For example, in Canada, the number of human deaths has been small in comparison to those that have occurred in developing nations as a result of extreme events of similar magnitude and intensity. Nevertheless, there have been a number of disasters that have caused enormous disruption and/or damage, including the 1998 Ice Storm, the Prairie droughts of the 1930s, 1980, 1987 and 1989, the Red River flood of 1997, the British Columbia forest fires of 2004, the Saguenay flood of 1997, Hurricanes Hazel (1954) and Juan (2004), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS, 2003) and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) (Haque, C.E and Etkin, D 2007).
Policy development regarding emergency management with examples of Alberta Nova scotia, Ontario and Quebec
Years have passed since the wakeup calls of July 21, 1987 (Edmonton Tornado), July 20, 1996 (Saguenay River floods in Quebec), April 29, 1997 (Red River floods in Manitoba), January 9, 1998 (ice storms in eastern Ontario and western Quebec), September 11, 2001 (terrorists attacks in Manhattan and Washington, DC), March 5, 2003 (SARS epidemic in Toronto), August 14, 2003 (largest power blackout in North American history), September 28, 2003 (Hurricane Juan, Nova Scotia) the blackout in central and eastern Canada in August 2003 and The Emergency Management Act was passed on June 22nd, 2007. The 2007 Emergency Management Act replaces parts of the 1985 Emergency Preparedness Act to “strengthen the Government of Canada’s response to
In BC, in 2050, the forest fires will have a big impact on the standards of living in Canada. The forest fires will affect both the health and wealth aspects of living standards. For example, forest fires are very expensive, sometimes even costing billions of dollars. This huge cost will affect the economy (or economic value) of Canada considerably. The forestry industry will also influence the living standards if the forest fires do not allow the recently planted trees to grow. Since one in seven jobs are connected to the forestry industry in BC, many people’s jobs will be involved. The standards of living in Canada will be damaged if action is not taken towards properly protecting forests from fires.
Disaster is anything that can occur causing damages, an ecological disruption and deterioration of health and the health services. Disaster can be manmade or natural disasters such as floods. When disasters like flooding or tornadoes that may be accompanied by floods occur, the public health personnel and public health nurses are normally the first people who respond to the emergency, given that they are the people who understand and know the available resources used in providing first aids to the affected victims.
“Earth itself is often referred to as a spaceship. But it is a mistake to compare living systems with machines. Mechanical devices constantly wear out with time unless they are carefully maintained and repaired by people. Living things persist on their own, healing, replacing, adapting, and reproducing in order to continue. If the total of all life on Earth is a super organism, then it must have processes that perpetuate its survival.” (The Sacred Balance, 2009). In the book The Sacred Balance by David Suzuki states that the Earth regenerates itself because it is a living organism that has the ability to go on without any maintenance or repairs. This statements deems true if Earth was solely inhibited by its naturel state of being without human
The natural environment is, of course, not “getting its revenge”. Geophysical, meteorological, and hydrologic processes are unfolding as they have for millennia, beginning long before humans occupied the earth and continuing to the present. Given the eons-long perspective of the natural environment, it would be very difficult to identify meaningful changes in event frequency for the short time period in which scientific records are available on geological, meteorological, and hydrological phenomena. Event frequency, from an emergency management perspective, is not really the issue. It is certainly true that, over the years, more people have been affected by natural disasters and losses are becoming progressively greater. The significant feature driving these observations, however, is the extent of human encroachment into hazard prone areas. With increasing population density and changing land use patterns, more people are exposed to natural hazards and consequently our accumulated human and economic losses are increasing. Much of this exposure is a matter of choice. Sometimes people choose hazardous places, building houses on picturesque cliffs, on mountain slopes, in floodplains, near beautiful volcanoes, or along seismic faults. Sometimes people choose hazardous building materials that fail under extreme environmental stresses—for example, unreinforced masonry construction in seismically active areas. Some exposure results from constrained choices; the cheap land or
Humans maintain the park and influence mandatory controlled fires as well as control the wildfires. Wildfires are required to burn in order to keep the ecosystem in check. In Banff National Park, these fires burn in old growth areas. Once the fire is burned out it leaves nutrients in the soil to aid in regrowth for future plants. After the fire Grizzly Bears rummage through the now loose and nutrient rich soil for certain roots that are apart of their diets. These roots are only accessible to the Grizzly Bear after a fire has cleared out the forest. Once regeneration starts, the nutrients in the soil allow other food sources to begin growth and bears start to forage for them. The cycle continues once the forest has regrown.
These events included major disasters and declared emergencies consisting of ice storms, hurricanes, tropical storms, floods and drought (City-data.com, n.d.). Flooding is a common problem associated with most these events and the most common injuries noted with floods could be drowning as well as injuries such as fractures from contact with debris. Common problems associated with these events would be displaced families, and power outages making children, seniors, and those individuals suffering from chronic health problems the most at risk. After this type of disaster there could be the risk of infections due to contaminated food or water, insect borne diseases, respiratory infections and infected wounds following
Natural disasters are considered either meteorological disasters such as snowstorms and hurricanes, droughts, tornadoes, typhoons, extreme cold spells or heat waves, or topological catastrophes, such as floods, landslides, avalanches, and earthquakes. In terms of services and financial assistance offered by the government in response to a natural disaster, Public Safety Canada (PS) initiates action only in the event of a natural disaster where municipal, provincial, or territorial governments are burdened by costs in excess of what they can be reasonably expected to
Fires we all know them to be deadly and dangerous, but who would have thought that in Alaska, especially in the Yukon Flats there would be forest fires. These forest fires are causing a major problem with our Earth atmosphere. We can go back to 1939 and see that the fires that are happening right now are exactly the same ones that occurred in the past. The studies are being conducted by Ryan Kelly, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Illinois and Feng Sheng Hu, a professor of plant biology and geology at the University of Illinois. For their studies, they have used actual fire data from previous studies to come up with a conclusion that in a radius of 2,000 km of the Yukon Flats the fires are way higher than what they were 10,000
All around the world, environments are constantly changing. Forest fires take part in the way our environment change and although an increase in forest fires in North America can negatively affect some species, it provides opportunities for many others. Certain species have found ways to adapt and thrive in forest fires while others need fire for reproductive success. Forest fires also promote diversity and a healthy ecosystem. The longer term one looks, the more opportunities can be seen for species to evolve through forest fires.
Imagine, your whole town being engulfed by fire destroying a city half the size of Rhode Island, that’s what the people of Fort McMurray, Canada are experiencing right now. Over 90,000 people have had to flee their homes unexpectedly with little to nothing. While the fire in Canada is forcing over 90,000 people to leave their homes the effect could be caused by global warming.
Disasters, whether natural or manmade, can happen anytime and anywhere, without warning. An earthquake, hurricane, tornado, fire, or hazardous material spill or even an act of terrorism can happen
Natural disasters can have a significant impact on the health of a countries population. A disaster is defined as “any occurrence that causes damage, ecological destruction, loss of human lives, or deterioration of health and health services on a scale sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response.” 1 Several factors play into how severly a country will be impacted following a natural disaster such as their economic status, access to healthcare services, infrastructure, political economies, etc. As the world is currently dealing with climate change affecting weather patterns countries in the Caribbean and Latin America are more at risk now than ever to face natural disasters. Latin America and the Caribbean faced a year of disaster in
Since 2004, there has been a number of massively destructive events. In 2004, the Asian Boxing Day tsunami killed approximately 230,000 people across 14 countries. In 2010, floods in Pakistan directly affected around 20 million people and have continued to displace substantial numbers each year. During 2011 and 2012, more than 12 million people in the Horn of Africa were severely affected in what has been called the worst drought in 60 years. In the beginning of March 2014, the Ebola outbreak in West Africa led to 11,310 deaths across Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea (WHO,
Both excerpts provide thorough descriptions on the causes and effects of disasters. The excerpt from “Super Natural Disasters of the 21st Century” demonstrates three massive natural disasters that recently occurred and the devastation that developed as a result. Similarly, the excerpt from “The Perfect Storm” combines factual information with a personal anecdote on the experience of an intensive storm. Although both authors provide causes and effects on natural disasters, they use juxtaposed strategies and techniques in order to support their claim.
Every emergency or disaster, from a small house fire to a hurricane that devastates entire communities, have a distinct cycle. This is