In the following pages a few models of teaching are described in greater detail. For this purpose only following models have been selected. 1. Concept Attainment Model. 2. Enquiry Training Model. 3. Advance Organizers Model. 4. Operant Conditioning Model of Teaching. 5. Glaser Basic Teaching Model. 6. Computer-Based teaching Model 1. THE CO -CEPT ATTAINMENT MODEL This is a Concept Attainment Model which is derived from the cognitive processes which are used by human beings in collecting and organizing information. The process was studied over several years by Bruner, Good now and Austin (1956). These are the processes, which the people use for forming concepts of categories or concepts, which enable them to describe things or relationships. These categories or concepts make it possible to "manipulate the confusing world”. There are certain definite advantages of concepts or categories thus formed. Firstly, they reduce the complexity of the environment; secondly, they enable us to identify objects in the world; thirdly, they reduce the necessity of constant learning; fourthly, they give us direction for activity, i. e., what we should do in a given situation. The process of categorization is known as the process of concept attainment. This isthe process by which we discriminate the attributes of things, people, events andplaces and put them into categories. There are three types of concepts: (i) conjunctive e, when the category is defined by the joint presence of several
The framework is composed of 4 domains and 22 components. Each component has a level of performance; unsatisfactory, basic, proficient and distinguished. The lowest score is unsatisfactory and the highest level is distinguished. The framework makes it easy for teachers to be evaluated and understand their score because it describes the performance for each component and provides possible examples for the levels of performance in all of the components. The examples show how a particular skill of teaching might look like in the classroom.
Teaching theories are as much part of the classroom as the student and the teacher. The effect individual theories have on an environment depends how they are incorporated within the classroom in addition to the influence they have had on the curriculum construction. This essay will briefly look at how motivation theory, cognitive and social cognitive theory along with constructivism have impacted on education and the classroom.
Students have their own best way in effectively learning the lesson. With the diversity of students, the problem is each student has a preferred learning style. It becomes undeniably one of the reasons that make it difficult to achieve the best expected outcome out of teachers’ effort. However, teachers try to incorporate various teaching techniques to make every learning opportunity become productive, meaningful, and relevant for the learners.
From an early age I found learning hard and in my early educational years I
There are different styles of teaching, as each pupil will learn in a different style, these include visual learners, auditory learners and kinesthetic learners. These learners all need different ways of helping them to learn. For example a
It is important to decide at an early stage on the most appropriate teaching method for each candidate, to enable every candidate to achieve their learning goal in the easiest way possible. Some candidates will not respond well to classroom style teaching and may require one to one assistance for them to develop, others may develop their understanding better through demonstration or through explanations given by the tutor.
Students will respond to the lesson in different ways and often there are “teachable moments” that were not included in the original lesson. The effective teacher can incorporate various instructional strategies to fit the moment and the individual student’s needs at that moment.
And therefore utilizes six variables as an integral part of the teaching procedure that include Errorless teaching, Most-to-least Prompts, Variable Ratio of Reinforcement, Mix and Vary instructional Demands, Intersperse Easy and Hard Demands and lastly Fluency , using discrete trail teaching as well as Natural Environment Teaching for carrying out effective and efficient teaching ( Lesson 5, ppt, Slide-15)
Three main theories of education exist: behavioral, constructivist, and cognitive. I find myself ideologically aligned most closely with the constructivist approach, yet for reasons to be explored later in this document, find the theory one that can only offer guidance for my actions as a teacher a portion of the time I am working with students. Constructivism means students don’t just absorb information and understand
In the practice of teaching, it is the responsibility of a teacher not only to teach students subject matter, but to teach students in order to enable them to grow and develop as a person. While it is essential for students to have an understanding of academic material, it is also equally as important that when students finish their education they have skills to use in
This means that they need to have to know effective ways to teach it and how to use the various types, which will be talked about in this paper.
There are many theories that are relevant to classroom teaching today. Marsh (2008, p. 17) states that “each theory is nothing more than a set of reasonable suggestions”. A teacher should look at the information available to them and take what is necessary to achieve a positive learning environment in their classroom. This may mean taking a little part of one theory and combining in with another part of a different theory, there is no singular theory or theorist that encompasses everything that is required in a modern classroom. Some of the most important theories of learning are motivation, constructivism and behaviourism. Teachers choose their teaching style and strategy to complement their students, to arrive at their own personal
Overview: Schema Theory is part of the cognitive theories of learning module and deals with how the brain processes new knowledge (Chalmers, 2003). Schemata are packets of prior knowledge that have been stored in a learner’s memory. Each learner has developed schemata that are based on prior experience and knowledge. Learners seek to connect new information with prior knowledge and use generalizations to assist in organization of information. Schema Theory is focused on conceptual learning and states that knowledge seeks organization in order to develop meaning (Anderson, 1984).
The first is where one teaches and one observes, a useful model when observation and data collection is necessary, but it does not give both teachers equivalent responsibilities. Station teaching breaks students into small groups and has them rotate to several teacher-led and/or independent work stations, a model which involves both teachers but can be noisy and distracting for both teachers and students. In parallel teaching, students are divided into two equal groups and each partner teaches the same material; this method ensures diversity and lowers teacher-student ratio, but requires that both teachers have similar content knowledge and teach at a similar pace. In alternative teaching, one teacher works with a small group of students who need additional instruction, while the other teacher works with the remaining students; this benefits those students who need more intensive instruction, but it can stigmatize them if they are always placed in this small group instruction. One teach while one assists is a method that allows for students to be supported during a lesson, but it can be over-used with the eventual result of having little benefit over a one-teacher classroom. The final and possibly the most effective method is team teaching, where both teachers equally share planning and instruction. This method allows teachers to draw off one another’s strengths and provides greater diversity of teaching, but it may be difficult for
Analysis of the three identified stages stated on the lesson planner shall take place within this assignment. Links will be shown between the teaching methods that were incorporated in this lesson planner which met particular learning characteristics, traits and needs of the group or an individual(s) and relevant educational and theoretical principles. The lesson planner has been placed in the appendices, as a referral resource, for this assignment.