Deborah Wu
Early Musical Instrument Project: Hurdy-Gurdy Music has been a part of human society for thousands of years, and in each time period, music has been an integral part of culture. During the Middle Ages, numerous instruments were created for the art of music making. One of these instruments is called the hurdy-gurdy. Despite its strange name, this instrument has stood the test of time and still attracts the attention of music-lovers today (Baines, Bowles, & Green, 2001). The first known appearance of the hurdy-gurdy was in Europe during the 12th century. Specifically, earliest art pieces of the hurdy-gurdy are in various churches and cathedrals in Spain and in France. While there are speculations that the instrument may have been
…show more content…
For instance, the original hurdy-gurdy was also called an organistrum, which needed two players for one instrument, due to its large size. This instrument was used during the Gothic period, primarily in religious institutions, where it was utilized for music teaching as well as accompaniment. In the 13th century, the chifonie, a smaller hurdy-gurdy that could be played by one musician, was created. During this time, the hurdy-gurdy shifted to secular stages as minstrels would play the instrument in courts and would also use it for dance music during festivals. In the early 18th century, concertos and sonatas featuring the hurdy-gurdy were written, but by 1860, it began to disappear from the courts though it continued to be popular among street musicians. Even though interest in the hurdy-gurdy almost disappeared in 1939, the instrument made a comeback in the 1960s, and since then people have used the instrument in a variety of genres, such as folk, jazz, and rock (Baines et al., …show more content…
For instance, in order to play the instrument, a wheel has to be turned. In the first version of the instrument, there were 3 strings, and one person had to turn the wheel while the other person would change notes on one melody string by pressing levers (Baines et al., 2001). The wheel is rosined, like a violin bow, which allows the strings to resonate as the wheel is turned (Montagu). In later versions, when the hurdy-gurdy was small enough to be played by one musician, the wheel is cranked with the right hand while the left hand presses the levers. When one string is being pressed, the other strings create a drone-like sound that gives the impression that there are more instruments playing (Burkholder, Grout, & Palisca,
One of the earliest locations that musical instruments were created and developed was China. Many of the instruments during this period (500 – 1100 A.D.) that were being made were classified as zithers of idiophones. Zithers are very similar to guitars since both share the quality of having strings, but do not have a “neck.” Idiophones are instruments where the body itself vibrates to create the sound much like modern day percussion instruments. These types of instruments were brought into being by the beliefs and teachings of people like Confucius, Mencius, and Laozi. These men “believed that music was an essential part of character and community” and helped the creation of new instruments (1).
Throughout the many years of time, music has been associated with the lives of humans. Ranging from the oldest recorded music in 1888, The Lost Chord, to Motherese, or the way that mothers “sing” to their babies to communicate to them, to our modern music of radio stations blaring our favourite song while we drive from place to place. Music has found its place within human lives, intertwining its existence with ours. Incredibly enough, humans have found a way to harness music with our very hands and create elegant melodies from tools. Beginning with instruments that look like a guitar, instruments that look like a flute and instruments that look like a drum, we began making controlled music with rhythms and harmonies. As years passed and civilization began to grow, musicians came to be. These ancient musicians played music for others on the instruments that they would make and performed for many.
The French horn made its first appearance in the seventeenth century in France. Originally, people used the horns of animals before they started using metal. The French horn started out as a hunting horn. Its almost humanlike sound was used to signal to call to the hounds that were on a hunt.
Kristen Decas is the CEO and Port Director of Hueneme. Hueneme is located in Ventura among the shore. She has been in serving for Hueneme Port about 3 years so far and says she loves it there. Her contract ends next year in February but looks forward into staying again. She gave birth two daughters and told us it’s hard for her to spend quality time with her kids, so she always looks forward for special family vacations. Decas earned her master in Denver. She is really passionate about her job because her great-grand parents were involved in agricultural transportation as well. Also, she is the first woman to be elected as a CEO in Port Hueneme. She stated that when she applied, she was only girl competing against 60 other men for the same position. Decas loves giving back to the community by creating banana festivals, tours around the company, education and environmental funds.
Roy Eberhardt and his family move to a new town called Coconut Cove, Florida. He’s new to the school, and when he gets on the bus the first day, he sees a guy running shoeless. Roy starts to follow him one day while trying to avoid the bully. He offers to help him out with his friend Beatrice who happens to be the shoeless guys sister. Roy, Beatrice, and the shoeless guy run over to a construction site where there are owls underground. The owners want to build a pancake shop there, so they all join in and prove to them that there are owls underground so that they won’t be able to build “Mother Paula’s Pancake House”.
THE FLIGHTTO EGYPT (MT 2:19-23) - Recalls God’s people exile and anguish in the past in the land of Egypt. Later, Jesus’ exodus from Egypt presents Him as the New Moses who will be the ultimate liberator of God’s people from sin.
On a spring day in 1655, the Dutch astronomer Christian Huygens discovered, with his newly-built telescope, the biggest of Saturn's moons. Titan, as it was later named, orbits around Saturn in a distance from the Sun ten times greater than Earth's. Huygens probably expected a world similar to our own Moon. However, the Cassini–Huygens mission that arrived in 2004, paints a different picture. One that looks awfully familiar.
Through Jack, I learned that the harmonica is not just a toy, but an intriguing musical instrument rich in history.
The six groups are string, woodwind, brass, keyboard, percussion, and electronic. In the string family, it includes guitars, violins, viola, cello, double bass, etc. The violin is the smallest in the family, but has the highest range. A double bass is the largest with the lowest range. These string instruments are usually played with a bow or simply the players hand by plucking the strings. For the woodwind instruments, it includes flute, clarinet, piccolo, bass clarinet, oboe, English horn, bassoon, contrabassoon, etc. These instruments produce vibrations of air with a long or short tube depending on the instrument. It can only produce one note at a time. The brass instrumental family is made up of a trumpet, trombone, tuba, French horn, etc. These instruments are often used in jazz and rock groups. To produce sound, the vibration comes from the cup-like mouthpiece that the player blows into. For the keyboard instruments, it includes an organ, piano, harpsichord, accordion, etc. They can produce many tones at the same time without being hard. Percussion has two different types; they are definite and indefinite. The definite instruments include timpani, xylophone, celesta, chimes, glockenspiel, etc. The indefinite instruments include snare drum, bass drum, tambourine, triangle cymbals, gong, etc. Most of these instruments are hit either by hand, with stickers, or hammers. Some can be rubbed or shaken,
c. The Rauschpfeife is the instrument that is a loud reed-cap instrument with a double reed.
How did ancient peoples make music? Music is the oldest language in the world and has been used since the dawn of time to give expression to emotions, feelings, and ideas that could not be put into words. The oldest known musical instrument is the flute, which is at least 35,000 years old. The flute has changed over the course of its long history, from century to century, society to society. The flute’s design, the sounds it produces, and its purpose has evolved from ancient flutes, to medieval flutes, to the Baroque and Romantic flutes, and, finally, modern flutes.
A ukulele and a machete have a surprising amount in common, actually. Not the knife, mind you, but the Portuguese machete de braga. Back before the Hawaiian Islands were annexed by the United States, it was introduced to by Portuguese immigrants from the island of Madeira. The immigrants celebrated their arrival with traditional folksongs accompanied on a little four-string machete. In two weeks time, the Hawaiian Gazette was reporting about a band of Portuguese musicians delighting people with nightly concerts. Three Portuguese cabinetmakers, probably finding the furniture market not as lucrative as they had hoped, capitalized on the instruments’ new found popularity by opening their own machete stores.
th The first half of the 20 century saw considerable progression within the domains of sound reproduction tools and the sizeable escalation of the recording industries; this developed electronic technology and in turn, developed new styles of vernacular music. This technological innovation laid the foundations for new vernacular music such genres as rock, hip-hop, etc. Due to this development, where the existence relied on electronics to produce the sound, musicians started to embrace technology. This combination of science and music started to form a complex connection. Prior to first commercially available synthesizer, created by Robert moog, much electronic works were very much based in academia and research facilities (due to sheer size and
The church had always been the center of the musical world and as music gained complexity the need arose for a keyboard instrument that could be used in the
There are also many string instruments. The Clavichord instrument is one of the oldest string instruments and is only capable of producing a small sound. The ones used, mainly, in an orchestra are as follow: Violin (fiddle), Viola, Cello, and the Double Bass. A violin can also be called a fiddle as it is usually called in folk music. The viola is a fretless instrument and, thus, harder to play. Other popular string instruments are the acoustic guitar whose origin dates back thousands of years in Greek, Sanskrit, and Arabic cultures. Some examples of guitar-like instruments are the Dotar (two strings), the Setar (three strings), the Qithara (four strings), the Panchtar (five strings), and the Tamber, which is the ancestor of the modern day guitar. Acoustic instruments don’t generally have a need for amplification and is not electric. The very first guitars consisted of six strings. Antonio Torres’ new construction music paved the way for modern day guitars. Strings on guitars can, either, be made of steel or nylon. Steel strings are louder and more durable than nylon, and are also more