As a follow-up to the request for proposals for obsolete equipment replacement funds, from the Financial Services Division, I have assessed the current Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) testing equipment used for water quality analysis by the Water Quality Research Laboratory Division. This memo describes the importance of BOD testing in water quality analysis for the lab’s current project with Jordan Vineyard & Winery in Sonoma County, the problems the lab is facing using the current testing equipment, namely, the BODTrak II Apparatus, and recommend that we replace it with the Lovibond Oxidirect Apparatus. Background Information on Current Project and Importance of BOD Analysis The Water Quality Research Laboratory Division of Biogenesis …show more content…
The BOD, is a measurement of the amount of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) that is used by aerobic microorganisms when decomposing organic matter in water. This BOD is an important water quality parameter because it provides an index to assess the effect of the discharged waste water on the receiving environment. The higher the BOD concentration, the greater the amount of organic matter or “food” available for oxygen consuming bacteria and if the rate of DO consumption by bacteria exceeds the supply of DO from the receiving environment, it could lead to unfavorable conditions. These unfavorable conditions on the receiving environment in question, which is the vineyard irrigation system itself, could affect the yield of grape and thereby the quality of wine resulting in disastrous consequences. To prevent such concerns, the State of California has set the maximum allowable concentration for direct environmental waste water discharge at 10 mg/L BOD. Our water quality feasibility report would test the processed waste water to see if this BOD criteria is met. Problems with our Current Testing Equipment, the BODTrak II Apparatus The current Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) testing equipment used by the Water Quality Research Laboratory Division of Biogenesis Engineering Associates is the BODTrak II Apparatus. The apparatus itself was procured in Q3 of 2016, and
Abstract: Photosynthesis, the conversion of inorganic carbon into organic glucose molecules using light energy, is one of the most biologically important processes on Earth. It is imperative to study how the rapidly increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution may affect photosynthesis of photoautotrophs. In this experiment, a look is taken at the question: does inorganic carbon availability affect photosynthetic activity. This experiment uses bicarbonate as the inorganic carbon source, and analyzes how varying concentrations of bicarbonate may affect the photosynthetic activity of the South American aquatic plant Egeria densa (also known as Elodea densa) by measuring its O2 production in distilled water and 0.1%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1.0% sodium bicarbonate solutions. T-tests between the control (distilled water) and each bicarbonate treatment are conducted using the online program GraphPad. All tests results in a p-value greater than 0.05 and a calculated t-value greater than the critical t-value, thus rejecting the null hypothesis, indicating that inorganic
Dissolved Oxygen, pH levels, Temperature Change, Fecal Coliform, BOD, Nitrate, Phosphates, Turbidity, and Total Solids were each tested in the stream at least one time. If more time and enough supplies were given, then certain tests should be done more than once. Temperature Changes should be tested every other month because it is quick and a change in temperature can affect the health of the organisms living in the stream and therefore the quality of the stream. Temperatures can also drastically change in a short amount of time and there is a large difference in water temperatures in summer and winter. Another test that should be done every other month is dissolved oxygen because it is related to the temperature of the water. Cooler waters have a greater capacity for dissolved oxygen than warmer waters. This test is important because due to human activity and industrial processes, can increase water temperature and therefore decrease the dissolved oxygen levels. Certain organisms living in the stream need a sufficient amount of dissolved oxygen to survive. Another test that should be done more often is the
Acidity is the level of acid in a substance such as water, soil, and even wine. Dissolved Oxygen, or D. O., was another test. Dissolved oxygen is the amount of oxygen that is present in the water. Group P’s data showed 8, 8, 12 for D. O. Groups A’s data was 10, 8, 7. Group W’s data was 12, 11, 12. The average was 9.8. This is a high but excellent number. We want this to be high so more organisms like fish can live there. The pH scale said for groups P, A, and W that the pH was 7 which is neutral.
The purpose of this experiment is to collect water samples from El Rio Canal. Data such as dissolved oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) will be found. From the results of each group, Streeter-Phelps Dissolved Oxygen sag curve will be constructed. Then, the Streeter-Phelps sag curve will be analyzed and the group will increase an understanding of the limitations and assumptions using this curve. The amount of biodegradable organic matter and non-biodegradable matter found in the water samples will be compared. Ultimate BOD will be estimated by using the first order method or the 〖BOD〗_t vs.〖BOD〗_(t+1) method.
The vials were placed in the water and the oxygen levels were read every 5 minutes until 30 minutes was reached. As the oxygen levels were collected they were put into a table that had all three tubes labeled at each 5-minute increment. After 30 minutes the experiment was completed and the clean up process could begin.
Methodology: The water samples will be collected utilizing sterile plastic water bottles from Lake Tarpon. The location the samples will be collected from is Anderson Park, by the boat docks, located at 39669 U.S. 19, Tarpon Springs, FL 34689. The water samples will be brought to Tarpon Springs High School to be tested, located at 1411 Gulf Rd, Tarpon Springs, FL 34689. The phosphate, nitrate, and dissolved oxygen levels will be tested utilizing various LaMotte water testing kits,
The increase of oxygen does not necessarily mean the fish will keep up with it. Too much oxygen can be harmful to the fish so you would need a certain amount per area of fish. A constant flow of oxygen going throughout the water habitat.
The samples of unfiltered Rio Salado River water used in these experiments were collected from a site on the south bank of the river near S. 7th Ave. in Phoenix Arizona (see figure 1). The samples of water were collected by filling a three-gallon carboy by submerging it in the river. The carboy was then transported at ambient air temperature to the lab the same day it
The CTDEP collected bottom- dwelling fish and invertebrates and compared the quantity of organisms and number of species with the levels of oxygen in the water. Both of these studies confirmed that severe effects occurred whenever levels of oxygen fell below 2.0 mg/l. Large reductions in the numbers and types of aquatic life present were noted. The lab experiments recorded reductions in both growth and increase in death.
Imperialism is the policy of extending one country’s rule over many lands. Meaning, countries wanted to imperialize other countries to gain power, wealth, and even respect. During the 1800s,The British imperialized many countries. An example of a country they imperialized was India. In India, there were positive and negative affect to imperialism by the british. During the 1850s, British Imperialism had both positive and negative affects in India through the Sepoy Rebellion, especially through The British East India Company..
All around the world, countries are fighting to keep their drinking water clean. Whether it’s streams, rivers, or lakes, countries have taken great measures to maintain high quality drinking water for both human consumption and animal consumption. Countries must first understand the sources of the polltion, then determine the best methods to eliminate the pollution. Clean drinking water is a valuable resource and a the key to human survival. Plants and animals also depend on water for their growth, so all water must be kept clean. The major contributors to water pollution can be classified in three categories, industrial, agricultural and municipal.
To Test the effects of one uncontrolled parameters sush as pH, Temperature or dissolved Oxygen and compare findings.
This report provides analysis and evaluation of a newly designed wastewater treatment facility for Sand Valley, Nevada. Analysis will include Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) along with total, volatile, and fixed suspended solids. Methods for analysis will include the Winkler Test for BOD and a Hatch test for the suspend solids.
One of the most important natural resources we have on this planet is water. Water covers roughly 70 percent of our planet and is the very foundation for every single species on earth. We as humans, rely on water more than any other resource on the planet and we simply can’t live without it. Although water is abundant around the world, clean water for millions of people is inaccessible. Around the world, there are people struggling to get water yet along clean water and it greatly affects our health. Improving clean water supply and sanitation, and better access to clean water resources, can increase countries’ economic development and can contribute greatly to poverty reduction and overall people’s health.
Gender alludes to the obligations, responsibilities, and roles of women and men and ladies that are made in our cultures, societies, and families. Similarly, the idea of gender likewise incorporates the desires held about the qualities, aptitudes and likely practices of masculinity and femininity. Gender roles can be learned, vary between and with within cultures upon having the ability to change with time. Gender is modified by different social separation, and they include; ethnicity, political status, class, mental and physical disability age and that’s only a tip (Marcus, Charles, Benita, Hernalinda, Pablo & Felipe, 2004). Gender concept is indispensable because connected to social science; it uncovers how men ‘s domination or subordination of women is a social perspective. Consequently, it is also applied science construction in that men and women has different unalterable roles in the societal setting though gender role is not predetermined biologically not it is not fixed forever. Male and female gender roles comprise of distinctive work duties and responsibilities, knowledge, the basic process of decision making, however, there are as yet social desires which guide the concept of what it implies to female or male.