ABSTRACT
This paper is about the evolution of Object-oriented technology in software design and implementation and its role in current market for developing web based products or server side scripting. Many Object-oriented languages have come in market but among them companies prefer to use open source OO languages such as Java, C++, C# .NET, and Visual Basic .NET etc. The demand for these languages has increased because the cost of licensing is very less or nothing. As these languages are open source, it easy to find relevant libraries and source code for the developers while developing a product. The cost of the infrastructure such as development IDE’s or testing tools are also minimal or available for free. Hence all these factors
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Many programming languages, office information systems, system simulation and artificial intelligence have adopted object-oriented technology. It is an assumption that learning specific development method or a set of tools.
HISTORY OF SIMULA AND SMALLTALK
Simula:
The theory of objects in the Simula 67 was introduced by the discrete event simulation which was the outcome of the formal programming language, designed in 1960’s, created by Kristen Niggard has and Ole-Johan Dahl of Norwegian Computing Center (NCC) in Oslo. Simula 67 has been influenced by the C.A.R. and SIMSCRIPT. “Tony” Hoare’s proposed the Record classes. As part of the explicit programming model the Classes and objects or their instances were presented in Simula. The Automatic Garbage collection concept that was created earlier for the functional programming language Lisp was used by Simula. For the study and improvement of ship movements and the contents on them via cargo ports, Simula was utilized for creating the physical model of ships and the content that they carried. Many languages were influenced by Simula 67 such as derivatives of LISP (CLOS), Smalltalk, Pascal, and C++ Object.
The Smalltalk language:
Smalltalk was developed at Xerox PARC by Alan Kay and others in the 1970s. The term object-oriented programming was introduced to represent the extensive use of objects
Java was designed at the Sun Microsystems in 1992 by James Gosling and the Green Team, these individuals designed an operating system with an independent processor, object oriented programming language which is the leading interactive environment used on the web. This open source software are used on a variety of devices, music players, automobiles, cells, and smart phones. Java has changed the computer environment because the developers designed it to operate on any computing devices regardless of the specific microprocessor or the operating system it is installed on (Laudon, 2014).
Grace Hopper in 1953, develops the first computer language, which eventually becomes known as COBOL. Inventor Thomas Johnson Watson, Jr., son of IBM CEO, he invents the
“During the object-oriented analysis (OOA) phase object-modeling techniques are used to analyze the functional requirements for a system and create models which reflect the logical design of the system. During the object-oriented design (OOD) phase of the system, models are elaborated upon to include implementation specific details that show how the physical design of the system will come together. OOA focuses on what the system does (its static structure and behavior), OOD on how the system does it (its run-time implementation).”
Object-Oriented interactive development environments have been chosen as the Software Development Tool for the software of the Frequent Shopper Program. The reason being is this tools shows software through pictures, object modeling, and graphical form which are the developers favorite because it permits the developer to create objects, which can provide future support.
This paper will discuss the difference between procedural modules and object-oriented methods. How both methods work and some of the pro
As demands keep on changing and new technologies arrive, the knowledge of vast numbers of platforms and programming languages is also required. With adequate knowledge I will be able to give new ideas on which programming platform and programming language to use so as to provide improved IT systems and solutions.
him to create a more powerful language similar to C with high level features for organization. The design
Object Oriented is refers to a computer programming that defines the data of data structure and the types of functions that can be applied to the data structure.
Now, we will look into what Object Oriented Programming is. Before that we must first understand what an object is, because that is what the entire programming method is based on. An object is something which has a defined state and characteristics of its own. This concept was taken from the real world scenario, where each object we see has those two states. An example would be a cup, it has a height, it has a purpose and it has a specific volume which it can hold. The shape of the cup can also be taken into consideration. In software programming, the object is worked upon by use of methods. The methods are what help two or multiple objects communicate with each other (“Object Oriented Programming”). Thus we can now say, Object oriented programming works on “objects” instead of working directly on the actions as in case of Procedural programming. Although, indirectly we are working on their actions because that is what makes the entire program work. Objects once defined can be used infinite times in a program and we do not have to define them. Thus, object oriented programming focusses more on getting the logic of the program right instead of spending several lines of code trying to get the data definitions right. The most commonly used Object oriented programming languages are Java, C#, PHP and Visual basic designed for .NET framework. An example of PHP object oriented programming would help us understand the actual programming
In Object-orientated approach methodology, a system is viewed as an object (Govardhan & Munassa: 71). This approach intergrades data and processes into objects. It emphasizes the construction and testing of object models. This technique uses UML diagrams such as Communication Diagrams, which show the relationship between objects, Development Diagrams which show how a complete system will be deployed on one or more machines, the Class Diagram and Sequence Diagram.
Programming languages are vast and diverse in their numbers. These different languages use fundamental styles of programming called programming paradigms. These programming paradigms layout the particular design approach that a program will use to solve a problem or achieve an objective. Of the many different types of programming paradigms, some of the more distinguished ones are procedural, functional, logical, and object orientated programming. Recently the object orientated languages have been rising in popularity due to their ability to easily implement large programs. There are many different object orientated programming languages (OOPLs), among them are C#, Java, Ruby, and Python. This essay will compare and contrast two of these languages: Python and Java.
Object-oriented programming is a programming language model organized around objects. And it represents the concept of object that has data fields. The Object-oriented programming is a type of language that is oriented around objects. They do not base their action on the logic that manipulate the object, but on object.
b) Define Object modeling – It is defined as the properties of an object in some computer programming language or technology that uses them. Specific words of the programs can be examined by this.
The rapid evolution in computer systems - both at hardware & software levels has allowed us to develop complex applications composed of millions of lines of code. This increase in complexity of software has necessitated that software developers ensure programs be of high quality, be developed within time & meet its specification. It was during college that I developed an interest in Software Engineering as a scientific discipline of developing applications. I became aware of the different software development methodologies and the various stages in
Object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects rather than algorithms, this may contain data in the form of fields. it aims to incorporate the advantages of modularity and