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Chester Irving Barnard : A Successful Corporation Executive And A Powerful Management Theorist

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Chester Irving Barnard was a successful corporation executive and a powerful management theorist who defined the nature of corporate structure. He was born in Maiden, Massachusetts in 1866, to humble origins as the son of a mechanic, and started his first job at the age of 12. He quit school early, working as a piano teacher, and he attended Mount Hermon School to prepare himself for Harvard College. After graduating, he took a job as a statistical clerk with the American Telephone and Telegraph Company in Boston, where he stayed for 39 years, from 1909 to 1948. Barnard’s first 13 years with the company were spent working as an expert on the economics of telephone rates (Bernard). By 1922, he began performing what he was later to call “executive services,” and by 1927, he had become the first president of New Jersey Bell Telephone. From 1931 to 1933, and again in 1935, Barnard served as state director of the New Jersey Relief Administration, an experience that allowed him to sample organization life outside of the Bell System (Bernard). In 1938, Barnard wrote a book called “The Functions of the Executive,” which has been described as the century 's influential book on corporate leadership. Barnard saw the three main functions of an executive to be: • Implementation and development of an effective system of communication • Appointment and retention of effective workers • Motivation of workers (Chester) Barnard believed that social science could be the key to establishing a

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