Coronary Disease

Many of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease cause problems because they lead to atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is the narrowing and thickening of arteries and develops for years without causing symptoms. It can happen in any part of the body. Around the heart, it is known as coronary artery disease, in the legs it is known as peripheral arterial disease. The narrowing and thickening of the arteries is due to the deposition of fatty material, cholesterol and other substances in the walls of blood vessels. The deposits are known as plaques. The rupture of a plaque can lead to stroke or a heart attack. (World Heart Federation).

Coronary artery disease (CAD) develops when plaque builds up in the narrow arteries of the heart. The arteries that are affected supply blood to your heart, oxygen, and numerous amounts of nutrients to the heart. The plaque that builds in the arteries is from the amount of cholesterol that is accumulated in the arteries. The plaque that builds within the arteries of the heart decrease the blood flow to the heart often resulting in chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, or other symptoms. This disease is often not diagnosed until the patient has a heart attack. The reason that coronary artery disease goes unnoticed is because this disease develops over decades. “Heart disease is the leading cause of

Heart muscle disease, also referred to as cardiomyopathy, often shows no or mild symptoms only. This allows the people having the condition to live a more normal life than their other heart counterparts. However, the symptoms may progress and worsen if the heart function worsens too.

Atherosclerosis is the process in which substances known as plaques, which are made up of cholesterol and platelets, adhere to tears in the walls of arteries. Over time these plaques build up to the point where they occlude blood flow in the arteries. When this happens in the coronary arteries, either directly, as the result of buildup in the arteries themselves, indirectly in the form a clot from another part of the body breaking loose and becoming lodged in the coronary arteries, the usual result is a heart attack.3

The following summary is an updated case study of a 47 year old male patient, Jim who was diagnosed with Coronary Artery Disease. The patient did receive information on what CAD is and was informed that test were needed to fully diagnose and be evaluated for underlying conditions (high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol levels, diabetes and blockage. I will discuss the type of test needed for this condition and tests for any underlying conditions that are related to this disease. The type of treatment needed to control and lower his risk factor. I will also give the patient information about complementary and alternative medicine so the patient will be well informed about different types of treatment. The patient will be informed about the prognosis of the disease, and the options that the patient has to succeed in the changes in his lifestyle that are needed.

Coronary artery disease remains number one killer of the western civilization despite 40 years of aggressive drug and surgical interventions (Esselstyn). Usually, pharmaceutical drugs, such as statin, are given to try to slow the progression, but may provide uncomfortable side effects. In fact, the majority of patients discontinue statins within 1 year of treatment initiation (Maningat). Furthermore, surgery is performed to circumvent clogged arteries and literally bypass the symptoms. In the last year, 500,000 coronary bypass procedures were performed (Swaminathan et al). However, these surgeries can have significant risks, including the potential to cause further heart damage, stroke, and brain dysfunction. Thus, it is evident that these way of treatments may not be enough on its own, and that getting to the

Coronary Artery Disease, also known as CAD, is the most common form of heart disease. (Heart and Stroke Foundation, 2009) Coronary Artery Disease obstructs the blood flow in vessels that provides blood to the heart which is caused by the buildup of plaque on the artery walls. (Rogers, 2011, p.87) (Heart and Stroke Foundation, 2009) Plaque is a yellow substance that consists of fat substances, like cholesterol, and narrows or clogs the arteries which prevents blood flow. (Heart and Stroke Foundation, 2009) Plaque can build up in any artery but usually favors large and medium sized arteries. (Heart and Stroke Foundation, 2009)

Because Congestive Heart Failure has many causes, doctors need to find the underlying cause of the heart failure. So the doctors have to find out how and why the heart is malfunctioning before they can make a diagnosis. They do this by your medical/family history, physical examination, and a series of test. Some of the tests used to discover underlying cause are blood tests to evaluate the function of organs in the body, BNP blood test, X-ray, electrocardiogram (EKG), echocardiogram (ECG), stress test, cardiac catherization, radionuclide ventriculography, or a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The most common heart disease that most people have is coronary artery disease. Coronary artery disease tends to cause heart attacks. When a substance of plaque builds up in your arteries, heart disease may occur. When plaque builds up, a person’s arteries can narrow over time, limiting blood flow to the heart. This could also block the blood flow. This process is called

CAD is an artery disease where the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart becomes hardened or narrowed due to the build-up of cholesterol and plaque in the inner wall; this causes a reduced blood flow to the heart muscles. Hence, if the arteries become severely narrowed or blocked, the heart becomes deficient for nutrients and oxygen.

One of the patient’s secondary diagnoses is atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery without angina pectoris. He had a heart valve replacement in 2011. Atherosclerosis is a disease in which plaque made of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances builds up inside the arteries. This is an issue because the plaque hardens over time and narrows the arteries, which then limits the flow of oxygenated blood to vital tissues. This condition can lead to heart attacks, strokes, and death. Coronary artery atherosclerosis is the single largest killer of both men and women in the United States (Boudi, 2016). The patient’s atherosclerosis is located in the coronary artery. This artery is one of two main blood vessels that branch off

There are various treatments for DCM. The first option is to provide people with medicine, such as ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers (4). However, should their condition worsen, patients can receive ventricular assist devices to help them pump blood to the rest of their body. In extreme cases, heart transplants may be necessary

While many struggle with this certain type in the U.S, it is also in other places all over the world. This is a disease in which many people die from every year. Coronary Artery Disease is very hard to notice, so when they start feeling the symptoms it's already too late. Anyone can have Heart Disease, but it's just those certain few that have a history of Heart Disease in their family who are more at risk. Many problems come from Heart Disease, and sometimes they don't get to be a problem for a person if they get treated in time, but it's hard to detect. There are many problems associated with Heart Disease and those other problems include: Aorta Disease, Cardiomyopathies, and heart valve disease. These three other problems are caused by something already happening with your heart or arteries. Aorta disease is not just one disease, It makes up a lot more diseases that are all linked with your aorta artery. The Aorta Artery is the largest artery in your body that branches out all over your heart. This artery supplies oxygen-rich blood to all your muscles and things that need that blood. When your body has plaque building up inside of it, the artery can become stretched out and become wider as well as tearing it apart. Heart valve disease has many different factors. It affects every valve in your heart and As said by WebMD, “Your valves sit at the exit of each of your four heart chambers. They maintain one way blood flows through your heart. Examples of Heart Valve problems include: Mitral valve prolapse: the valve between your left upper and left lower chambers doesn't close right. Aortic Stenosis: your aortic valve narrows. It affects blood flow from your heart to the rest of your body.”

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by fatty buildup in the arteries of the heart. Your arteries are made to carry oxygen infused blood to your heart and other parts of your body if it is filled up with plaque, which is the fatty substance that clogs and blocks up the arteries. If it gets clogged enough to where your heart is not receiving fresh oxygen, you could have a heart attack that could cause very serious damage to your body and could even kill you. When you are younger, you can begin to grow plaque in your blood vessels from not eating right and not exercising regularly. When your arteries are being filled up with plaque they become more narrow and harder for blood to get through as easily as it is supposed to be. When you have

Coronary artery disease happens when blood cannot flow properly through the arteries due to the accumulation of plaque along the artery walls. This causes pressure on the heart, which cannot get all of the blood, oxygen and important nutrients that is needed. As plaque builds up and the arteries narrow, chest pain and other symptoms arise. Extensive exposure to plaque build up may weaken the heart and cause heart failure. When the blockage from plaque becomes bad enough, blood may begin to clot from being unable to pass through the arteries, resulting in a complete blockage. This kind of blockage can produce a heart attack.