Cholelithiasis Research Paper

Treatments include Surgery and medications to dissolve the gallstones. Nearly all cholecystectomies are performed with laparoscopy. If tests show the gallbladder has severe inflammation, infection, or scarring from other operations, the surgeon may perform open surgery to remove the gallbladder. In some cases, open surgery is planned; however, sometimes these problems are discovered during the laparoscopy and the surgeon must make a larger incision. If gallstones

When I became sick I later found out it was due to gallbladder issues. I was having severe chest pains and I couldn’t keep any food down, not even crackers. I was never aware of the cause of this till I was hospitalized with the worst chest pain. I had over eight hours of chest pains

I knew the severe symptoms that I had were not characteristic of gallbladder disease. Particularly not in the beginning, when there was only a very small amount of gallbladder sludge. The very elevated liver enzymes I had were also a mystery because they also do not occur when there is gallbladder sludge alone. They can occur when there is sludge blocking a duct, but there never appeared to be any obstructed ducts in either of the ultrasounds I had during that

If lifestyle changers and therapies and other treatments don’t relive your signs and symptoms, surgery may be an option. Surgery options include the surgeon removing the damaged portion of your digestive tract and reconnect it, surgery is

Surgery. This is rarely needed, but it may be considered in adults who are done growing and continue to have symptoms.

If after eating fatty foods, you experience belly pain and/or nausea , you might have gall stones. If you want to avoid having gall stones (because it can further lead to colon cancer) you need to go on a gall stone diet.

Mr. Johnson’s reason for driving himself to the emergency room and the symptoms he is experiencing in conjunction with test, and lab results led me to this conclusion. Johnson noticed pain from his epigastric region, radiating to the right shoulder and scapular region. During his emergency room physical exam the physician noted, palpation of the epigastric region demonstrated tenderness with guarding, an above normal body temperature, increased blood pressure, as well as an increased heart rate. The increase in body temperature can be linked to a gallbladder infection. The pain Mr. Johnson is feeling radiating to the

You need to seek immediate care when you are experiencing so much pain you can't sit comfortable, skin is turning yellow, whitening of eyes, high fever, and chills. There are different types of gallstones and these types consist of cholesterol gallstones and pigment gallstones. Cholesterol gallstones are the most common type of gallstones. These gallstones contain mostly undissolved cholesterol and are yellow in color. Pigment gallstones are when your bile contain too much bilirubin and are either black or brown in color. The cause of gallstones are not yet completely found but doctors figure they are caused by either your bile containing to much cholesterol, bile containing to much bilirubin, or by your gallbladder not emptying correctly. Doctors can diagnose gallstones in many ways. Either through blood test, MRCP, HIDA scan, endoscopic ultrasound, and ERCP. Treatment for gallstones vary. It depends on how bad they are, and size. Most people get surgery to remove their gallstones because of the pain. There are two diffrent types of surgerys to remove gallstones and they are called Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and open

The removed gallbladder was placed in a 10% formalin solution, to uphold the integrity of the specimen. It was labeled with patient’s name, date of birth, medical record number, surgeon, healthcare facility, type of specimen and date and time of specimen collection. This data was verified by the same scrub and scout nurses, for consistency and in

A ganglion cyst is a noncancerous, fluid-filled lump that occurs near joints or tendons. The ganglion cyst grows out of a joint or the lining of a tendon. It most often develops in the hand or wrist but can also develop in the shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, ankle, or foot. The round or oval ganglion can be pea sized or larger than a grape. Increased activity may enlarge the size of the cyst because more fluid starts to build up.

The initial plan started with ordering a CBC, CMP, amylase and lipase STAT. These are all standard labs that help to rule out gallbladder pathology as well as our other differential diagnoses. Her vital signs were stable and the physical exam revealed only moderate TTP of the RUQ and epigastric region. The lab results revealed no leukocytosis, no elevation of liver enzymes, bilirubin, amylase, lipase, alk phos or any other signs of cholecystitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis or other potential signs of infection. The plan of care began with keeping the patient NPO. This is recommended as this keeps the patient from further pain secondary to food stimulating gallbladder contraction.5 It also allows the patient to be prepared for surgery if urgent cholecystectomy is required. The next step was beginning IV normal saline to keep her well hydrated. After this we began to give her medication through the IV including Zofran for her nausea. Zofran is an effective anti-emetic and there were no contraindications for use in this patient. We also gave her Morphine 2 mg IV for pain control. Opioids are an effective option for a patient with significant biliary colic.6 Although NSAIDS are another option for pain control, PUD was part of the differential diagnosis so NSAIDS were not an appropriate therapy. We ordered an abdominal ultrasound as this is the diagnostic test of choice for cholelithiasis. The ultrasound revealed multiple gallstones in the gallbladder, some mild gallbladder thickening, and some dilatation of the common bile duct. At this point we consulted GI who scheduled the patient for MRCP in the morning in order rule out choledocholithiaisis. We also consulted the surgery team who admitted the patient. The stated they would likely plan for laparoscopic

Obesity is one of the major risk factors for gallstones, especially in women. A large clinical study showed that being even moderately overweight increases one’s risk for developing gallstones.

The gallbladder holds approximately 90ml of concentrated bile. Each day 700 to 1200 ml of bile is secreted and drained into the common bile duct and into the duodenum. (Kathryn L. McCance, 2014) As outlined earlier the blockage of the Sphincter of Oddi will cause all of this bile to be forced back up the common bile duct and into the gallbladder. The amount of fluid produced in a day far outweighs the capacity of the gallbladder causing it to become distended. This distention activates the pain fibers causing abdominal discomfort, especially during large meals. The same mechanism is found when the pancreas secretes pancreatic enzymes. The enzymes become stuck at the SO and are required to travel back up the main pancreatic duct into the pancreas; this causes pain and discomfort due to the distention of the

The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile. If the gallbladder was damaged or dysfunctional there would be softer and more frequent stools. (Audesirk, T., & Audesirk, G. (1999). Retrieved November 21, 2015 from Chapter 29: Nutrition and Digestion. In Biology: Life on Earth (5th ed., p. 585, 586). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.) (General Surgery- Gallstones (Cholelithiasis). (n.d.). Retrieved November 21, 2015, from

Cholelithiasis includes the closeness of gallstones that are solidifications that structure within the biliary tract, additional typically than not within the vesica. Choledocholithiasis alludes to the closeness of one or additional gallstones within the basic gall channel (CBD). Treatment of gallstones depends on upon the part of malady.