Introduction. Glucagon And Insulin Are Hormones That Are

The purpose of this lab was to test different substances using various procedures to see what biomolecules were present and ultimately find out what restaurant Anna Lyza had eaten at before she died. For the first control test, we used vegetable oil to test for lipids. So, if the solution does not contain lipids, it does not become translucent when placed onto a paper bag square and held up to a light. So, it is a negative result. However, in the presence of lipids, the solution will become translucent when placed onto a paper bag square and held up to a light. Therefore in this case, the result is positive. On the other hand, we used albumin egg to test for proteins in another control test. If the solution does not contain proteins, it will not experience any color change and so it is a negative result. When there are proteins existing in the solution, it will turn bluish/purplish and for this reason it is a positive result. Furthermore in the third control test, we used dextrose to test for simple carbohydrates such as glucose. If the solution does not contain simple carbohydrates, it will not undergo any color change and will remain a blue color. So, it is a negative result in this circumstance. If there are simple carbohydrates present in the solution, the solution will turn reddish and so the result is positive. For the last control test, we used starch solution to test

The null hypothesis will be that the test tubes with an increase in temperature, pH values, enzyme concentrations, and substrate concentration will have a very small color change or no color change at all. The alternate hypothesis is that the test tubes containing an increase in temperature, pH values, enzyme concentrations, and substrate concentration will all have an intense color change; the more the change, the more intense the color change will be.

Create a control group by testing the three reagents in distilled water. Fill three tubes one centimeter of the length with distilled water. With a permanent marker, label the test tubes according to which reagent will be used. In order to test for sugars, preheat a beaker that is three-fourths full of tap water and bring the water to a boil. In the first test tube, drop five drops of biuret reagent to test for protein, in the second, drop five drops of iodine to test for starches, and in the third, drop five drops of Benedict’s reagent to test for sugars. Using a tube grabber, place only Benedict’s reagent test tube in the boiling water for a total time of three minutes. Using the tube grabber, carefully remove the Benedict’s reagent tube from the boiling water and record the color of all 3 liquids in the test tubes. Place the tubes in the

Colorimetric assay is a process of determining a concentration of a solution based on absorbance of light. The purpose of this lab is to determine if the Bradford assay is an accurate way to determine an unknown concentration of two samples of protein. The Bradford assay is done by measuring wavelength of light passing through a cuvette filled with Bradford dye and concentrations of PBS and proteins. After the cuvettes are mixed they are placed into a spectrophotometer to measure wavelength. The wavelength given will be used to plot a standard curve based on concentration (x-axis) and wavelength (y-axis). The standard curve is then used to measure an educated guess on the concentrations of unknown protein concentrations. We hypothesized that if we use the Bradford assay and colorimetric spectrophotometry we can determine an accurate concentration of two unknown concentrations of proteins. The results of this lab failed to reject our hypothesis based on accurate measurements of protein concentrations. The standard curves are drawn with a linear increasing slope. The Bradford assay is an accurate way to demine the concentration of an unknown concentration.

Answer 1: Insulin and glucagon work together to keep glucose levels in the blood within the

The same type of experimental process was used in the other experiments of temperature, and enzyme, substrate, and ionic concentration. For example, for temperature, they replaced the distilled water in the cuvettes with water of different temperatures of 3, 15, 25,37,and 100 degrees Celsius. Then, after the colorimeter was calibrated, the absorbance and transmittance of the data was collected for 2 minutes in increments of 20

The Congo red solution is used to mimic blood and the yellow food color mimics the excretory product of the kidney. When a mixture of Congo red, yellow food color and water were mixed and taken in a dialysis bag, the yellow food color diffuses out into the surrounding water in which the dialysis bag is suspended. At the end of the experiment, the contents in the dialysis bag represent the blood; the contents of the beaker represent the urine formed. The beaker has a slight yellow tinge that results from the yellow food color.

We then recorded the initial color. We placed each tube in boiling water for one minute and recorded the color results and gave our conclusion. To test for starch using Lugol’s solution, we reused the test tubes and added a squirt of the solution. We recorded the final color and then our conclusion for each content. To test for lipids using paper towels, we placed a drop of solution and we let it stand for one minute. We then recorded our observation, if it was dry or not dry and wrote our conclusion for each sample. To test for proteins using Biuret’s reagent, we added a squirt of stock solution plus a few drops of Biuret’s solution. We wrote the initial color. We then shook the solution and waited for two minutes before recording the results. After the two minutes, we wrote the final color and conclusion for each content. For the unknowns, we wrote the odor and appearance of each content and then tested the benedict’s, starch, lipid, and protein test and wrote our conclusion.

One milliliter of liquid was pipetted into three test tubes each making a total of nine test tubes. Biurets reagent, Lugol’s iodide, and Benedict’s solution were the reagents used to help identify the unknowns. One milliliter of each reagent was added to one protein test tube, one starch test tube, and one glucose test tube. We placed the test tubes with Benedict’s solution in a hot water bath for 5 minutes and recorded what happened. The three supplements acquired were tested using the same techniques used above and were compared to each other. The objective in this experiment was to determine what was in each

eventually become insulin dependent due to the loss of pancreatic beta cells.3 Glycemic control is

Before blood continues to the heart, it must first travel through the liver to metabolize the substances from the GI tract. The carbohydrates that are in the food processing through the GI tract that is then transported to the liver is where it creates, stores, and releases glucose. At this point, the liver helps maintain a normal glucose levels within the blood flowing through the hepatic system. If sugar levels (glucose) were to start getting too high, the pancreas will start producing insulin to help the liver maintain the glucose levels. The drugs that the GI tract absorbs usually loses their potency before it reaches circulation of the blood because the liver processes and metabolizes them. At rest the liver consumes about 20% of total body

According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary (“Physiology,” n.d.), physiology is defined as a branch of biology that deals with the functions and activities of life or of living matter and of the physical and chemical phenomena observed. Compared to physiology, pathophysiology is a much more specific section of physiology that deals specifically with the functional changes that accompany a particular syndrome or disease (“Pathophysiology,” n.d.). Braun and Anderson (2011) discuss that

After the 30 minutes, the color was observed and recorded on the data sheet. The dialysis tubing was removed from the beaker and a small slice was made, we then used a glucose indicator strip to test for the presence of glucose, along with the solution in the beaker. The results were then recorded in table 1on the data sheet.

Name ____________________________ I) Introduction All cells contain four major types of macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. In today’s lab, we will be studying three of the four-proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Various chemical tests can be used to detect the presence of each of these molecules. Most of the tests involve a color change visible to the eye. If a color change is observed, the test is considered positive. If the color change is not observed, the test is negative, indicating that a particular molecule is not present. In all the chemical tests we will be performing, we will also be using a control. In most cases, the control will be a sample of

Solutions and color reaction for Benedict’s test for reducing sugars and 2 iodine test for starch