The Four Frames

Bolman & Deal suggest that leaders display leadership behaviors in one of four types of frameworks: Structural, Human Resources, Political and Symbolic (Bolman & Deal, 2008). Unlike the other four frames, the Symbolic frame sees an organizational life an ongoing drama: individuals coming together to create context, culture, and meaning as they play their assigned roles and bring artistry and self-expression to their work (Schein, 2004). It is important for leaders who utilize the Symbolic leadership that what he or she does is important. The manager then has to relay this vision to the employees instilling in them that their work and the work of the organization is important and meaningful. Symbolic frame is important to every organization because it takes into account the traditions, ceremonies and rituals that make the company unique from other companies or departments within the organization itself.

According to Bolman and Deal, the core premise of the structural lens is defined as “Clear, well-understood goals, roles, and relationships and adequate coordination are essential to performance” (pg. 44). In an organization, structure is of vital importance, it lays a sturdy foundation which serves to decrease confusion and inefficiency amongst individuals of the organization. The core premise emphasizes that in order for an organization to reach its full potential, goals need to comprehended, appropriate roles need to be assigned to individuals and good management are imperative in bringing together an organization and increasing proficiency, in order to achieve established goals. Structure in an organization serves as the framework, where

Leadership can be defined as the process of identifying a goal, motivating others, and make them to achieve the mutually goals (Giltinane, 2013). According to Humphreys (2002), successful leaders do this by applying their leadership knowledge and skills. A good leadership is not only good at management, but also use different leadership styles in different situations. A successful corporation must has a good leader who have the flexible ability which can provide a suitable leadership to make the company successful. Furthermore, there have no perfect leadership styles in the world. Different leader have different leadership styles which also have the different strengths and weaknesses (Ali & Waqar, 2013). Leaders need to consider

“People ask the difference between a leader and a boss. The leader leads and the boss drives”- Theodore Roosevelt. What does it mean to be a leader? What defines a good leader? History has taught us many things about leadership. Good Leadership can be the difference between winning a war and losing a war. Even in everyday life, a good leader is capable of achieving much greater things than a normal person. But leadership is a powerful tool that can be used both for the good of mankind and its downfall.

All the frames discussed in the book help to make a good leader. Attributes of a good leader

Every person has a different definition of what makes a leader. Some feel a leader is inspirational, while others regard leadership as someone who can give criticism and make the tough decisions. Each definition is unique, and each is vague. This is why the definitions of leadership people use aren’t always accurate. Bolman and Deal, however, do an excellent job of presenting four frames of leadership people use to successfully—or unsuccessfully—support and lead a group of people. The four frames presented by the authors are: human resource, symbolic, structural, and political. The human resource frame is used by leaders to empathize with their followers, the symbolic frame is used to inspire and unite followers around a vision, the structural frame is used to emphasize the importance of a process, and the political frame establishes competition and focuses on creating allies.

Leadership and management serve distinct purposes with certain overlaps. The transformational style manager is focused on maintaining the vision, reducing the resistance to change, and implementation of

‘an adaptation from the work of John Maxwell & the leadership skills of Darek Nowakowski”

Transformational leadership needs to be fostered at all levels in the firm. In order to succeed, the firm needs to have the flexibility to forecast and meet new demands and changes as they occur —and only transformational leadership can enable the firm to do so (Bass, 1990, p. 31).

Structural Leaders. They focus on rationality, analysis, logic, facts, and the data. They believe in the importance of clear structure and well-developed management systems (Leadership Orientations

Though the theories of leadership glorify factors, such as personal significance, timing, special skills, responsiveness, or power, as the qualities of a leader, I believe that neither of those factors are as essential as being personable. I believe being personable is the greatest determinant since a leadership position requires public speaking, either in the form of one-to-one conversations or to an audience. I believe that a leader should create an impression that will motivate and inspire others. Therefore, they should be able to create an impressive and enduring impression. Leaders should speak to others in a way that is respectful, friendly, and relatable. If they are unable to do so, then no matter how powerful or significant the individual, not a single person will follow, admire, or respect them.

Presently, I am the type of leader whose cognitive preference dictates a need for moderate levels of structure when working on a team. I am more of an adaptor than innovator. It is not to say I am incapable of

In my early elementary classroom narrative reading comprehension will be taught using great examples I found in the textbook. One example, Telling Tales is a prereading discussion activity in which students make predictions about the events in a text by drawing inferences from the visual elements (Cooter and Reutzel, 2015. P.261). Students will look at the pictures in the book and make predictions on what they think the book is about. After reading the book students can then determine if their predictions were right or wrong. Another activity from the text book is Three-Step Frames. It is a visual activity that can be completed before or after reading and students working in pairs or small groups create a series of three pictures to retell

There are several leadership theories, a great one being transformational leadership. If a transformational leader was faced with changing the status quo, they would always find a resolution and lead those under them in the same directions (Changing Minds, 2016). A transformational leader may not have a detailed plan set in stone but he/she knows what direction to go in (Changing Minds, 2016). In order to gain followers, “the transformational leader has to be very careful in creating trust, and their personal integrity is a critical part of the package that they are selling” (Changing Minds, 2016, para. 4).

Effective leadership is a key enabler as it provides the vision and the rationale for change. Different styles of leadership have been identified, for example coercive, directive, consultative and collaborative. These different styles may each be appropriate depending on the type and scale of change being undertaken. For example, when there is a large-scale organisation-wide change a directive style has been identified as most effective.