Defining Rural Areas for Statistical Purposes
The vagaries around the rural concept must yield to an objective form in order to have consistent measurement. Since this chapter draws primarily on data from the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), their definition of rural is consistent and convenient. Since 2006, NCES has used the same “urban-centric” locale definitions used by the US Census Bureau. Fittingly, under this urban-centric definition, rural areas include all those located outside of places the Census calls “urban.”
The urban umbrella term includes three locales: cities, suburbs, and towns. Each of these is broken into three subtypes: large, midsize, and small. City locales include territories within an urbanized
…show more content…
For this reason, this chapter uses the entire rural locale instead of rural sublevels. One wrinkle in NCES’s classification system is that while every school can be specifically accounted for as belonging to one locale, school districts can include schools from different locale classifications. For example, a district classified as “suburban” might include a number of individual schools that are classified as “rural.” Despite the partial mismatch between the locale of some schools and the districts they belong to, there are valuable reasons to compare school districts by their predominant locale. For instance, districts, rather than schools, are the ones that often deal with issues like transportation or providing opportunities for advanced course taking, which pose unique challenges in rural areas. In order to compare districts by locale, the chapter uses NCES district categorizations which assign a locale based on the predominant locale the district’s schools.
Of course, this classification system groups together a large number of schools into each locale category that are far from homogeneous. To illustrate differences between locales and across rural areas, select data points are broken out by locale
In William Cronon’s book Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England, he discuses the ecological history of New England from the late sixteenth century to the early nineteenth century. He demonstrates how the New Englanders changed the land by illustrating the process of the change in the landscape and the environment. In the Preface Cronon states, “My thesis is simple: the shift from Indian to European dominance in New England entailed important changes—well known to historians—in the ways these people organized their lives, but it also involved fundamental reorganizations—less well-known to historians—in the region's plant
Our Town is a play that takes place near the turn of the century in the small rural town of Grover’s Corners, New Hampshire. The playwright, Thornton Wilder is trying to convey the importance of the little, often unnoticed things in life. Throughout the first two acts he builds a scenario, which allows the third act to show that we as humans often run through life oblivious to what is actually happening. Wilder attempts to show life as something that we take for granted. We do not realize the true value of living until we are dead and gone. The through-line of the action seems to be attention to the details of life. Wilder builds up a plot that pays attention to great details of living.
Geography played a huge part in my experience with K-12 education. In the study titled, The Geography of Inequality: Why Separate Means Unequal in American Public Schools (2012), Logan, Minca, and Adar noted that inequalities of performance between schools that have a majority of minority groups and found connections between the performance of school when looking through the lens of race and ethnicity. Key findings included that African American, Hispanic, and Native American students were most likely to attend a school that averages between the 35th-40th percentile (Logan, Minca, Adar 2012). Three types of high poverty schools were outlined; location in city center, majority African American and mixed location, and majority Hispanic (Logan et al., 2012). The school district that I attended for my K-12 education experience was nearly 95% white, located in the suburbs, and had low poverty. My education experience directly counters the education experience that my student engage in on a daily basis. This has created an internal motivation to
“When we can predict how well students will do in school by looking at their zip code, we know we have a serious systemic problem” (Gloria Ladson-Billings 20). When we are able to forecast how a child will perform by where the child resides, then how can we say that every child is receiving quality education. The unsuccessful educational system infused into the United States is affecting the majority of minorities. In the United States students due to their race and social class, suffer from underfunded public schools, inexperienced teachers, and housing segregation, which in turn inhibit their opportunity to succeed through education. These difficulties plaque students from the very beginning of their public school experience and follow them throughout their academic life. There are a few solutions to these issues but they have to be implemented and enforced with a slow integration.
From 1880-1906, western farmers were affected by multiple issues that they saw as threats to their way of life. The main threats to the farmers were railroads, trusts, and the government, because these institutions all had the power to drastically affect the ability of the farmers to make profits. Therefore, the farmers were not wrong to feel frustration toward those institutions when the institutions caused the farmers to live lives of increasingly extreme poverty.
The gap between the nation’s best and worst public schools continues to grow. Our country is based on freedom and equality for all, yet in practice and in the spectrum of education this is rarely the case. We do not even have to step further than our own city and its public school system, which many media outlets have labeled “dysfunctional” and “in shambles.” At the same time, Montgomery County, located just northwest of the District in suburban Maryland, stands as one of the top school systems in the country. Within each of these systems, there are schools that excel and there are schools that consistently measure below average. Money alone can not erase this gap. While
With this information, a region of schools can compare their results and figure out how well a region is doing in comparison to other regions. However, this is not completely valid due to the difference in assessment in each region. Therefore, they cannot be accurately compared to other regions because of this difference. (Costa and Kallick, 1995)
Opioid abuse, cardiometabolic diseases, and diseases of lifestyle and social fabric are few of the health problems that are predominant in the southeast region of the country. Tennessee is in the lowest 25th quartile in the overall health performance among the low-income population in the southeast region. Hence, there is a need to address specifically, socioeconomic determinants in tackling these problems. These socioeconomic determinants are usually referred to as the causes of the causes of the diseases.
Where I live of zip cord is 75243 and Texas State Senate District is 8 named Senator Van Taylor. Population in my zip cord area is total population is 848,993, 0 to 4 years is 59,012, 5 to 17 years is 171,606, 18 to 64 years is 541,011 and 65 years and over is 77,364. People who does not speak English well or at all are 42,659 people. In Education, population age 3 and over enrolled in school is 247,282, in preschool (public and private) is 17,545, in kindergarten, elementary, middle, or high school (public and private) is 170,980. In preschool through 12th grade (public only) is 164,980. In college, graduate, or professional school is 58,757. People who
Rural health professionals represent a diverse set of individuals seeking to meet the main goals of public health. Their desire to promote health and prevent disease is blocked by many barriers, due to the geographical position of their target population; yet they still persevere to serve their specified communities. Approximately twenty percent of America is rural, and rural counties are more likely to report fair to poor health. This particular population cannot be compared to its urban counterparts due the sheer amount of obstacles health care providers and patients face. Rural Americans are shaped by geography and tradition which creates a combination of factors that create disparities.
When comparing the counties we must also consider educational levels, racial diversity, and previous political climates. I
According to the United States Census Bureau (2017) rural is explained as a delineation of geographical areas identified by urban clusters of at least 2,500 people and less than 50,000 or urbanized areas of
A study conducted by Miller, Rainie, Purcell, Mitchell, & Rosenstiel (2012), for the Pew Research Center, evaluated different community types—including urban, suburban, small town and rural communities—on various measures, including education levels, income levels and racial and ethnic makeup of their populations. What was found in regard to the differences between these communities was that suburban areas, in comparison to urban areas, have higher income and education levels. Large cities, or urban areas, were found to have one of the highest rates (35% of the population) of income levels below
Let’s first define what are suburban, rural, and urban areas. A suburban school as opposed to an urban is a school that exists in the outer suburbs of a city. It is usually characterized by its population of middle-class white majority students whose parents have moved from the inner city areas in generations past to find open spaces or to get away from the crime ridden streets. A suburban school is still administered by the school district it is in, but because of the middle-class suburb that surrounds the school, it will generally reflect the affluence of its community.
Way of life differs when people live in different places. No doubt that people lifestyle will be influenced by the society and surrounding environment where they live in. City life and countryside life are obviously very different in several ways, such as population, environment, and utilities.