Funding Infertility Treatment: The Impact of New Public Management.

The fertility rate is an important factor when evaluating the health of the public. Despite the United States having one of the best healthcare systems in the world, approximately 13% of women between the age of 18 & 44 have trouble conceiving. Although the US has implemented the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, a landmark policy, assisting millions of Americans in obtaining health insurance, unless altered, the policy could hurt the 3 out of 20 women who struggle with infertility. After evaluating the core essential benefits of the Affordable Care Act, the views of stakeholders, and the state mandates, an easy solution can be established to assist those suffering from impaired fecundity.

“Jennifer Bradshaw’s Experience with Infertility” is a very interesting case study. Just as many children do, Jennifer had dreams and aspirations. This case study specifically speaks about Jennifer’s dream of becoming a mother. This essay will address the theoretical perspective that would best address Jennifer’s emotional battle with infertility and the treatment plan recommended for this theory. (Hutchinson, 2015)

| Given the contentious debate surrounding issues of procreation, develop an institutional policy, which can be applied to the range of treatment and research issues related to procreation.

Over the past decade, advances in assisted reproductive technology (ART) including such procedures as in vitro fertilization (IVF) have reduced the obstacles to conception for women with infertility issues, particularly for women of advanced maternal age. Each state is now facing the dilemma of whether or not to mandate coverage of ART for their constituents. Furthermore, the state must decide what the qualifications for coverage should be if a mandate is to be enacted. RESOLVE, the National Infertility Association, a

We are living in a new era where technology can help women have babies in unconventional ways. Having children is a personal choice. In some people’s view, government should not be regulating when people should and should not start having a family. The ethical issue is when the parents start applying for governmental benefits after the baby is conceived via In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and born posthumously. When practicing IVF, are we violating God’s will? This paper is to discuss the views of the four candidates interviewed in relation to posthumous conception and delivery, their views on benefits/inheritance entitlement to these babies, and ethical principles and theories in

Reproductive health is aimed at giving an individual a sound state of mind to be liberal in an active sexual and reproductive process of fertility. This analysis has been women-centered to support women's rights and their perspective toward their reproductive health needs by providing health advocates, promote laws, and implement policies, research and services with an interest in women's health.

Making big choices in life can be difficult, especially if that big choice is having children. There are many men and women who are infertile that still want to have children. Most decide to adopt other children who do not have families or their families do not want them. But when adoption is not an option, there is now a way where those men and women can have their own children together through fertility treatments. Fertility treatments could be a good thing:being able to freeze egg and sperm, they can help infertile couples, and avoiding transmitted diseases would be easier.

Choose one position on the topic that you learned about during your research. What are the “pros” or “arguments for” that position?

Within the first page of this book, Susan Martha Kahn explains how “many Israelis have enthusiastically embraced new reproductive technologies as reasonable solutions to childlessness (Kahn 2000:1),” which sets the tone for this account as a whole, presenting the idea that childlessness is a problem to be solved in Israeli culture. This idea is engrained in the culture, and a barren woman is the center of sympathy. The biblical decree to “be fruitful and multiply” has a very important role for Jewish individuals, many of whom consider reproduction as “an imperative religious duty” Kahn 2000: 3). There is an evident pressure to become a parent in this kinship system, and this pressure falls on virtually all women, regardless of marital status. Many women use New Reproductive Technologies (NRTs) in order to fulfill this duty and give into this pressure, whether explicitly or implicitly; as many women desire to follow the Bible’s commandment, some wish to evade constant questions regarding children, others simply wish to become a mother to fit into the role they picture themselves in, and taking advantage of these treatments is a last resort for some to achieve motherhood (Kahn 2000:17). However, it is important to recognize that, as explained by a rabbi, “she is not obligated to procreate… the obligation to procreate only falls on the man” (Kahn 2000:57). Despite the male obligation to reproduce, women are still socially expected to become mothers. This access to NRTs makes

Planned Parenthood is an organization that provides healthcare and education to both men and women, having over 650 health centers that provide healthcare to countless communities around the world. Shockingly, 78% of those who use Planned Parenthoods services live at or below 150% of the federal poverty line, showing how important this organization is to low-income families (Topulos, Greene, Drazen). Their mission statement is “A Reason for Being”, which is shown through their efforts to provide health care, advocate public policies, create educational programs, and endorse research. There are those who do not believe Planned Parenthood should be funded by the government, though, due to the fact that they provide abortions to women in need. Studies show that the effects of not having Planned Parenthood available are disastrous, causing low-income families to lack a healthcare provider and the number of those who are infected with STD’s and STI’s to rise. The biggest concern communities have about the government defunding Planned Parenthood is the effects that it would have on low-income families who would no longer have access to something that many people take for granted: health care. Although many believe that Planned Parenthood mostly provides abortions, in reality, only 3% of the people that seek help from them receive an abortion, while 97% receive affordable and, in many cases,

Planned Parenthood Federation of America has been a governmentally funded program in the United States of America since 1970 despite countless efforts nationwide to defund the organization. Founded by Martha Sanger and Ethel Byrne, Planned Parenthood (PPFA) is a nonprofit organization which provides reproductive health services in Africa as well as North, Central and South America. Over 650 clinics across the nation provide a collective four million medical visits annually.10 PPFA, one of the largest reproductive health providers, bestows economically challenged citizens with health care that was previously unaffordable. In order for the United States to continue supplying adequate, and accessible, public health care to its citizens, Planned Parenthood must remain governmentally funded.

Also, this article addresses the issues of health and reproductive health in particular. Issues around reproductive choices have been a controversial topic for many decades. The author does a good job of describing what it is like not to be able to reproduce and how shameful that can feel. Understanding organizational culture is key. Leaders have a duty to find out the motives and professional biases that the organization has according to

However, people fail, and not only because of lack of education or responsibility, but also because of simple contraceptives unavailability. At this stage, a woman face a perspective of bearing and having an unplanned and consequently, unwanted child.

This article is about how fertility clinics let their patients chose the sex of their baby. The people involved in this operation are Dr.Trukhacheva is a fertility specialist and the vice president of Reproductive Medicine Institute, Dr.Potter is the medical director of HRC Fertility, and Dr.Caplan the director of the medical division at New York University School of Medicine. Those doctors are the doctors that help with IVF (in vitro fertilization) and PGD (preimplantation genetic diagnosis), this treatment is mostly used for medical reasons, for example all of the girls in the family have down syndrome but the boys end up health and happy so they decide that they would like a boy for medical reasons. The clinics are located in Los Angeles,

However, with such low statistics it is important to keep in mind that each infertile couple may go through many cycles of IVF; therefore it could end up costing them tens of thousands of dollars. On the other hand, with Australia’s declining birth rate, we should provide more encouragement for people to have children, instead of making them pay thousands of dollars. Unfortunately for infertile couples, infertility is not considered a health problem, and therefore it is not funded by the government. Is it fair that only financially able infertile couples can afford IVF, when it should be available to all infertile couples?