Introduction
The debating question concerning marketing whether it is a form of science or art has long been a controversial subject. Scholars over the past several decades have constantly argued attempting to classify and prove the term marketing belonging into either the art and science category.
Marketing is derived by which a product/service originate, priced, promoted and placed/distributed to people who consume them. It involves lots of preparations, developments, organizing and decision making for all the four P(s) of marketing. People’s general misconception of the term ‘marketing’ is that it is an artistic field whereby the role of marketers is to be creative, innovative and thus cook up impressive actions and put their ideas
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The diagram above further illustrates Arndt’s scientific marketing theory by dividing four factors (subjective, objective, harmony and conflict) containing four models (logical empiricist, sociopolitical, subjective world and liberation).
Marketing Institutes and Association
Generally, science is classified as a method by which scientists and academics venture to erect a precise, consistent and logical representation or interpretation of a particular subject. Science also involves empirical research or otherwise knowledge, especially gained through experience.
Referring back to the milestones of marketing development, The American Marketing Association, a professional association for individuals and companies worldwide associated with marketing was founded in 1937 and based in North America. The establishment of AMA was resulted in a merger of National Association of Marketing Teachers (NAMT) and American Marketing Society (AMS).
AMA’s website (2004) approved and defined the role of marketing as a linkage between buyers and sellers through a flow of information which is used to identify and define the marketing prospects and issues from generating, refining and evaluating marketing actions to monitoring marketing performance as well as improving the understanding of marketing as a process. Therefore, the study in marketing involves the information required to
Marketing Plays a vital role in a business, because of marketing the business can offer their offerings and to their customers and provides the services. Marketing is a combination of 4 P’s which are Product, Prize, Place and promotion, to Analysis the marketing of this business, I am explaining the
Marketing is defined as the science and art of exploring, shaping and fulfilling the need of the customers. As it is manifested in the definition that Marketing is a blend of Science and Art; therefore, it can be inferred that both the terms have a strong connection with it.
Marketing is an indispensable tool which every company applies in their day to day running and management. Marketing focuses on how to reach consumers and create awareness of the available products and services offered by a particular company, (Hulepete & Hathcote, 2005). While doing marketing, a general assumption is made that the message will reach targeted markets and will be perceived by the consumers as intended by the sender. Due to the coming of several companies to form a particular industry based on the similarity of the products or complimentary nature of the products and services offered, marketing has become quite popular across the globe, (Hulepete & Hathcote, 2005). Each company within the industry uses every available channel to make their products and services visible to the consumers.
1. Marketing is: a) About invention of new markets, new products and new services b) About the invention of new ways of distributing and reaching customers c) About researching, finding, understanding and making new markets d) About creating and changing market processes that change markets e) All of the above 2. A responsibility of marketers is to sell new products and ideas to decision-makers in their organization. a) Yes b) No 3. The focus of companies needs to be on winning: a) The product innovation race b) The distribution innovation race c) Both a and b d) Either a or b e) None of the above 4. There are times when it helps for a marketing executive to support the status quo and to promote long established and
Dann, S. & Dann, S. (2004), Introduction to marketing, John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd., Milton, Queensland. HMV revised 2005, viewed 28 Jul. 2005,
1. Marketing management an artistic exercise and therefore highly subjective versus marketing management is largely a scientific excercise with well established guidelines and criteria
The action or business of promoting and selling products or services including market research and advertising, or in other words Marketing is an activity, set of organisations, and processes for producing, communicating, delivering and exchanging contributions that have value for customers, clients, partners and society at large. And this is management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customers.
Marketing can be defined as a discipline that involves researching and developing a product and then facilitating the sales and distribution of said product to the general public. Marketing has been around for a long time, and has been constantly evolving to meet the needs and purchasing behaviors of consumers. Marketing today is very different from what it used to be a few decades ago, mainly due to a rapidly changing world economy and the development of fast and virtually free knowledge distribution and exchange. Marketing faces many new challenges in the 21st century but none for important than the surge of globalization and information technology, both which impact current businesses more than any other factors. These 2
As of today, we understand marketing to be a process where the goal is to know the needs of the costumer, and match these with the organizations ability to fulfill these expectations. For this to happen successfully, it is important that the organizations understands both who the costumer is, what value the costumer requires, as well as how to deliver this value in the best possible way. Had it not been for the history of marketing as we know it, our view on modern marketing might have been very different. Whether the difference would have made a positive or negative impact is hard to know, but one thing is certain. The history of marketing is important to understand in order to learn about marketing itself.
“Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives” (AMA, 1985).
The average person may not realize that marketing is a complex network of processes; not just product advertising (Kerin, Hartley, & Rudelius, 2011). One might think of marketing as just the product advertising side of things in the world of goods and services. A large amount of people might not understand that marketing is a much more diverse set of steps, not just billboards and commercials. Marketing is the process that covers product distribution and concepts ranging all the way from realization of consumer needs to satisfaction of the need with a finished product or service (Kerin et al, 2011). This process is covered through the four factors of the marketing mix (Kerin et al, 2011).
Marketing as defined by many marketers as they start out in the industry is “Putting the right product in the right place, at the right price, at the right time.”
Marketing is the sometimes the soul reason a product is chosen. Whether it is something one needs or it is an everyday service provided, how this is marketed can be the reason one business is so successful and another is not.
American Marketing Association (AMA) describes marketing as the set of actions and processes within the company that generate, communicate and deliver offers that have some sort of value for the customers and the general public (link to source). Dr. Philip Kotler provides another description for the marketing and defines it as “the science and art of exploring, creating, and delivering value to satisfy the needs of a target market at a profit" (link to source). Marketing helps to recognise unsatisfied customer needs. It also outlines the potential market with profit and designs suitable products for it.