Early Childhood Behavioral Therapy Essay

Sensory integration is a condition that can be found in young children. This condition is defined as the difficulty of developing motor and cognitive skills at a typical rate(book). If the parent of a child with this condition is fully aware, most likely they will take the steps they need to better their child’s life. With that being said, the child will need an occupational therapist. The researcher has gathered information on the steps and guidelines of what an occupational therapist needs to follow for early intervention, the benefits it has for the child in need, and also the roles of an occupational therapist that will be further discussed. One of the most important role that an occupational therapist can do for a child with sensory integration is early intervention. The earlier you acknowledge the condition, the better outcome the child has at improving his/her physical and mental capabilities. Early intervention helps these children strive towards a path that improves their abilities and skills that are developed during these crucial years.

It is sometimes difficult to determine whether a child truly meets the criteria for having an ODD diagnosis because many of the behavioral qualifications are commonly seen among youth in early childhood and adolescence. If a child’s behaviors consistently cause distress to the family system and have an effect on his or her social and educational functioning, further evaluation is appropriate. ODD has been linked to many other comorbid disorders, such as anxiety; depression; and, most commonly, attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (Erford, Paul, Oncken & Kress, 2014).

There is an array of negative behaviors associated with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). These include poor temperament, argumentative and vindictive attitudes. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition or

In it's simplest form, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, (or CBT as it will be referred to from here on out), refers to the approach of changing dysfunctional behaviors and thoughts to realistic and healthy ones. CBT encompasses several types of therapy focusing on the impact of an individual's thinking as it relates to expressed behaviors. Such models include rational emotive therapy (RET), rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT), behavior therapy (BT), Rational Behavior Therapy (RBT), Schema Focused Therapy, Cognitive therapy (CT). Most recently a few other variations have been linked to CBT such as acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), dialectic behavioral therapy (DBT), and

The prevalence of ODD is unknown among children with mental health disorders in fact, it is estimated to be around 2 through 12 percent since it is hard to distinguish between other disorders and ODD (Austin & Sciarra, 2010). Similar to ADHD, and autism ODD may be paired with other mental health disorders (Austin & Sciarra, 2010). For instance, I have a student in my class that have been diagnosed with both ADHD and ODD similar to Joe; he has been known to be extremely disrespectful toward authority in cases such as that it is important to put into place strategies to address both disorders. Since it is hard to distinguish between ODD and other disorders it is important for educators to know the risk factors of ODD. In the study “Risk Factors for Conduct Disorder and Oppositional/Defiant Disorder: Evidence from a New Zealand Birth Cohort” researcher identified several risk facts for ODD. Researchers have found that a combination of genetics, biological and psychosocial factor contributes to an ODD diagnosis (Boden, Fergusson, & Horwood, 2010). For example, it has been

According to Action (2007) children with oppositional defiant disorder and attention deficit disorder exhibit more aggression and are more likely to do poor academically. Barkoukis, Dombeck & Reiss (2008) believe that conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder share symptoms. Children exhibit similar behaviors such as being irritable and lacking social skills. The only difference between the two disorders is that conduct disorder exhibits more destructive behaviors whereas ODD does not. ODD is not as severe as conduct disorder. Conduct disorder does not have the emotional component, such as being angry and irritable that ODD carries with it (APA, 2013). Although intermittent explosive disorder is associated with a lot of anger, the disorder also displays an aggressive side that is not a part of how ODD is defined (APA, 2013). Typically with ADHD a child has an inability to sit still for a very long period of time. In order for ODD to be comorbid with ADHD the child’s need to not do what is told by an authority figure should not be in the context of how the child keeps their attention or having the child remain still (APA, 2013). Boys typically display features of

Children diagnosed with ODD often have other underlying mental health conditions such as ADD and ADHD. Later in life the child is at greater risk of developing other mental illnesses such as bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, conduct disorder (CD), and antisocial personality disorder

Why it is difficult for researchers to isolate specific causes of child behaviour - using two of your own examples. How is the term “correlation” a solution to this problem?

It is important to not mix emotion in with the behaviors, as it might make the child react even worse. When discussing adolescent behaviors, it is important for psychiatrists or doctors to note every symptom observed. The child's behavior just might be something that has no fault in the parents. "Behavior disorders can vary in children. In 2011, approximately 16% of children had a behavior disorder. Behavior disorders can be cases of ADHD (attention deficit hyperactive disorder), ODD (oppositional defiant disorder), or various forms of autism. When dealing with a behavior disorder, it is important to know how to handle each disorder and to not make the child feel incompetent. The result of making a child feel like less than what they are, can be detrimental to their development and

Pediatric occupational therapy is designed to help children that suffer from physical, sensory, or cognitive disabilities. The skills learned in this type of therapy allow children to develop healthy habits, which will help them live happier and more independently. Depending on the specific needs of your child, your child may undergo a variety of different therapies. Some of the more common types of pediatric occupational therapy include:

Most contemporary psychological treatment approaches are predecessors of the ancient and medieval philosophies and theories. Cognitive behavioural therapy as one of the modern treatment method in not an independently formed treatment, different theories have contributed to its present shape and application.

Some of the current view on ODD is that it develops due to ineffective parenting practices. Meaning that the parent of the child does not have the proper skill to raise the child properly. If the child continues to be defiant the child will most likely develop a pattern, this could lead to the child being diagnosed with ODD. If the parent takes the child to get treatment before it starts to escalate they will hopefully be able to change the child’s ways so that they will be able to improve their life (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2015)

“Play is developmentally appropriate for primary-age children and can provide them with opportunities that enrich the learning experience” (Copple & Bredekamp 2009). Early childhood education holds two main focuses; a child-based focus and a family-based focus. Early childhood education has positive outcomes on the child through their learning experiences, and their growth and development. Based on the family, the results of early education happen through the communication that the family has with the educators and by the encouragement they get from within themselves, and also from the educators.

Companies expect their employees to do good work efficiently. When issues arise from within the work environment, it prevents productivity and work satisfaction amongst employees. At the organization I am a part of it is considered a helping profession and people either do work in the office or out in the field by providing services. However, when you need to get something done, people do not seem to accomplish tasks at work because of the lack of support or the distractions that occur. There are three main issues that occur in my job, surrounding the lack of efficient communication, guidance and expectations of managers, and scheduling conflicts. Through analyzing these issues a specific job may be created to help solve these problems that affect this work environment.

Under each cone is a car. Two cars are blue and the other car is