Hybrid Electronics Essay

In Figure 4, Young's modulus is plotted against yield strength. The diagonal line in the figure represents the material index M= σy/E. Materials below the diagonal line are the best candidate materials because they will remain elastic while providing the maximum conformability. All materials that cost more than $2.20 per pound and have a UV rating of "poor" were eliminated. Also, only materials that can be made through the polymer extrusion process were considered. The candidate materials are listed in Table 1 and ranked by the material index. The current material, TPV, is included in the table for

However, the absence of plastic deformation does not mean that composites are brittle materials like monolithic ceramics. The heterogeneous nature of composites result in complex failure mechanisms which impart toughness. Fiber-reinforced materials have been found to produce durable, reliable structural components in countless applications. The unique characteristic of composite materials, especially anisotropy, require the use of special design

Initial cracks were observed at top and bottom part of the sample where the maximum stress occurred. Through observation, there is no significant lateral expansion on the grout samples. The noticeable deformation surface failure is obviously shown on tested grout. The sample displayed split inclined crack at the top of the sample. The neat epoxy grout also exhibits sudden rupture as compared to graphene-based epoxy grout.

The effect of the reinforcing tabs on mode I toughness is investigated. Stitching improves the energy release rate (ERR) up to 4 times in mode I. Several test configurations have been proposed for mode II delamination toughness of carbon-epoxy composite laminates. The most commonly used of these is the end-notched flexure (ENF) configuration, (Trabelsi, Michel, Othomene, 2010, p.3). Other than that, according to Balint (2001, p.125), “Roughness on a scale that is small relative to the film thickness is assumed to be present at the interface between the delaminated film and the substrate.” The material separation und thus damage of the structure is classically described by interface elements — no continuum elements are damaged in the cohesive

With the strain rate constant it can be seen that different temperatures do not affect the stress-strain curve of the nanocomposite. As in the section 2.3.1 we define a parameter for the temperature sensitivity as:

As for ductility, the material with most ductility was found to be the thermoplastic polymer (HDPE). Two tests were conducted on the HDPE samples at different speeds. As a result, the HDPE sample pulled at lower speed exhibited greater ductility. Ductility was calculated by obtaining the percent elongation of each material sample. This correlates with the idea that the material that deforms the most before fracture, possesses greater ductility. The highest percent elongation obtained was 191,

Another reason is the low glass transition temperatures of the rubbers that lower the maximum use temperature and the modulus of the epoxy resins. The high performance engineering thermoplastics such as poly(ether sulfone)s, poly(ether ketone)s and poly(ether imide)s were used as toughener for epoxy resins [34-36]. The major advantage of these thermoplastic modifiers is that their incorporation into epoxy resins does not result in reduction in modulus and glass transition temperature. In comparison with rubber modified systems, the use of tough thermoplastic polymers offers better improvement in fracture toughness for higher crosslink density epoxy systems. The advantages of thermoplastic modified epoxy systems lie in the fact that the modulus and the Tg of the modified epoxy can be maintained, and the fracture toughness can be improved in direct proportion to the amount of thermoplastic added. The use of reactive thermoplastic modifiers provides good adhesion between epoxy and thermoplastic phases. Several toughening mechanisms that have been proposed for the thermoplastic modified epoxies [37]. These mechanisms are illustrated in the Figure

In my basic presentation, I examined the practicality of HEVs (Hybrid Electric Vehicles), otherwise known as hybrids. The presentation gave some background about laws pertaining to emissions but at the same time was designed more to educate the consumer as to what a hybrid actually is. You do not plug it in!

fracture precipitated by a crack. It is also called the plastic deformation of the material. The

The electric hybrid car: development and future of battery by Michael Hereward Westbrook (2001) mainly it deals with the history, process of electric cars manufacture. This book carries on many of considerable information attaching to my research question: “: How does Hybrid electric car generate electricity?”

Mankind has made many extraordinary innovations for the world most having their debut in the motor vehicle department. Inside the motor department is a race for the greatest motor to put in all cars. The motor needing both performance and economy in mind. People have disagreed often over which motor concept would be a better source to make the wheels spin. There are two motors in question; they are the hybrid and electric motor. Since they are both still fairly new, the idea of knowing which to improve and which to terminate is a difficult decision. However, this is a good time to look at both motors in their semi mass production stage. Before we invest too much money into the wrong one. We will see how the hybrid takes the lead and the

Additionally, some inorganic elements have some level of toxicity for the environment follows with the low natural abundance. Thereby, in the present scenario it is unrealistic to enable a widespread use of thermoelectric installations forwaste heat recovery.However, organic electronic materials,especially conducting polymers (i.e. basing on abundant elements, light weight, low-cost large-area flexible and non-toxic), start to draw attention asmore economical alternatives to conventional TE materials [19 – 21].

To study the characteristic properties of hybrid fibrous ferrocement, the compressive strength specimens, flexural strength specimens, shear strength specimens and impact strength specimens were cast. For compressive strength test, specimens of dimensions 150×150×150 mm were cast. For flexural strength test, specimens of dimensions 100×100×500 mm were cast. For shear strength test, specimens of dimensions100mm×90mm×60mm (L-shaped specimens) were cast. The impact strength test specimens were of 150mm in diameter and 60mm thick. For impact strength test drop hammer was used (drop hammer weighs 4.5kg and falls from a height of 457mm). The number of blows required to cause the first crack and final failure were

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a worldwide association of professional dedicated to the advancement of technology. They have developed 802 Standards that have impacted most of the modern era of telecommunications and computer networking.

Industrial sectors can also benefit from WiPower technology in multiple ways. The system has proven itself impervious to any type of contamination. Devices with the technology prevent any problems of chemicals, water, sand, dirt, mud and other debris collecting within charging ports or device housings that could ultimately affect the performance of the electronic device. With no physical connections, exposed metallic contacts are no longer needed. This prevents any type of corrosion on the contact surface that will also affect performance as well as the elimination of sparking hazards across open contacts. Developing safe devices requires that the chosen battery must past multiple meticulous tests. By removing external contacts needed for a battery, this technology will allow device designers to simplify the physical size and complexity of the device.