Developmental Life Cycle Theory

As Bernstein (2010) points out, often times people with ADHD “zone out” and miss valuable parts of conversations. This results in them bouncing back, often with a quick lie in order to continue the flow of conversation. These lies occur so quickly in order to fill voids of conversation, and so often, that they can sadly become a habit.

Poverty remains a topic of discussion of every political debate, and the focus of many politicians and public health activists. Yet, thirty seven million Americans still live below the official poverty level.1 With a focus of work, when exploring the topic of poverty, three types can be identified: the unemployed, the working poor, and those not in the labor market (people with disabilities and retired seniors). In order to cut poverty in half, jobs need to be made available, work must pay, reduction of obstacles to work, and a need to help seniors and adults with disabilities.2 One very large and influential obstacle preventing work, is childcare. By expanding assistance and access to childcare for low-income families, we not only promote

In this developmental case history I will be case conceptualizing Yves while integrating the developmental theories of Erik Erikson, Sigmund Freud and Urie Bronfenbrenner. In this developmental case study we will be taking a journey throughout Yves’ life timeline through the lenses of these three theorists in order to get a better understanding of his developmental history, who he is, and the deeper meaning behind his facts of life.

Becoming a parent is a great adventure full of joy and satisfaction, but also moments of frustration and distress. Parents’ work starts even before their children are born, and it is not an easy task. Most parents have hopes and dreams for their children and they play a fundamental role in planning and guiding their children’s trajectories to become successful individuals. Many of them could feel lost, not knowing where to start or how to act most effectively. Not having the skills or resources to support the children since they are in the womb, makes a big difference in their outcomes. That is why it is important that low income parents have access to programs that support them with parenting skills and learning opportunities to fully participate

According to the CDC, Teen pregnancy rates are highest within the Hispanic and African American demographic ("Social Determinants and Teen Pregnancy / Teen Pregnancy / Reproductive Health / CDC," 2015). This trend can be linked to neighborhood income inequality and lower educational opportunity for these demographics ("Social Determinants and Teen Pregnancy / Teen Pregnancy / Reproductive Health / CDC," 2015). In my Voicethread post I addressed the idea of generational poverty for many families in urban communities across the country. Adolescents and teens that have grandparents and parents that live in poverty are more likely to experience poverty in their adult lives. Low-income families rely on multiple forms of government aid, including food stamps, rent assistance, and other governmental subsidies to decrease their financial burden each month. Cyclic poverty is among the most difficult patterns to overcome. Decreased economic prospects for young girls in urban environments steer them towards teen parenting (Kempner, 2013). Watching their parents ‘get by’ is enough motivation for vulnerable young women to take the plunge into parenthood. However, parents that seek education and personal betterment often seek safer environments in which to raise their children, breaking the cycle of poverty for their families. The educational push by the adults in their lives should be there for teens,

About 15 million of the children who live in the Unites States live in official poverty. A child born into poverty, especially in 2015, axiomatically has an increased risk of poor physical, mental, and nutritional health due to a lack of adequate health care, is subject to a different upbringing, due to inabilities of low-income parents, and burdened by unsatisfactory education from socioeconomically segregated schools. These factors unfortunately cause lower income children to suffer from a lack of opportunity to achieve higher education, social problems that come with living in poverty, and decrease their chance of a prosperous life trajectory.

Although the majority of the cost of the program would come from the participants’ income, the major concern of the politicians who disapproved the bill still related to the costs of a project. Local businesses also present the same concern about paid maternity leave. However, both groups – always so worried about monetary outcomes – should see the big picture. In the past years, Colorado saw a decline of its birth rate, which is also below the country’s average. According to the latest National Vital Statistics Report, births in Colorado stopped increasing in the past ten years; to explain that trend, the “Ages and Stages” study, from the Cassandra Report – specialized in researching trends among the millennials generation – showed that 34% of American adults born after 1985 do not want to have kids. The unwillingness to give up flexibility is the most cited reason between the participants; in a state with no paid maternity leave, you need to be very flexible to have a kid.

It is about values and political will. Sadly, politics too often trumps good policy and moral decency and responsibility to the next generation and the nation’s future. It is way past time for a critical mass of Americans to confront the hypocrisy of America’s pretension to be a fair playing field while almost 15 million children languish in poverty. This report calls for an end to child poverty in the richest nation on earth with a 60 percent reduction immediately. It shows solutions to ending child poverty in our nation already exist. For the first time this report shows how, by expanding investments in existing policies and programs that work, we can shrink overall child poverty 60 percent, though there are three times as many white children in America. Annually. ¨ The younger children are the most poor They are during their years of greatest brain development. Every other American baby is non-White and 1 in 2 Black babies is poor, 150 years after slavery was legally abolished. These kids need help and kids are out here dying because america refuto help these kids out or have any funds for them. For the first time since the federal government started collecting the data, the number of black children in poverty appears to have overtaken the number of

This section of the developmental history form speaks to where and how the child spends the bulk of his or her day if the primary care giver is employed. Often children who live in poverty have numerous adults that provide care or spend

In our country the number of undereducated single mothers is raising yearly, and so is the average cost of child care. Uneducated single mothers are requiring more government assistance due to the high cost of competent child care. A single mother who has not attended college is much more likely to have struggles getting by. They are offered low wage jobs, and rely on food stamps and government insurances like Medicaid. At a time when more government assistance is being required and more children are growing up in single mother homes, it is easy to point the finger and blame a woman’s life choices. However, poor life choices are rarely a reason that these

Erik Erikson was a psychoanalytic psychologist. If Freud emphasized the role of bioenergy factors in developmental psychology, then Erik Erikson appreciated the social actors with the development of human psychology. Erikson, like Freud, was largely concerned with how personality and behaviour is influenced after birth - not before birth - and especially during childhood. In the 'nature v nurture ' (genes v experience) debate, Erikson was firmly focused on nurture and experience.

“The family life cycle (FLC) is a series of stages determined by a combination of age, marital status, and the presence or absence of children” (Chapter 8, page 146, MKTG). FLC is used in marketing to narrow down target markets. Marketing managers choose their market by determining who has a need for their product and focus on that particular group. Marketing to the correct group of the FLC will save marketing budgets from promoting products to disinterested group that do not

The economic status of single parent households with children under the age of 18 is a critical societal need. In fact, single mothers are more likely to be in poverty than single fathers. Dr. Carol Greinder of John Hopkins School of Medicine, recently shared statistical findings that of the nearly 10 million single mother households the median income was roughly $26,000 which equates to less than one third the income of a married couple (Krawczyk, 2017). The barriers that produce low incomes for single mothers include factors such as education, low work experience, health issues, lack of transportation and child care. Many studies concluded that most welfare recipients lacked the education skill set required by most employers. Furthermore, rural and inner city areas often do not have enough employment opportunities that require little skill set. Finally, single mothers were unable to focus on employment due to the lack of affordable housing available in communities where job availability is higher. With the lack of employment opportunities for single mothers, we now have to look at redefining the earning capacity by giving them an opportunity to gain critical skills for better employment, which will then offer them the ability to live a healthier lifestyle out of poverty.

According to an analysis by Columbia University's National Center for Children in Poverty, 45 percent of people who spent at least half of their childhood in poverty were poor at age 35, among those who spent less than half of their childhood in poverty, just 8 percent were poor at age 35. (Breslow ,2012) The United States is the wealthiest country, yet a great many Americans live below the poverty line and millions more battle each month. The poverty line is the estimated minimum level of income needed to secure the necessities of life. The federal poverty guideline for a family of four is $23,050, up from $20,650 before the start of the recession. Today’s poverty guidelines compare with a median household income in the U.S. of $50,054. (Breslow 2012) The kids in the new generation living in poverty is expanding day by day. Adolescents who are brought up poverty are often responsible for crimes committed (Taylor, 2006) The dominant part of these youngsters are from single-parent homes where in some cases guardians are not working or have turned out to be impaired and in this way can't work. Low-income children caught up in their parents’ economic struggles experience the impact through unmet needs, low-quality schools, and unstable circumstances. Children as a group are disproportionately poor: roughly one in five live in poverty compared with one in eight adults (US Census Bureau 2014). Children who are raised in foster care and leave as adults do not have strong

“An imbalance between rich and poor is the oldest and most fatal ailment of all republics.” – Plutarch, Greek historian Currently in the United States, there are over 16 million children growing up in poverty. Children that live in poverty are more likely to be absent from school and have a higher dropout rate than those who come from families with higher incomes. Children that live beneath the poverty line are more likely to have learning disabilities, developmental delays, and behavioral problems. These are just a few disadvantages of the hundreds that children living in poverty deal with on a day to day basis. There are ways to help these children in poverty, that is the extension of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009 improvements to the Child Tax Credit and the Earned Income Tax Credit. The extension of this effective policy will ensure that parents and caregivers have the resources to support and nurture their children.