CHAPTER – 3
Process Capability Indices
In this chapter a detailed review on certain results and methods of Variables Sampling plan based on Cpmk Process Capability Index for product acceptance determination.
Process Capability Index
Process capability analysis has grow into most important and integrated part in the applications and statistical process control to continuous improvement of quality and productivity.
Process Capability Indices (PCIs) Process capability indices (PCIs) are also known as Process capability ratios (PCRs). PCIs are used as an significant tools for illustrating the process excellence. In order to calculate the process capability numerically, PCIs have been developed. PCIs are mostly used in Process specifications as well as Process variability. The use of PCIs are essential as they are Statistical indicators of the Process capability. PCIs are also defined as the quantitative indicators relate the performance of process or product characteristic to the specifications. Similarly, PCIs are used to regulate how well the process executes with respect to specifications and they express the capacity of the process to meet these specifications, as a unique
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Often used measures of performance are the PCIs, which relate the natural tolerance limits of a process to the specification limits. In practice, Cp, Cpk, Cpm are some of the broadly used PCIs. Process Capability index Cp Cp index is also known as Process potential index, or Process capability ratio, or Inherent capability index, and two-sided PCI for two-sided specifications, such that, the process is having both lower and upper specification limits. Cp is often used in engineering situation in order to express process capability in a modest quantitative way.
The Cp index is defined
While looking to enhance quality levels, a group of Motorola engineers designed a set of quality management tools that utilized statistical data as an approach toward the reduction of defects, and the improved maintenance of quality (Reddy & Hutton, 2013). Focusing on process improvement and variation reduction, Six Sigma uses a measurement-based strategy to improve quality, based on a systematic methodology known by its acronym - DMAIC (iSixSigma, 2012). Once problematic issues are recognized, the DMAIC model strives toward finding a long-term solution through the five phases of defining systems. By measuring key aspects of the current process for data collection, analyzing the collected data and verifying cause and effect relationships, improving current processes from data analysis, and controlling operations to prevent impact in any future process disruptions (Wallace & Webber,
Successful organizations continuously strive to improve the processes they have in place. Process improvement leads to better quality control, higher efficiencies and lower costs. In order to implement a process improvement plan, it is necessary to collect and analyze data from the process. In this paper, I present an analysis of the metric data collected for the process I identified during week #1. As part of the analysis, the control and confidence limits are calculated, as well as other relevant statistics. With this information, a process improvement
Process Quality is the second approach we use with a concentration on validating that the policies and procedures implemented to maximize quality and customer service are being followed. We also use Process Quality to make sure the implemented procedures are the most appropriate to achieve the goals. This approach is better known as “continuous improvement” and was made famous by Edward Deming. Deming taught that by adopting appropriate principles of management, organizations can increase quality.
Performance measures are important for a quality improvement plan because the data collected through performance measures will help the team determine if the correct process is being implemented and if the desired results are being achieved through the QI plan. Performance measures can help the quality improvement team analyze data on the ongoing success or deterioration of a work group, QI program, or efforts of an organization by comparing performance measure data. Performance measure data can help gather data on what actually outcome of the quality improvement initiative versus what was initially predicted to happen. Quality improvement performance measures allow the team to use quantitative measures that can measure critical information
Pick one product with which you are familiar. Complete three to five line items such as Job shop, batch, assembly line, or continuous flow approach, on the Process Design Matrix.
Processes were measured: The processes were identified. Objectives were identified. Obvious bottlenecks were highlighted by analysing the process metrics.
1. The capability index allows for some drifting of the process mean. Discuss what this means in terms of product quality output.
The process generic study is considered to be an influential tool, in spite of the fact that it might also be quite challenging to be successfully executed. Due to its non-relevant characteristic to the organization field of industry, the organization should carefully select a process to be benchmarked and define an appropriate benchmarking partner jointly; however, finding a benchmarking partner for a process generic study can be tricky task, nonetheless, when a suitable partner is found, it is not difficult to convince the selected organization to participate in the benchmarking study , because the field of specialty is unrelated and both partners can benefit from the results, thus sharing information and expertise between both organizations
Issue: Dynamic Seal, a precision parts manufacturer with a reputation for high quality, does not currently utilize a Statistical Process Control (SPC) system. However, United Airlines (UA), a major customer representing 14% of Dynamic Seal’s business, insists they implement an SPC system or loose United Airlines’ business. In addition Dynamic Seal do not have a sound preventative measure quality control system in place, preferring 100% inspection to cull bad quality, rather than building parts correctly from inception.
* Introduces the construction and use of statistical process control (SPC) charts and an understanding of the relationship between SPC and conformance quality.
Evaluating the first data set from the table, for n = 20, A2 = 0.18. Using the hint provided, the estimated standard deviation is 0.234. The process capability as obtained is 1.03. This is below 1.33, which means that the process is not capable.
The project objective was quality monitoring costs reduction while at the same time improving the quality of the product. The improvements in quality control processes were focused along with reducing the number of samples. The plan consisted of three distinct elements:
In align with the mission “Exceeding customer expectations by always being first to market with the best products”, industrial engine business sector has an in-house facility to design value package systems and Six Sigma, Kaizen, ERP processes type quality standards helps in developing high class products.
Capabilities mean how the company mixes and utilizes all assets to bring the best product offered. These capabilities summarize in company 4Ps, which are listed as below:
In small scale automobile part manufacturing company producing a large amount of products. A multiproduct manufacturing facility has the wide process which involves a large number of variables such as quality characteristics. Each and every product has been different quality characteristics which are measured on the manufacturing line. But when multiple products are produced or manufacturing trough a single processing line in multi product manufacturing facility, individual process monitoring strategies are used for monitoring the process of individual parts. So the challenge is that to develop a statistical process control charts for detection and implementation of faults using the quality characteristics.