Intimate Partner Violence And Women

Approximately 1.3 million women each year are victims of physical assault by a partner in the United States, with larger numbers of such incidents not being reported (Herman, Rotunda, Williamson, & Vodanovich, 2014, p. 2). Intimate partner violence (IPV) is defined as sexual, physical, or psychological harm by a current or former partner or spouse, which can include sexual violence, psychological and emotional violence, or physical violence (Herman et al., 2014, p. 2). IPV is also known as dating violence, domestic violence, family violence, or spouse abuse.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2016) states “intimate partner violence includes physical violence, sexual violence, threats of physical or sexual violence, stalking and psychological aggression…by a current or former intimate partner”. Furthermore, the CDC reports that “more than 1 in 3 women (35.6%)…in the U.S. have experienced rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner, nearly 1 in 3 women (30.3%) has been slapped, pushed or shoved by an intimate partner…, and nearly half of all women in the U.S. (48.4%) have experienced at least one form of psychological aggression with 4 in 10 (40.3%) reporting some form of expressive aggression (e.g., their partner

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a type of abuse that occurs between people who are involved in a close relationship. “Intimate partner” is a term that is used to include both current and former spouses as well as dating partners. IPV exists along a continuum that ranges from a single episode of violence through ongoing battering.

How do you define, talk about, and understand domestic violence (DV) /interpersonal violence (IPV)? Ms. Latimore defines domestic violence as a pattern of physical, sexual, and/or psychological abuse or the threat of abuse used to get and maintain control over another person in a domestic setting. She says intimate partner violence (IPV) is violence in an intimate relationship by one spouse or a partner onto another spouse or partner. She says that no one ever knows that their relationship is going to become abusive from the beginning, as everything seems perfect during the early stages. She further states that controlling and possessive behaviors emerge as the relationship grows. Ms. Latimore concludes that although domestic violence may not look the same in every relationship, the one thing they all have in common is, the abusive partner wants power and control over his victim.

In terms of the topic of domestic violence, the issue can occur to any person, regardless of gender, racial ethnicity, socioeconomic background, etc. Yet, there are certain individuals in the population that are more susceptible to intimate partner violence, particularly minority women. For Black and Hispanic women, there have been little studies regarding their response to violent relationships, with a majority of studies being geared toward Caucasian females. Along with being more susceptible to domestic violence, minority women experiencing varying cultural beliefs and values that can determine whether they decide to leave or stay in an abusive relationship. In study conducted by Lacey (2010), she found out that “marital status, presence

Breiding, Matthew J., Sharon G. Smith, Kathleen C. Basile, Mikel L. Walters, Jieru Chen, and

Before taking this course on family violence, I had an idea what was Intimate Partner Violence. I have always believed that Intimate partner violence involves only married couples. I had also thought that violence between a married couple consider the only force of using physical abuse only. Fortunately after reading about partner violence, I have learned that there was more than just one type of abuses. For example, I never thought that sexual abuse could happen between a couple. In addition, I learned that intimate partner violence does not consider only married partners but also partners who have same sex genders, and are unmarried.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (n.d.) defines intimate partner violence (IPV) as a “serious, preventable public health problem that affects millions of Americans” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d., p. 1). Through the group discussions we have had in class I have learned that IPV is not a “one fit all” approach, the violence occurs in different levels of severity and frequency. There are four

This section will discuss the topic intimate partner violence against women as discussed by other scholars and authors. Various books will be analyzed to understand the topic better. The section will also explain the main issues independently analyzing different literature and will also discuss the similarities and differences. The issue has emanated a lot of public concern as more young women continue to suffer in silence with the fear of speaking out against their partners. Some women, however, are courageous and have opted to speak about the issue in public without fear of being judged or criticized. Careful analysis of the different books will help to determine the different perspectives that different authors understand

According to Renzetti (2009), women who are financially secure and have resources such as a place to stay other than their home, and there are some women who have a low income or do not work at all and live in poverty. There is a strong relationship between financial status and a woman’s risk for being a victim of intimate partner violence. Research shows that women from higher class do face IPV; studies indicate that as the financial status of a family increases, the likelihood of IPV decreases. According to a National Survey of Households and Families, which used data from the 1900 U.S. census, they found that when the ratio of household income to need goes up the likelihood of IPV goes down. There is a strong relationship between a family’s socioeconomic status and the chances of a woman being a victim of IPV (Renzetti,

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) or Domestic Violence (DV) is “the willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual assault, and/or other abusive behavior as part of a systematic pattern of power and control perpetrated by one intimate partner against another. (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV), n.d.).” Many victims fail to report IPV because they only consider physical assault as a form abuse, however verbal abuse falls under IPV, as well as emotional and psychological abuse. In the state of California, 32.9% women and 27.3% have experienced some form of IPV, intimate partner sexual violence, or stalking (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV), n.d.). In order to reduce the rates of IPV, batter intervention programs were created. The goal of these programs was to psychoeducate the batter on IPV and its effects in an effort to prevent recidivism. However, research has shown that these programs have not been very effective and that some improvements must be made.

Although IPV occurs in all racial and socioeconomic groups there are some risk factors that increase the risk of intimate partner violence such as being of the female gender, unmarried, low socioeconomic class, young age, uninsured, history of and/or experiencing abuse in childhood, and unintended pregnancy (Bunn, Higa, Parker, & Kaneshiro, 2009; Gottlieb, 2012). Many women believe that during pregnancy the abuse will go away, but unfortunately often it does not (Smith, 2008). Abuse during pregnancy is dangerous to not only the health of the woman but also to that of the fetus. According to Smith (2008), women who are subjected to intimate partner violence during pregnancy are more likely to have pregnancy complications such as preterm labor, miscarriage, infants with low birth weight, sexually transmitted infections, fetal death, late entry into care, and use drugs and alcohol (Smith, 2008). Also there is an increase risk of domestic homicide if abuse is to occur

Domestic violence, also more known as Intimate Partner Violence, affects individuals in all social classes and racial/ethnic groups is a statement that has been said and taught over again for many years. Yes that statement above holds logic and truth, but there is also an inverse relationship to it. One of the most consistent findings from research is a strong inverse relationship between social class and intimate partner violence (Renzetti, 2009). In other words, as social class status goes up, cases of domestic violence goes down, and vice versa for lower social classes. Analyses of large, national surveys, for example, show that women living in households with the lowest annual incomes were five times more likely to have experienced

The authors explained that Intimate Partner Violence or IPV is violent crimes committed against a person by a “current or former spouses, boyfriends, or girlfriends. (Morris, Shoffner, & Newsome, 2009) The statistics

First, there are several measures the criminal justice system should take to reduce intimate partner violence. It is important to note that police officers often do not want to respond or make arrest in IPV cases since they can cause danger to the police, so arrest are often not made in these situations. However, after research was conducted in the Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment, they found that those who were arrested for IPV were less likely to commit these types of crimes in the future (Daigle 2013). This study resulted in several states adopting the mandatory arrest polices that require police officer to arrest those for IPV where probable cause and sufficient evidence are found for the arrest. I suggest that this policy should