Diabetes Type 2 : A Condition Of Blood Sugar Levels

Type 2 Diabetes is a disease that is found in a variety of age groups around the world. This disease is growing at a rapid rate and it is impacting the health of this generation and future generations to come. Diabetes is a disease that impairs the body’s ability to produce or respond to the insulin hormone produced by the pancreas. The insulin allows for the glucose to be effectively used as energy throughout the body. Diabetes causes carbohydrates to be abnormally digested, which can raise blood glucose levels. This means that the glucose is not being taken up by the cells that need it. The cells cannot take up the excess glucose that has accumulated in the blood, so it is excreted through the urine. This can lead to problems with the kidneys, central nervous system, heart, and eyes because high blood glucose can damage the blood vessels of these organs. This diseased is managed by adopting a diet low in fat and high in fiber, increasing physical activity, losing excess weight, and not smoking. If this

29 million people in the United States (9.3 percent) have diabetes, and of those 29 million approximately 7.25 million are unaware that they are diabetic (www.cdc.gov). Diabetes describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body 's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. Diabetes can be divided into two groups: Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is also referred to as juvenile diabetes and is usually found in children and young adults. Only 5% of people with diabetes have this form of the disease. Type 1 diabetes restricts the body from producing insulin, a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. Type 1 diabetes can be managed by using insulin therapy and other treatments to help those infected maintain insulin to convert sugars, starches and foods into energy(www.diabetes.org). Type 2 diabetes is the most common, people with Type 2 diabetes have insulin resistance meaning the body does not use insulin properly. At first, the pancreas makes a surplus insulin to compensate for the lack on insulin in your body. However, over time your pancreas is not able to keep up and can not make enough insulin to keep your blood glucose at normal levels(www.diabetes.org). Complications of diabetes in the long term include potential heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage.

Insulin resistance is the first physiological change occurring in type two diabetes. In these type two diabetic patients, insulin is unable to move glucose into liver, kidney and muscle cells although insulin is able to attach properly to the cell surface receptors. In order to rectify this, most patients with type two diabetes start secreting normal to very high levels of insulin, which can initially overcome this resistance. After a while, the pancreas cannot keep up with this high insulin production and the cells become resistant to glucose intake. Persistent hyperglycemia or high blood glucose levels are not desirable since this causes damage to the beta cells of the pancreas that produces the insulin hormone. This damage to beta cells further hampers insulin synthesis and patients at this stage are categorized as full-blown diabetic. Such patients consistently show a hyperglycemia state even after hours of fasting ( Hinkle & Cheever,

Type 2 diabetes is a self-caused disease that prevents your body from using and producing insulin correctly which leads to high levels of sugar in the blood. When people consume too much or too little sugar, it affects their insulin resistance, which causes the pancreas to not maintain the right amount of insulin to keep the body's

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is an endocrine disorder that causes impaired use of carbohydrates while enhancing the use of proteins and lipids. This is called insulin resistance, in which the pancreas cannot make enough insulin to keep blood glucose levels normal, or the body is unable to use what is produced. The impairment causes blood glucose level to rise higher than normal. There is no cure for type 2 diabetes mellitus and it is life threatening when left untreated. Signs and symptoms of this disorder include vision changes, increased thirst, increased hunger, increased frequency of urination, stomach pain, nausea and vomiting, erectile dysfunction, and absences of mentruation. These can occur abruptly, or over a long period of time.

Diabetes has become a widespread epidemic, primarily because of the increasing prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is an endocrine disease in which the body has either a shortage of insulin or a decrease ability to use insulin or both. Insulin is a hormone that allows glucose to enter the cells and be converted into energy. Diabetes can be characterized as a prevailing, incapacitating, and deadly disease. There are a number of risk factors that increase a person’s tendency toward developing type II diabetes. Modifiable risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity and poor dietary habits are just a few. The

Symptoms of Diabetes Type II include blurry vision and fatigue. Because the cells aren 't getting enough glucose, they cannot function properly. The patient might be thirsty and hungry constantly; however, they might also exhibit signs of "unexplained weight loss" (mayoclinic.com). Other signs and symptoms include frequent infections,

Diabetes is a condition, which causes the blood sugar of a person to become too high (Nhs, 2012). Type II diabetes is a long-term metabolic disorder that results from characterized high blood sugar, insulin resistance, or insulin deficiency (Elly, 2008). This type of diabetes differs from type I diabetes, which cause is quite unclear, but believed to result from genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. In type II diabetes, sugar accumulates in the bloodstream instead of being ferried by relevant body parts where it can be converted into energy

It is no secret that Diabetes type II is rapidly becoming a public health problem that is attacking epidemic proportions worldwide. In fact, according to an online article by the Washington post titled, “CDC Says Diabetes Numbers Increasing,” Author Stein, Rob claims that the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has estimated that as of the year 2012, approximately 26 million Americans were clinically diagnosed with type II diabetes. Not to be confused type I diabetes however. Type I diabetes is where the body is typically insulin-dependent as beta cells are constantly attacked and destroyed by the immune system. Type II diabetes on the other hand, is where the body, may or may not make enough insulin; a hormone that serves to regulate the movement of sugars into the cells, and if it does make enough insulin, the body tends to not respond to it properly. In other words, one suffering from type II diabetes does not convert sugar into energy, but rather stores it in their bloodstream. This has caused type II diabetes to be the most common form of its type. As a result, those who suffer from type II Diabetes normally result in extra body-fat, hypertension, and high cholesterol.

Type two diabetes mellitus or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is a disease state characterized by hyperglycemia or high levels of blood glucose. This can cause a variety of symptoms such as excessive urination or excessive thirst as the kidneys try to get rid of the excess sugar.. What distinguishes type two diabetes from type one diabetes is that a person with type two diabetes is not insulin dependent. Often times, there are decreased to normal levels of insulin detected in the bloodstream of humans with type two diabetes. The reason diabetes is developed is due to insulin insensitivity or a decrease in insulin production by the beta cells in the pancreas. Usually, patients with type two diabetes exhibit both insulin insensitivity and decreased insulin production. When the body does not react to insulin or when insulin levels are too low, sugar in the blood cannot be used effectively to create anabolic products such as glycogen, and it cannot be used as fuel because the glycolysis pathway is not activated. The high glucose levels that are then left in the bloodstream can cause blood to become very viscous and lead to many vascular diseases. If diabetes type 2 is not treated, then a number of problems arise such as numbing of the extremities, poor wound healing and decreased neurological function. Renal failure may also result as the kidney overworks itself to get rid of the excess sugar. Diabetes patients are also at risk of dehydration as they constantly

Special cells called beta cells located in the pancreas produce a hormone called insulin. The function of insulin is to transform blood sugar, also known as glucose, taken from foods consumed into energy. Insulin moves glucose into cells where it is stored for energy use. Type-two diabetes occurs when the body is incapable of utilizing insulin properly due to the failure of appropriate production from the pancreas. This failure, called insulin resistance, inhibits blood sugar from entering the cells throughout the body and turning it into energy. The glucose is not able to enter the cells, thus creating high levels of sugar in the blood. This elevated sugar levels in the blood is also known as hyperglycemia. In an overweight or obese body, it is harder to utilize insulin correctly due to the increased body fat. Although a normal weight person can develop diabetes, the chances are greater with increased fat in the midsection of the body. A malfunctioning liver, miscommunication between cells, and damaged beta cells could also lead to diabetes. Factors

The body is thus unable to use the glucose for energy. This leads to the symptoms of type 2 diabetes, such as fatigue, dehydratation, hyperglycemia, sight problems… Type 2 diabetes usually develops slowly over time; this is why it is called a progressive condition. Most people with the disease are overweight or obese when they are diagnosed. Increased fat makes it harder for the body to use insulin in a correct way. However, type 2 diabetes can also develop in people who are

When food reaches the digestive track, it transforms into glucose. That is a simple sugar. It is absorbed by the stomach and intestine and then it enters to the blood stream. When it is in the blood stream, the sugar level of our body rises. This gives signals to the pancreas, resulting in the liberation of the hormone called insulin. This hormone is very important because it helps glucose to reach important parts of the human body, such as the liver, muscles and adipose tissue or fat. It is also necessary because it helps to maintain sugar levels of our body. When the Pancreas does not produce insulin, the blood sugar level rises and glucose cannot reach the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. This defect is called diabetes. The international Expert Committee in their article “International Expert Committee Report On The A1c Assay In The Diagnosis Of Diabetes” states that “Diabetes is a disease characterized by abnormal metabolism, most notably hyperglycemia, and an associated heightened risk for relatively specific long-term complications

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease in which people have problems regulating their blood sugar.

In response to the attack, the b cells undergo cell apoptosis, reducing the quantity of insulin and therefore increasing blood glucose levels depending on how many beta cells have been destroyed. Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed at a young age, cannot be prevented and cannot be controlled without insulin supplements. Conversely, type 2 diabetes results from prolonged exposure to high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia >70mg/dl), which causes tissues to become resistant to insulin over time. Type 2 diabetes can occur because of genetics and poor diet/lifestyle. It is usually diagnosed later in life and can sometimes be reversed with appropriate lifestyle and dietary changes (i.e. exercise and healthy eating)[4]. Reduced levels of insulin mean that blood glucose increases past the set point. This is dangerous as it can cause damage to the eyes, kidneys, nerves, skin, heart, and blood vessels[5]. While diabetes is often associated with high blood glucose, a consequence of poor self-medication and impractical lifestyle habits can cause another, equally serious condition known as hypoglycemia (blood glucose <70mg/dl). Symptoms include hunger, shaking, nervousness, sweating, dizziness or light-headedness, sleepiness, confusion, difficulty speaking, anxiety, weakness[6]. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetics can take insulin to replenish loss/lack of their own b cell production, although this is more common in type 1