Cognitive Theories Of Selective Attention Essay

Cognition is defined as the mental activities associated with thought, decision making, language and other higher mental processes. Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes such as attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity and thinking. Cognitive psychology concerns how people perceive ,understand ,evaluate and think. Cognitive psychologists argue that the mind is a processor of information-people perceive information through the senses and try to understand

component increasing the fight against vaccines. Throughout The Vaccine War, the particular theory exemplified on the human behavior is Cognitive Dissonance Theory. Cognitive Dissonance Theory is a notion created by Leon Festinger that disputes that dissonance is an awkward feeling that encourages people to take action to diminish it. This theory is composed of two components: cognitions and cognitive dissonance. Cognitions are defined as, “ways of knowing,

The Power of Expectancy Effects on Cognitive Performance Abstract Expectancy and placebo effects on cognitive performance haven’t been well studied. A 2 (‘Salvia’, Placebo) x 2 (Congruent, Incongruent) mixed experimental design was adopted to determine the role of expectancy in receiving a salvia capsule on selective attention. Olken, Flegal and Zajdel (2008) found that the expectation of receiving salvia can improve cognitive performance. In the current study, 102 second year undergraduate psychology

Jean Piaget is famous for his principles of cognitive development from birth throughout childhood. He outlined the different stages that “cognitive capacities” appear (Feist et al., 2015). He made his theories based on his observation of his children. He divided the cognitive development from birth through adolescence into four stages: the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational stages. Sensorimotor stage covers ages 0-2 when infants use their senses to learn about

Cognitive Theories Cognitive theories in psychology describe the thought process of human behavior, with the belief that it is these such processes that affect the way that humans behave. In short, cognitive theory describes the basis of thought being an internal mental event that can cause external behavior to occur. There are many cognitive theories throughout the domains, however, the various theories within the decision making and attention domains are among the most influential. Decision

This essays aims are to compare and contrast early VS late selection models of attention and attentional control. Specifically, its focus will be on some of the theories and research put forward within this field of study, that using computer analogy terms have provided models to explain attention. Following a chronological structure a review of some of the most influential theories of selective attention will be compared those of Broadbent (1958) Treisman (1964) and Deutsh & Deutsh (1970). It will

selection models of attention. How well do they explain how we selectively attend to information? Attention was described by William James (1890, cited in Eysenck & Keane, 2000, p130) as “the taking possession of the mind, in clear and vivid form , of one out of what seem several simultaneously possible objects or trains of thought. Focalisation, concentration of consciousness are of its essence.” This definition emphasises how attention is thought of as a selective process. It seems clear

else that is computerized. We rely on digital media through everyday tasks because it has proven to be beneficial in navigating and connecting us with the world, however there is great debate whether our technology has any detrimental effect on our cognitive development and skills. As we know, technology has become a great part of our identity. Although, there is evidence that digital media has various benefits and risks for our cognition. Nevertheless, it remains a topic of discussion since technology

However, it is clear that without a good night’s rest, sleep-deprived individuals can find it difficult to pay attention, even if they want to stay awake. Thus, it becomes important to examine the underlying mechanisms that explain the negative effects of sleep loss on attention and cognitive performance. Sleep effects can be measured by alertness, which describes the overall state of the cognitive system and can be attributed to two primary components: a circadian system and a sleep homeostasis system

utmost concern to cognitive psychologist interested in attention. It is believed that, our mental resources are limited and we are not able to attend to all incoming stimuli. We therefore attend some portions of our mental energy to one task so that less is available for the performance of other task. To be able to perform well in an unfamiliar and cumbersome task, we devote and allocate more of our mental energy and time to the task. This shows that, to perform a given cognitive task, there is a