Introduction
According to the World Bank, United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), and the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 23% of children in Ecuador have stunted growth and 6% are underweight (2016). Children who are malnourished, especially from the ages of 0-2 years, are at a heightened risk for long term physical, mental, and social consequences. According to Skolnik (2016), 45% of childhood deaths are related to poor nutrition (195). Nutrition is a key factor in many of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), either directly or indirectly. Ecuador is already on the right path to meet MDG 1: Eradicate Poverty and Hunger. Poor nutritional status is both a cause and a consequence of low economic
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Malnutrition can lead to a variety of deficiencies in essential vitamins and nutrients needed for a child to properly develop. In a study of nutritional status in Ecuadorian school-aged children done by Freire (2014), 25% of children are affected by zinc deficiency, 15% are vitamin A deficient, and 38% are iron deficient (1639). Malnutrition that leads to a child being underweight or overweight, weakens the individual’s body, and increases susceptibility to disease or infection. Action needs to be taken to ensure that the future leaders of communities in Ecuador are able to grow up healthy.
Populations Most Affected by Malnutrition in Ecuador All of the population of Ecuador is susceptible to malnutrition, however the most detrimental effects are seen in children. According to Freire et al. (2014), 13.1% of children with mothers who are obese or overweight had stunted growth due to malnutrition. From conception to age two, children are extremely vulnerable to stunted growth. Skolnik (2016) notes that children who exclusively breastfeed for six months are more likely to have better health outcomes than those who were not breastfed (198). Women in rural areas of Ecuador are more likely to breastfeed for longer, however in these areas there is not a proper transition to food of equal nutritional value, leading to malnutrition (Ortiz et al., 2014, 2128). During the developmental stage of life, it is essential for children to receive the
Malnutrition is being reported by medical professionals everywhere and is of major concern in almost every state in the nation. Children who suffer the effects of malnutrition contribute to a high number of those with negative health problems. Obesity is being associated as a side effect of malnutrition, as children who don’t get enough to eat regularly eat foods that are less healthy. Childhood hunger also contributes to health conditions like a deteriorated immune system, chronic fatigue, developmental problems, and behavioral issues. Many poor children in the United States today, experience an uneasy or painful sensation caused by lack of food, or hunger.
Despite the vast research on nutrition and health, malnutrition is still a major fatality in this present day. Policymakers, social scientist and medical experts have expressed alarm about the growing problem. While most agree that the issue deserves attention, consensus dissolves around how to respond and resolve the problem. Malnourishment continues to be a primary health liability in developing nations such as Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. It is globally the most significant risk factor for illness and death, predominantly with hundreds of millions of pregnant women
Malnutrition is a problem that is estimated to contribute to more than one third of death among children (WHO, 2014). Under nutrition is a form of malnutrition; it occurs when nutritional reserves are exhausted or nutritional intake is insufficient to satisfy daily needs or increased metabolic demands (Jarvis, 2013, p. 175). Prolonged periods in this state can lead to stunted growth which is associated with lower
Children in need of these nutrients can suffer from stunted growth never reaching potential height. Statistics have shown stunted growth children score significantly lower on intelligence tests than do normal children. Hunger interferes with physical, emotional and academic development. According to Freedom from Hunger, “more than 4 million children will die due to hunger related causes.” NASW(2016) shows an important connection food security and nutrition play in physical and mental health.
In its State of Food Insecurity in the World 2012 report, the United Nations found that nearly 870 million people around the globe are chronically malnourished (Ruttan 6). Chronic malnourishment weakens the immune system, and it significantly increases people's risk of contracting infectious diseases. As a result of the problem and severity of malnourishment, one of the United Nations top eight goals is to drastically reduce the number of people who suffer from this condition (Johnson 4). During the course of working towards their goal, the U.N. has identified agricultural growth as one of the most effective ways to reduce the prevalence of malnourishment. However, the United Nation has also determined that in order for agricultural growth
Like any country, there are a variety of health concerns. About 50 percent of the children are malnourished-phsycially and mentally. When people experience malnourishment, often times it can stunt people’s growth as such a young age. Some illnesses are heart disease, kidney damage, and anemia, which can lead into adulthood.
Hungry children are sick more often and more likely to visit the hospital and these costs result in higher health insurance rates and taxes. Health problems also carry into adulthood, which leads to additional health care costs, absenteeism, and poor performance at work. Hungry children experience lower academic achievement and have social and behavioral problems that carry over into the workforce. As a result, America's workforce is less competitive and less productive. Since the nation's growth depends on the health of America's children, eliminating child hunger should be a priority. Like a vaccine, good nutrition can prevent health problems and increase American productivity with the cooperation of public and private food assistance programs
“What does malnutrition look like? Most of us think of bloated bellies or skin and bones, but the appearance of a hungry child might surprise you. Internationally hunger often stunts growth. Imagine a 9-year-old who appears to be only 5” (“Feed the Children.” Feed). Almost 1 billion kids worldwide live in poverty and 1 in 4 children around the world suffer from malnutrition that stunts growth (“Feed the Children.” Give). This is a very big problem not only in America but everywhere else, malnutrition is the cause of almost half of child deaths each year around the world (“Feed the Children.” Give). It is close to impossible for a malnourished child to recover from diarrhea or to fight off a small illness because their immune system is just simply too weak (“Feed the Children.”
Political turmoil in the United States is difficult to keep up with; however, it is important to pay attention to foreign affairs as well. In the country of Guatemala fifty percent of children under the age of five are severely malnourished, the fourth highest rate of malnutrition in the world. Malnutrition is defined as the lack of proper nutrition, cause by not having enough to eat, causing failure to thrive. Americans need to work together to stop the detrimental effects of malnutrition by focusing on the agricultural, government involvement, and education. By looking at the food created in Guatemala, we can see how these children get their energy.
Different organizations are formed worldwide but it is mostly their mandates that categorically define the role they play. Among the most recognized, organizations that follow under the control of United Nations get an upper hand and it’s particularly made possible by the powers and control these organizations possess. This article attempts to compare and contrast the United Nations Security Council with the World Bank drawing conclusions from their mandate, style of functioning, governance and organizational culture among the key elements considered. Although they have an international outlook, there are various features within the organizations that depict them as different while others reveal elements that they share and value in common.
Hunger is a huge problem around the world. The people who do not get enough nutrients get sick. If children do not live a healthy life, their growth can be stunted. “795 million people in the world do not have enough food to lead a healthy, active life”. One of the places that is severely impacted by hunger issues is Cuba.
A large problem of childhood poverty is malnutrition. Since these children are growing up in poverty, many of the parents have a hard time supplying food for their kids. Surprisingly, there
Likewise, neonatal mortality rate is much higher Nicaragua at 9.1 per 1,000 birth whereas in Canada the number is 3.2 (WHO, 2017). An addi-tional fact is that the lack of proper nutrition as a result of poverty is stunting the growth of young children in Nicaragua (WHO, 2017). Not surprising, the number children under 5 years who are stunted is 25.2 (WHO, 2017).Hence, strategies need to be deployed towards reducing poverty and inequalities in Nicaragua.
Food security is currently one of the most urgent and critical issues in Guatemala, especially within children and indigenous people living in the rural highlands. Being one of the most malnourished countries in the world, half of all children under the age of five in Guatemala are malnourished and rates grow to 67% among indigenous children. Guatemala faces a myriad of health and nutrition obstacles which Sustain Our Home is hoping to alleviate.
Malnutrition is a serious health concern for people that are residing in Haiti, especially the children. Malnutrition has a serious effect on the body, “children [that] suffer from acute malnutrition are at a great risk for severe morbidity and mortality” (Roller, Gray, Previl, Forrest, 2014, p. 1094). There is no reason for these children to be suffering from malnutrition when there is such a simple solution to fix malnutrition. According to UNICEF the percent of children that are underweight and is considered moderate to severe is 11.4