Diabetes Is A Disorder Of Too Little, Too Much Or Ineffective Use Of Insulin

Diabetes refers to a set of several different diseases. It is a serious health problem throughout the world and fourth leading cause of death by disease in the country. All types of diabetes result in too much sugar, or glucos in the blood. To understand why this happens it would helpful if we understand how the body usually works. When we eat, our body breaks down the food into simpler forms such as glucose. The glucose goes into the bloodstream, where it then travels to all the cells in your body. The cells use the glucose for energy. Insulin, a hormone made by the pancreas, helps move the glucose from bloodstream to the cells. The pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus further explains the concept on how this disease works. Pancreas

Symptoms of diabetes include: weight loss, fatigue, thirst, frequent urination, sugar in the urine, and vision problems.

Type 1 diabetes usually develops suddenly and advances quickly. Warning signs of type 1- diabetes include frequent urination, unusual thirst, and increase in appetite, dry mouth, fruity order to the breath, sudden and unintentional weight loss. Other signs are weakness, extreme fatigue, and irritability. Another symptom in people with type 1-diabetes could be changes in eyesight such as blurred vision. Children with type 1 diabetes may also be restless, apathetic, and have trouble functioning at school. In severe cases, diabetic coma which

Due to hyperglycemia and lack of insulin, many people experience some classic symptoms of diabetes such as excessive hunger, excessive thirst, increased urine volume, and unexplained weight loss. (Gwinnett Medical Center Health Series) Some long term symptoms of type 2 diabetes that may appear over time include: fatigue, recurrent infections, changes in vision, itching, and possible tingling or prickling skin sensations.

The symptoms of diabetes is commonly hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar) and hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar). “Symptoms of marked hyperglycemia include polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, sometimes with polyphagia, and blurred vision.” (American

Diabetes and ethnic background: in descending order. DM affects 12.6% of non-Hispanic blacks. 11.8% of Hispanics. 8.4 of Asian-American. And 7.1% of non-Hispanics whites. Type 1 DM is more common in whites; it is less common in African-Americans and Asian-American. Type 2 DM is more common in African-Americans, Native Americans, and Hispanics than among whites.

Diabetes results from an imbalance of the hormone insulin and is considered a metabolic disorder. Glucose is obtained from food, normally insulin is released as the glucose levels rise. Insulin is produced in the pancreas by cells known as Beta cells. When Beta Cells fail to produce insulin the levels of glucose in the blood rise because the kidney is unable to filtrate the high amounts of glucose in the blood. Another cause of diabetes can be insulin resistance. Insulin resistance occurs when the body is not able to utilize the available insulin. Insulin is in charge of maintaining the proper levels of glucose in the blood. As the levels of glucose increase so does the amount of insulin being released. Insulin activates

In the case of Type 1 diabetes, those factors are family history and issues with the pancreas. If a person’s family has a history of having Type 1 diabetes, that person’s risk of getting Type 1 diabetes increases. In terms of the pancreas, having diseases of the pancreas can slow the pancreas’s ability to make insulin. Some infections and illnesses can damage the pancreas as well. In the case of Type 2 diabetes, risk factors include age, race, sex, family history, and health. Similar to Type 1 diabetes, if a person’s family has a history of having Type 2 diabetes, that person’s risk of getting Type 2 diabetes increases. The older the person is, the higher the risk he or she has of getting Type 2 diabetes. The risk increases particularly around age 45. Additionally, African Americans, Mexican Americans, American Indians, Native Hawaiians, Pacific Islanders, and Asian Americans have a high risk of Type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, men are more likely to get Type 2 diabetes than women. Health is a major factor in the onset of Type 2 diabetes. Overweight and obese individuals have a higher risk of getting Type 2 diabetes. People with high blood pressure (over 140/90 in adults and over 120/80 in children) are also at increased risk of getting Type 2 diabetes. A person with low levels of HDL, which is under 35 mg/dL, or a person with high levels of triglyceride, which is over 250 mg/dL, has a higher chance of getting Type 2 diabetes as well. Additionally, someone with impaired glucose tolerance has a very strong chance of being afflicted with Type 2

Type 2 is very common as it affects 90–95% of people with diabetes and usually is associated with people who are over weight and have high blood pressure. It also usually occurs within adults but younger people potentially also have a risk of catching the disease. Unlike type 1, people with type 2 diabetes are usually insulin resistant. This means that their pancreas is creating insulin but the insulin is not functioning properly and isn't being able to be adsorbed efficiently. Fundamentally resulting in the glucose to override the insulin levels and cause disproportions within the blood. Fortunately people with type 2 diabetes can manage and in some cases even completely reverse the entire disease. They must manage their condition through life style changes, such as engaging in physically activity, making healthy food choices and achieving a healthier body

Diabetes, or also called Diabetes Mellitus, is a group of metabolic diseases inside our body, in which there are high sugar levels in the blood over a period of time because the body does not properly process food to use as energy like it should. The pancreas, an organ that lies near the stomach, makes a hormone called insulin to help glucose get into the cells of our bodies. Insulin is one of the main hormones produced in our body that regulates blood sugar levels and allows us to use the sugar (called glucose) for energy. When you have diabetes, your body either doesn 't make enough insulin or

In Type 2 diabetes some insulin is being produced. Diabetes.org.uk (2017) states ‘In Type 2 diabetes, the body doesn’t make enough insulin, or the insulin it makes doesn’t work properly, meaning glucose builds up in the blood’. It usually occurs in older, overweight people and symptoms develop over a longer time period. Symptoms can include excessive thirst, going to the toilet to pass urine a lot more than usual including having to get up in the night to do this. Feeling tired all the time. Unexplained weight loss. Genital itching, thrush, cuts and wounds not healing as quickly as they should, and blurred vision. This is not an exhaustive list as there are rarer symptoms that can develop. The treatment for controlling Type 2 diabetes depends on the level of glucose found in the blood. This can be by diet and/or medication.

According to CDC.gov, in the year 2014 there were 29.1 million living with diabetes, 11.2 million were older adults. 5% of adults with diabetes have type 1. Type 1 diabetes occurs when beta cells in the pancreas is destroyed. When this happens the hormone that lowers blood glucose levels is destroyed. Those living with type 1 diabetes use inject insulin into their body, or use a pump. Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 95% of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is an insulin resistance disease that causes the muscles, liver, and fat tissues not to use insulin in the way that it should. Type 2 diabetes is more common among older adults, and for those who have a family history of diabetes. The people most at risk for type 2 diabetes are: African Americans, Latinos, and Hispanics. The symptoms of diabetes are: the constant urge to go to the restroom, always feeling hungry,

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is higher than type 1, it accounts for about 40-80% (Holt, 2004). Type 2 diabetics have a higher chance of receiving diabetes from their mothers being carriers, or having the disorder. For type 2, some environmental factors are very important for getting diabetes. The most important factors are obesity and not being physically active (Holt, 2004). The countries that are more obese will have a higher rate of occurrence than those with lower obesity rates. Also, countries that are more active, will have a lower occurrence. It is said that exercising about twenty minutes a week reduces your chances of getting type 2 diabetes by 46% (Holt, 2004).

The first type is Diabetes type one. “Type one (formerly known as type one; insulin–dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels over an extended period of time. With symptoms including increased urination, thirst, and hunger, diabetes is mainly due to loss of insulin production in the pancreas or lack of response to insulin produced. As of 2015, nearly 415 million people worldwide have diabetes with the three main types being Type 1, Type 2, and gestational. 90% of all diabetes cases are Type 2 (T2D) which is characterized by insulin resistance, high blood sugar, and lack of insulin. Also known as noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), this disease is primary caused by obesity and lack of exercise in genetically predisposed people and affects in nearly 29 million people in the US alone, making it the 7th leading cause of death in the country (American Diabetes Association 2016).