Disadvantages Of Agriculture

The National Agro-Food policy has incorporated strategies that are in line with the nutritional aspects of the food system. The programs implemented under the policy include increased food production through optimization and sustainable land, development and upgrading agriculture infrastructure and increase the quality and safety of food by expanding the compliance of standard. Efforts have also been taken to strengthen human capital and to ensure sufficient skill labor force in the agricultural sector. This includes the use of modern technology and mechanization to reduce the dependency of manpower. The government also provides sector-based incentives to encourage the private sector to invest in the agriculture and agro-based industry.

There is no doubt that urban agriculture has many benefits people who are living in urban area especially fixing the food insecurity problem. According to the USDA Economic Research Service (2016), food insecurity can happened when a household loss access to fresh foods due the lack in social and low economic. When the population of people concentrated in an area with bad economic situation increases, it will later affects the employment opportunities and food insecurity might be a critical issue. This is supported by a

Throughout time, humans have pushed forward in every aspect in life in order to improve their living standards, wealth and most importantly the agricultural sector which is the base of every human race. Food is the basic requirement for any individual to stay alive and healthy. In an article by Tamsin McMahon, she states that over the past 60 years, the world population has grown from 2.5 billion to 7 billion while world hunger dropped from 40% down to 15% (McMahon T., July 2012). This shows that our agricultural advances through technology have helped control world hunger and decrease it by more than half, but this is a short-term solution if we want to consider the future generations that depend on our current actions toward the three main pillars of agriculture which are: Health and nutrition, Economy and sustainability all while considering the local small farms and corporate farms.

One of the first of the constraints, rural areas, is a characteristic of almost all regions that have concentrated numbers of extremely poor people. In Africa, an estimated 75 percent of the extreme poor live in rural areas. Those who do live in rural areas have a very difficult time taking advantage of the trade opportunities that arose from global growth. The reason for this is producers in rural areas often lack access to access to critical services inputs, such as transportation, communication and financial services, electricity and safe water. In addition to this, the producers also have a difficult time paying for material inputs such as seeds and fertilizers. Ultimately, the producers have an extremely difficult challenge of getting their products to their final markets and end up experiencing high post-harvest losses which contribute to their

sector activities in the state. Sericulture industry requires low investment and it helps to earn higher

Looking at different development projects, the structure of these projects are categorized into different sectors, including agriculture, food security, infrastructure, healthcare, environment, water, sanitation, and democracy. Even though they have a shared goal, each sector has its technical approach to address a defined issue, and rarely communicates and coordinates between other sectors to solve a complex and interdependent problem. Its complexity is not defined by the technical aspect, which can be easily solved, but the implication of other sectors which shapes the outcomes of the project. The increase of the agricultural productivity aforementioned can be solved by improving the access of agricultural inputs, but the result is not sustainable if farmers have a difficulty to sell their products because the roads necessary to transport the products to the market are very bad or cannot be used during the rainy season. In addition, other aspects, such as cultural and political practices, also play their roles and shape the final results. Despite the mixed results observed, the silo approach still continue the norm to address a development problem.

The study employed independent t-test and chi-square test to make a comparison (to make sure the presence or absence of difference) between the participant and non-participant households. The mean values of continuous variables in the two categories were compared using independent t-test. The result of independent t-test pointed out the presence of a significant mean difference between the two categories in terms of age of household head, total household income, frequency of extension contact and distance to market. The result indicated that the mean age of participant households (44.73 years) was less than the non-participant households (48.59 years). The study also showed that those farmers who were participating in off-farm and non-farm activities had relatively better mean total income than non-participants. The mean value of total household income earned by those farmers who were engaged in off-farm and non-farm employment opportunities was Birr 17103.55, while it was birr 7628.77 for non-participant households. Furthermore, it also indicated that those households who were engaged in off-farm and non-farm employment income generating activities had less frequency of extension contact than those households who were not participants in off-farm and non-farm activities. The mean value of extension contact received by participant households was 12.35 contacts, while it was 17.38 for the non-participant household. Moreover, the finding of the study showed that the mean

While agriculture is pivotal to human survival, it has some very detrimental effects on the environment. Agricultural production is first and foremost an industry that directly depends on natural resources such as water, land and a multitude of plants and animals. The exponentially growing human population and ever changing consumption patterns have stimulated the evolution of agriculture from the traditional to a now modern, intensive system. (Natural Resources Management and Environment Department ) In the 20th century, the intensified agriculture began to affect the environment, decrease the food quality and treat animals badly. Farmers are now under great pressure to become more efficient to maximize their profits and production through more specialization and bigger machines. (Friesen) For example, in the past 7000 plant species were collected for food, however today we only use 15 plant species that supply us 90% of the global demand. (Walls) Nearly one third of the land on earth is used for agricultural purposes and when practiced without care, agriculture farming presents the greatest threat to species and ecosystems and the only way to reduce the negative impacts is to create sustainable agriculture operations.

A great deal of attention has been paid to the establishment of an efficient credit market in the rural areas of developing countries over past few decades. This has been motivated by the fact that widespread shortage of finance can act as critical barrier to agricultural growth and development in rural areas. Lack of supply of credit can make adoption of new production technologies unaffordable to the farmers and delay the growth in agricultural sector. Accessing formal credit has always been difficult for farmers as small or no collateral, inadequate foreclosure capability along with weak reinforcement arrangement in the rural areas of developing countries make them very much unattractive for commercial banks to engage in any lending activity. This absence of formal credit market led to the rise of informal credit markets in many developed countries. This was an attempt to reduce the borrowing constraint that the poor farmers face and to improve the their access to small loans and deposits. The whole movement got an institutional structure in the beginning of 1980’s when micro-lending institutions such as Grameen Bank from Bangladesh and IRB from Indonesia showed that providing small loans to the poor individuals in large scale can turn out to be a profitable venture. In contrary to the donor or government driven subsidized rural credit programs, these institutions designed a less costly and more efficient monitoring procedure to ensure repayments and

The objective of this essay is to discuss the how investments on agrarian settings affect the local people’s livelihood. Considering the agrarian question three ,thus the transformation

Agriculture has changed dramatically, especially since the end of World War II. Food and fibre productivity rose due to new technologies, mechanization, increased chemical use, specialization and government policies that favoured maximizing production. These changes allowed fewer farmers with reduced labour demands to produce the majority of the food and fibre.

Abstract: Agriculture produces an abundance of data in both public and private domains. This data can be used to gain profit in agriculture as well as in other fields like ecology, environment, and business. The problem with agriculture system is how to discover additional information (insight) from agriculture historical (precision) data to increase agriculture production and distribution system. So to increase production and distribution system we use big data approach. Big data analytics in agriculture application provide a new insight to give advance weather decisions, improve yield productivity and avoid unnecessary cost related to harvesting, use of pesticide and fertilizers. The framework is capable of handling unstructured data as well as structured data.

▪ Given the poverty situation in the region, the highest rate and depth of poverty is suffered by the population in rural areas. Impacting upon agriculture and rural areas improves both aspects of poverty.

Currently, access to farming credit relatively easy and credit schemes provided by the government has also been relatively large. But the main problem faced in terms of capital sources is actually the viability of a given credit scheme. Moreover, when the aspect of sustainability is focused on

The research and development community faces the challenge of sustaining livestock productivity in order both to improve rural livelihoods and secure environmental sustainability in the developing countries. Current understanding of livestock productivity is incomplete and, hence, the need to update existing knowledge and to assess the role of livestock farmers in bringing about a significant improvement to their livelihoods. In addition, there is a need to pay more attention to the relative contributions of livestock farmers to the different sources of their livelihood and the way in which these vary between households, the extent to which people are