized to her Kidneys. Prior to her diagnosis, she visited her Primary care doctor regularly, and was for the most part a very cooperative patient. In December 2014, she went to a visit with her primary care Physician, she complained about back pain she was experiencing that was unrelieved with medication. The doctor prescribed her a much stronger medication and informed her that the pain was arthritis related. The physician did not order any tests to confirm or deny her theory; Gretel left the office that day with no answers but a new medication order. A few weeks later, Gretel went back to
Joint affliction reasons stiffness, soreness and irritation. The discomfort could become sore. An x-ray of the bones is in general instructed by means of the orthopaedic healthcare professional, if the discomfort is insufferable. Many a occasions, the suffering in the joints is brought about as a result of an contamination or discount inside the immunity phases of the body. Regardless of the age, joint affliction can be expert through each and every kids as good in view that the
Sometimes a person also feels running of excessive tears from the cheeks and cause confusion but in actual these are mostly water without having lubricating qualities or composition of normal tears. These tears cannot lubricate or coat the surface of eyes properly.