Hildegard Von Bingen Analysis

The plainchants Viderunt Omnes by Anonymous and O viridissima virga by Hildegard of Bingen are both compositions that were created during the Medieval Age, also known as the Middle Age. The purpose of these pieces were to be served usually in Roman Catholic Churches as music of worship. Although these two songs are known as plainchants, meaning they are usually monophonic and the melody usually does not change, both pieces have many similarities and differences. In my personal opinion, I believe that these two piece are more different than they are similar. For example, Viderunt Omnes is polyphonic for a majority of its duration because it sounds to be sung in unison by a choir and not by a singular person. O viridissima virga on the other

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Thesis: The Liturgical Drama Ordo Virtutum by Hildegard of Bingen was fundamental in the creation and development of later works, providing religious inspiration, unique and expressive composition, and reflections of individual experiences in order to create the first liturgical drama of its kind.

Josquin was deemed as the center of the Franco-Flemish school, which is a style of polyphonic music that from the Burgundy States around the 15th century. Josquin composed a wide variety of music. He did both sacred and secular and utilized all of the vocal forms that existed in his time such as masses, motets, chansons and frottole. Masses are “a musical setting for the texts used in the Christian Church at the celebration of the Mass, or sacrament of Communion. Most Masses have been written for use in the Roman Catholic Church.” A motet is a composition based on biblical or prose text polyphonically styled. Chansons are different types of songs that contain French lyrics. And frottole or frottola is “a secular part-song of Italy of the 15th and 16th centuries that is largely homophonic and has the music repeated with each verse”

​ A woman named Hildegard of Bingen wrote a Gregorian chant piece called” O Rubor Sanguinis (O Redness of Blood). As the tenth child of her parents, they gave her as a tithe to the church. In turn, she received a great education especially learning to write and note music as well as founded her own convent. Gregorian chants were either composed by men or women, it was a rule of the church that both gender wasn’t allowed to sing together. Men could sing in the church or monasteries while women were more to convents. So, in Hildegard’s O Rubor Sanguinis, you hear only women voices as was the case with most of her music. Listening to the song, I can hear the women’s voices in unison which makes it easy to follow the melody. I can’t clap to find a beat to it which is understandable because it’s sacred music and meant for prayer and meditation. You also hear multiple notes being sung to one syllable or

J. David Velleman had an idea that many may believe as truth, however, when looking at the entire picture it is

1. Discuss the use of music in Catholic and Protestant worship practice, from the development of polyphony, through the music of J.S. Bach. In so doing, discuss the shift in responsibility for musical development from the Catholic Church to the Lutheran Church.

Mood is the affections (to impress the mid or move the feelings of our emotions, emotional response). Composers of this time shaped or molded a musical language to depict the affections. Music is written to fit the needs of society in our always changing world. Church music during this time was very elaborate and music was usually only heard in the churches and if you were wealth enough during that time you could go hear music in public opera houses. Religious music was a huge part of baroque era; it saw the creation of tonality, made changes in musical notation, and developed new instrumental playing techniques.

Music was a very important asset to the peoples’ society. According to historians, the medieval period was the beginning of the unbroken tradition of notated Western music. Music was the one thing that all classes could enjoy, royals, nobles, women, slaves, anyone could listen to music being played out on the streets. Music was used in cathedrals and abbeys, dances and was even part of poetry. Most of the poetry from the Medieval Period known today were sung in front of crowds during events and festivals. Vocal music was very important in churches and worshipping. Back in the medieval time, there weren’t any radios, so all of the music was played live. Festivals, celebrations and the holiday season were very popular times for music. During an important holiday, Mayday, the dancers danced to high

Sacred music played a prominent part in ritual of the church. Motets and hymns became a part of Mass. The motet became a sacred form with a single Latin text. Motets in praise of the Virgin Mary were extremely popular because of the many religious groups devoted to Marian worship. Josquin Desprez, a popular master of the motet and influencer of many composers, composed more than a hundred motets and numerous secular pieces.

The oratorio and cantata of the eighteenth century were both linked, unlike opera, to religious themes. Although intended for very different uses and circumstances of performance, all three genres contained musical commalities. Not surprisingly, the three genres would

Johannes Brasart, a Walloon like Dufay, whose name appears among the pontifical singers in 1431, composed motets, including a four-part "Fortis cum quevis actio" and a critically acclaimed "Ave Maria".

A work that many have, at least heard a piece, of is Carmina Burana. Carl Orff composed this piece of music in 1936. A German, he was one of few composers that continued work during the Anti-Semitic rule of the country. Orff based his work off of a collection of poems found at the monastery of Benedikbeuren that dates back to the Twelfth Century! Carmina Burana is a set of twenty-five pieces that concern many of things going in everyone’s life today. Drinking, gambling, love, sex, fate, and fortune are just a few of the topics Orff composed of.1 In this concert report I will go through the pieces that stood out the most to me. As mentioned, the most famous piece of this work

One of the greatest composers of music, even though it was only slightly notated at the time, was Guillaume de Machaut (d. 1377), “one of the undisputed pinnacle geniuses of Western music…” His most famous piece was the four-voice Mass of Notre Dame, which maintained his reputation through the changes in fashion (Roberge). After almost a millennium’s worth of music was composed and contributed, the style of music began to change with the next era.

Beginning at around 476 AD, the medieval era is mostly related to the church as most music from this era is sacred. The style of this era, the Gregorian chant is monophonic only comprising of the plainchant (or the single- line melodies of early church music) in texture only comprising of the plainchant (or the single- line melodies of early church music). It is not until the arrival of the French composers Léonin and Pèrotin in 1100 and 1200 respectively that polyphony would be incorporated into musical worship with the “decoration” of Gregorian chant with one or more simultaneous musical lines, thus transitioning from Gregorian chant to Organum. During this era, most of the music and roles for musicians belonged to the church except for the troubadours of southern France and the trouvères of northern France. The music was responsorial between the mass and the father during church and was