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Genetic Disorder And Genetic Disorders

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A genetic disorder is a disease that is caused by missing or abnormalities in the chromosomes of a human. Finding out if an offspring has a genetic disorder can be determined by using basic genetics. The Punnett Square, a diagram used to predict the results of a crossing or breeding of two species, can determine the outcome of an offspring by using the genotypes of both parents. Pairing the genotypes of both parents together can show the four different genotypes of offspring, two being female, and the other two male. By using this method, parents can predict the probability of their child having a genetic disease. Since most genetic disorders are recessive, if both parents have or are carriers of a genetic disorder, the probability of their offspring having the disorder can range from twenty five to one hundred percent.
Sickle Cell is a genetic disorder that affects red blood cells, causing them to become sickle, or misshapen. This makes the hemoglobin in the red blood cell not able to move oxygen throughout the body causing severe pain. Sickle Cell is genetic due to a person inheriting affected genes from their parents, and both parents have to be carriers because the disorder is homozygous recessive. With two carrier parents, the child has a twenty five percent chance of being unaffected, fifty percent chance of being a carrier, and a twenty five percent chance of having Sickle Cell.
Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disorder that mainly affects the lungs and digestive system

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