Estimating Glucose Concentration in Solution

Create a control group by testing the three reagents in distilled water. Fill three tubes one centimeter of the length with distilled water. With a permanent marker, label the test tubes according to which reagent will be used. In order to test for sugars, preheat a beaker that is three-fourths full of tap water and bring the water to a boil. In the first test tube, drop five drops of biuret reagent to test for protein, in the second, drop five drops of iodine to test for starches, and in the third, drop five drops of Benedict’s reagent to test for sugars. Using a tube grabber, place only Benedict’s reagent test tube in the boiling water for a total time of three minutes. Using the tube grabber, carefully remove the Benedict’s reagent tube from the boiling water and record the color of all 3 liquids in the test tubes. Place the tubes in the

• Serially dilute the 4 mg/ml solution with buffer A to make working solutions of 400 µg/ml and 40 µg/ml.

Discard the solution in the appropriate container as directed to you by your lab instructor.

Once enough drops have been added so that a persistent brown/pink color remains, stop adding KMnO₄ and record the new volume of the syringe.

3. Measure 2g of sugar into a medicine cup with a scoopula, and pour the cup into the beaker of water.

Type two diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by the body’s inability to regulate glucose in the bloodstream. This disease affects millions and can lead to other chronic illnesses and eventually death. An experiment was done to determine the blood glucose of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals over two hours following a meal. A spectrophotometer was used to detect the light absorbency of solutions that represented non-diabetic and diabetic blood, taken right before a meal and thirty minutes, sixty minutes, ninety minutes, and one-hundred-twenty minutes after a meal was eaten. A higher light absorbency indicated a higher blood glucose concentration and a lower light absorbency indicated a lower blood glucose concentration. The diabetic blood samples were found to have higher absorbencies than the non-diabetic blood samples. Those high absorbencies, which also represent high concentrations of glucose, appeared to remain elevated for a longer period of time in diabetics rather than non-diabetics, and it took a much longer time for the blood glucose levels to return to normal in diabetics, still elevated after even two hours. This excess glucose in the blood stream ultimately leads to dozens of other, chronic health problems, but the disease can be prevented or even cured with proper treatment, education, and lifestyle

Then 50 ml beaker with the glucose and starch mixture was also tested for glucose with a glucose strip. The dialysis tube was then clipped on one end and opened on the other end. The 15 ml of glucose and starch mixture was then poured into the dialysis tube with a pipette. The dialysis tube was then twisted and clipped on the unclipped end of the tube. The mass of the tube was then measured by a quadruple beam balance. The tube was then rinsed in the sink and blotted dry by a paper towel to clean the tube in case some of the glucose accidentally spilled out of the tube. The tube was then placed into the 250 ml beaker and left there to sit for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, the 250 ml beaker was then tested for glucose with a glucose test strip and so was the contents inside of the tube. All observations and results were recorded in the chart below the procedure. Such observations listed were things like color change in the solutions, mass changes in the dialysis tubing, and what the glucose strips would indicate about the solution

Solution was mixed thoroughly using a stirring

Glucose is oxidized, as we can see there is no longer any H attached to the carbon and oxygen. It loses electrons therefore is being oxidized.

Step 1: I Put 5 drops of 2 different solutions in the first spot and waited for the mixture to settle and then recorded the reaction or color of the mixed liquid before moving on to the next solution

Pipette 10 mL yeast suspension into each of 7 large diameter test tubes. Cap the tube with the rubber stopper and pipette. Make a documentation of the starting point of the solution in the pipette. Next, add a volume of each different sugar solution, glucose, fructose, lactose, galactose, sucrose, and honey to one of the six test tubes, sufficient to nearly fill the tube, approximately ¼ inch below the rim of the tube. The seventh tube was filled with distilled water.

Glucose is a form of energy derived from carbohydrates. All living organisms requires energy to live and thrive. When glucose is ingested it is transported through the circulatory system by the various tissues and organs. This glucose will be used by the muscular and nervous system to complete day to day task. If the body is not in need of glucose it will be stored in the form of glycogen for a later date. The entire process starts with carbohydrates, for this paper we will be tracing the path of glucose starting with ingestion to the planter surface of the right foot. The glucose we are ingesting starts for example as a slice of pizza.

The retort stand and clamp were used to suspend the tubing and funnel in the beaker with distilled water (see diagram) 6. The glucose level was accurately marked with a marking pen on the funnel. The glucose level was not to be disturbed during this process. 7. A glucose test strip was used to test for any glucose in the water.

Monitoring levels of blood glucose is the best approach in keeping control of the disease. Keeping records of glucose levels helps to keep track of blood glucose changes due to diet, medication, exercise, and helps to make needed adjustments. Diabetes can be self monitored using a glucose meter. The glucose meter consist on a lancet to get fingertip blood, test strip, and a glucose meter. Many different glucose meters are available and all need a blood sample in order to measure glucose levels. Difference between devices are: size of display panel, size of monitor, different brands, some are able to read out loud the results, and can even allow to test on a different body area besides the fingertip. A urine test is not as accurate as a blood test, because it does not measure levels of glucose. However, urine test is best to check for ketones.

The higher the glucose concentration the shorter the time taken for the potassium permanganate to decolourise from purple to colourless.