The main goal of this lab was to keep adding sodium chloride to distilled water to get the conductivity of the water to level 4 on the conductivity level chart. Distilled water without salt, also known as sodium chloride has a 0 conductivity level, but adding salt will increase the conductivity. I tested the conductivity of salt and distilled water to determine how conductive they are without combining. I added 0.2 g of salt each time to determine exactly when the conductivity level changes. The more salt added would lead to being the distilled water to be more conductive. After adding 0.2 g each time eventually I added 1.2 g of salt total and reached conductivity level 4 using the conductivity meter. Later in this lab I took compounds of Na3PO4, AgNO3, Na2CO3 NaOH, Pb(NO3)2, FeCl3, and NaCl, which are all liquids at room temperature. I then …show more content…
Methods Part 1 Materials: Goggles, 2 small beakers, conductivity meter, salt, distilled water, stir rod, balance Step 1: I filled 1 beaker with 250 ml of distilled water and tested the conductivity with the conductivity meter Step 2: I tested the conductivity of a small amount of sodium chloride (salt) Step 3: I added 0.2g of sodium chloride to the distilled water and stirred it then tested the conductivity of the solution Step 4: I kept adding 0.2g of sodium chloride until the solution reached level 4 on the back of the conductivity meter Part 2 Materials: Goggles, spot plate, solutions of Na3PO4, AgNO3, Na2CO3 NaOH, Pb(NO3)2, FeCl3, NaCl, stir rod Step 1: I Put 5 drops of 2 different solutions in the first spot and waited for the mixture to settle and then recorded the reaction or color of the mixed liquid before moving on to the next solution Step 2: I repeated step 1 for the following 11 spots so there are 4 rows and 3 columns Step 3: I used a stir rod to determine if the mixed solutions are a precipitate or a non precipitate depending on what forms (liquid or solid) based on the mixture after all mixtures
Then in the last test tube fill it up with 5ml of sodium sulphate. Then after that carefully pour the sodium carbonate solution into the test tube labelled copper chloride solution examining the result and recording appropriately.
Then added 5.00g of CuCl₂ ●H₂O into the distilled water. Stirred to dissolve the mixture
The mixture was heated at 120°C using an aluminum block and was stirred gently. After all of the solid dissolved, it was heated for 20 additional minutes to ensure the reaction was complete.
1.) Transfer the distillate to separatory funnel. Fluid didn’t seem very clear but sufficient to finish our lab on time.
1. Using the information provided in the Introduction and your observations from Part 1, hypothesize as to the type of electrolyte the following solutions would be. Justify the hypothesis from a chemical standpoint.
b) Spray a small amount of distilled water on the electrical leads of the conductivity apparatus. Insert the electrical leads of the conductivity apparatus into the beaker.
The next step in this lab is to rinse the Erlenmeyer flask with distilled water down the drain and then repeat the experiment, this time adding 10 ml of 0.10M KI and 10 ml of distilled water to the flask instead. The flask should again be swirling to allow the solution to succumb to the same temperature as the water bath and once it has reached the same temperature, 10 ml of 3% H2O2 must then be added and a stopper must be immediately placed on the flask and recording should then begin for experiment two. After recording the times, the Erlenmeyer flask must then be rinsed again with distilled water down the drain. After rinsing the flask, the last part of the lab can now be performed. Experiment three is performed the same way, but instead, 20 ml of 0.10 ml M KI and 5 ml of distilled water will be added and after the swirling of the flask, 5 ml of 3% H2O2 will be added. After the times have been recorded, data collection should now be complete.
Repeat steps 4–6 but this time test the solution without oxygen by making the following changes:
* First, combine 10.0 mL of the Ba(OH)2 solution with 50 mL of distilled water. Then, measure out 60 mL of 0.100 M H2SO4. Set up a conductivity probe and open programs by connecting to logger pro. After that, start to titrate with increments of 1.0 mL. Keep titrating with smaller increments until it is pretty close to the 100 microsiemens/cm mark.
Distilled water, 0.05M C2H602, and 0.05M CH3OH are all nonelectrolytes because of their low conductivity readings. 0.05M NH3, 0.05M CH3COOH, and tap water are all weak electrolytes because they are in the middle range of the data between the nonelectrolytes and the strong electrolytes. This leaves 0.05M KBr and 0.05M HCl as the strong electrolytes as their readings were much higher in conductivity than the other solutions tested in part A of the experiment. When comparing all the tables we can also see why distilled water was used as our control in the experiment.
Assign one member of the group to gently stir solution with a thermometer (See figure 2)
Let the set-up stand for 15 minutes until the temperature stabilizes. 4. Pour about 5 ml of 0.1 M KNO3 into the center well. Pour about 5 ml of 0.50 M ZnSO4 into well #1 and about 5 ml of 0.50 M CuSO4 into well #2. 5. With clean tweezers, take a s trip of filter paper and dip one end into the central well (where immersion in the KNO3 solution will hold one end); dip the other end into well #1. Repeat this procedure with another strip of filter paper, dipping the other end into well #2. This creates the salt bridge for your galvanic cell. 6. With clean tweezers take a zinc metal strip and sand it (on a piece of paper so as not to scratch the table top) to remove any oxide coating. Bend 2 cm of one end of the ªS trip and immerse it in the ZnSO4 solution (well #1). The rest of the metal strip (3cm) extends out to the edge of the cell and should be bent over the rim. Repeat the same procedure with the copper metal strip and place it in well #2. Later the electrical leads (alligator clips ) from the interface will be attached to the metal strips. 7. Fasten your temperature probe to the ring stand with a clamp and adjust the temperature probe such that its tip can be immersed in the central well (KNO3 solution) of the cell. It is assumed that the temperature of the ZnSO4 solution and CuSO4 solution will be very close to the temperature of the KNO3 solution throughout the experiment. 8. Start the computer program to
4. Remelt the contents of the tube and add the counterpart component based on the given schedule. Ask the demonstrator to adjust the cooling water between mixtures. During the experiment, record and plot the data obtained for all mixtures listed. The experiments are stopped as follows:
Step 1 and 2 was repeated by using distilled water by replacing the test solution.
Record the voltage displayed by the meter. Repeat this 10 times to show ten trials.