Dyslexia
Topic: Dyslexia
Purpose: To inform the audience about dyslexia.
Whenever you think of dyslexia, you may think of people confusing their left from their right or mixing run with fun or the number six with nine, but dyslexia is more than that.
The word dyslexia derives from Greek origin. The Greek prefix “dys” means difficult and the Greek “lexia” means read, so dyslexia means “difficulty in reading” (Hennigh 1995).
I. The definition of dyslexia.
According to Gavin Reid in his book Dyslexia A Practitioner’s Handbook, ¬dyslexia is a “specific disability that is characterized by difficulties with learning to read, write, and spell.”
II. The history of Dyslexia.
The term “dyslexia” was first introduced in 1887 by Dr. Rudolf Berlin when he suggested that difficulty with reading may be caused by “cerebral disease instead of brain injury” (Hennigh 1995).
III. What is Dyslexia? You may ask?
Dyslexia is also known as a language communication disability, which includes three categories.
The first category is visual dyslexia, it is characterized by reversal of letters and numbers; faulty sequencing of letters in words, numbers in series, and events in narrative; problems in processing, interpreting, and recalling images and more (Houston 1987).
The second category of dyslexia, auditory dyslexia, is not a disability caused by any loss of hearing but the difficulty in processing and interpreting the oral information which is heard. Auditory dyslexia cause problems in the phonological realm of speech such as: distinguishing certain consonant and vowel sounds, the difference in syllables, and the ability to rhyme (Houston 1987). The third is a combination of both visual and auditory dyslexia (Houston 1987).
IV. Who does it effect?
V. A common misconception about dyslexia is that it is related to intelligence, which it is not.
People with dyslexia are more likely to develop immunological problems.
VI. Causes
Specialist doctors and researchers are not precisely sure what causes a person to develop dyslexia.
Two chief causes of dyslexia are:
Genetic causes of dyslexia - a team at the Yale School of Medicine found that defects in a gene, known as DCDC2, were associated with problems in reading performance.
Acquired
Discussions of dyslexia require a definition of the term, and this is where we can come into some confusion if we are not careful. In fact, the “problem” itself exists in the defining of the word, and thus the labeling of those to whom the definition applies. However, with some knowledge of the etiology of “dyslexia” we can begin to ply our beliefs off the population of “dyslexics” and start to gain some understanding of their experiences with language learning. This is, after all, the intention of this research. Guardiola (2001) also assisted in redirecting the academic focus in this direction, towards the etiology of the term and how its history has shaped current social work, education, neurobiology, and psychology perspectives.
The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines dyslexia as a disorder in the brain that makes it difficult for an individual to write, read, and spell. People who have been diagnosed with the learning disability are often thought to be “lazy, dumb, careless, ‘not trying hard enough,’ or [have] behavior problems” according to Ronald D. Davis, founder of the Davis Dyslexia Correction Center.
A person with dyslexia can have many reading problems. Letters are often reversed for them so a q might look like a p and vice versa. Words can be read backwards and letters can be all jumbled up, they would see the word pot, but would read it as top. Words such as off may look like of or on. Dyslexics that might read aloud would probably stumble over words or say them completely wrong; if someone were reading aloud to them, it would be hard to follow. Words on one page may be read correctly the first time, but later on they would be unable to recognize that same word. Reading for dyslexics requires that sentences be read more than once for complete understanding of the meaning, whereas if
Dyslexia is a disorder in which someone has difficulty reading, which is not caused from a
A. Dyslexia is defined as a learning disability marked by impairment of the ability to read. In essence, it is a disability in which people jumble letters; for example, confusing God with dog or box with pox.
According to Hull Learning Services (2013), dyslexia continues to be a subject of great debate. The word dyslexia is originated from the Greek dys- meaning ‘difficult’ and -lexia meaning to do with language. There are multiple definitions of dyslexia, because the matter in which in manifest in children and adults vary greatly. Definitions of dyslexia often focus on difficulties with the processes of writing, reading, spelling and general organization of everyday tasks. Dyslexia has been defined as the inability to acquire literacy despite normal intelligence. Other definitions have described dyslexia in terms of a list of symptoms. The symptoms often included are laterality problems; reversals in numbers, letters and/or words; reading
The most recent definition of Dyslexia was published in the DSM-52 as a specific learning disorder; ‘a pattern of difficulties characterised by problems with accurate or fluent word recognition, poor decoding and poor spelling abilities. Dyslexia is understood to be a genetic disorder as many family risk studies on dyslexia have proven3; there is a 50% risk that a child will develop reading difficulties if they have a parent with dyslexia.
On that basis the rationale behind this assignment is to further understand the term ‘dyslexia’, to consider the definition and diagnosis, as well as the barriers to learning it can generate. Consideration will also be given to the strategies that can be employed to assist learning, as well as promote the
Children with dyslexia give many signs to help identify them. Some of the clues include, not knowing whether to use the left or right hand after being reminded repeatedly, leaving out capital letters or losing using them in the wrong places reading a word correctly but does not comprehend, forming letters numbers badly, and forgetting to dot I’s and cross t’s (Make the Connection). They may spell the same word several different ways if they don’t have the visual memory to know what is right or the kinaesthetic memory for it to feel right as they are writing (Information on Dyslexia). These are some clues to look for in writing. Some other indications are late developer, easily distracted, problems with tying shoe laces, problems telling time, short term memory problems, holds pen too tightly, and has problems with sequences. Some examples of sequences that a person with dyslexia might have trouble with include alphabet, months of the year, and nursery rhymes. Some dyslexics are also good at other things that may be traits of having the disease such as, good long term memory, good visual eye, and very
According to the Dyslexia & Learning Disability Centre in Las Vegas, Dyslexia is an ability within the sensory mechanism of the nervous system to perceive the world with a multidimensional view. However it comes with poor word reading, word decoding, oral reading fluency and spelling. Though with appropriate teaching methods, dyslexic individuals can learn successfully throughout their lives. Also, when properly trained and informed, a dyslexic can use their
Dyslexia is a lifelong struggle with constant challenges with reading and speaking. About five to ten percent of the United States population deals with the learning disorder dyslexia (Van den Honert, n.d.). It is a neurological condition that is mainly caused by genetics but there are some rare cases in which it is acquired. Dyslexia interrupts the normal processes of reading and speaking (Van den Honert, n.d.). All of which are used in daily life and this makes life and school so much harder for dyslexics. They must learn to live with the condition for their entire life and there is not really a treatment for it. With the constant struggle and reminder of their
Dyslexia is a learning disorder that is linked with problems of reading, writing, and spelling. (Britannica Company) One in five
Growing, developing and learning are the facts of life for all children. Each day children are faced with many new concepts and various challenges. Can you imagine how it feels for a child to face not only new challenges life has, but to face these challenges while living with a learning disability? These challenges are met not just when they begin school either. Students suffer from learning disabilities from the moment they begin learning, not when they start school. Learning disabilities are real and they affect millions of people. “One such disability that affects over approximately 15 percent of the total American population is dyslexia” ( Nosek 5).
Dyslexia is not an illness or sickness yet a learning incapacity that influences the way an individual can read and spell, creating he/she to respond uniquely in contrast to others when he/she see or hear words. Despite the fact that an individual has dyslexia this doesn 't mean they don 't know how to peruse or spell yet how he/she may see letters and numbers when they see them on paper. A dyslexic will experience issues figuring out how to translate words by partner sounds and letters. They experience issues perceiving sight words, for example, in and the or every now and again happening words that most perusers perceive immediately. Anybody with dyslexia will have a feeble phonemic mindfulness which implies they experience issues listening to the fine qualifications among individual sounds or phonemes of the dialect. (The Facts About Dyslexia) Dyslexics will read much slower in light of the fact
Of the three previously mentioned diseases, Dyslexia impairs a person’s ability to read, write, and spell (NINDS 2003). Although they are of normal intelligence, their reading level is below average. They will usually have “trouble with phonological processing (the manipulation of sounds) and/or rapid visual-verbal responding.” (NINDS 2003). Children with dyslexia complain they cannot read their textbooks, do not have enough time to finish tests, cannot take notes, and are unable to read their own handwriting (GVSU 2000). Dyslexia does not affect every person the same way, and signs of the disorder may not be prevalent until later, when grammar and more in-depth writing skills are introduced. Dyslexia can also create a difficulty in processing vocabulary and thoughts correctly when speaking, and understanding what one says when they are spoken to. Dysgraphia is another neurological disorder that focuses on writing. When a child with this disorder is first introduced to writing, they will make unnecessary spaces between their letters, and some letters will be