Experiences of the non-Europeans in Australia
The ‘Afghans’ The first 18 ‘Afghans’ emigrated from British India to Australia in 1838, they were considered as cameleers seeing that they had brought camels with them to Australia. In 1886, 31 cameleers and 100 camels migrated to Australia and in 1884, 56 cameleers and 300 camels migrated to Australia. ‘Afghans’ came from numerous countries around the Middle East and Asia such as Turkey, Afghanistan, India etc. but as numbers started to increase, the Europeans wanted to prevent any other ‘Afghans’ coming into Australia, however the Europeans were ignorant of the an important roles the ‘Afghans’ played in the inland telegraph line in Adelaide to Darwin during the late
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Despite their thoughts some Japanese left Japan during the late 1800s (1880s-1890s) and migrated to Australia, the Japanese that migrated to Australia worked in the Australian pearl industry or worked in the sugar cane industry. Once the Japanese had gained enough money, they bought their own ships and started their own pearl businesses. By 1897 the Japanese industry was bigger than the Europeans, and they had over 1000 workers in their industry in the early 1900s. The Japanese’s pearl industry made lots of money and profit, that when the immigration restriction act was enforced, they allowed the Japanese pearl workers to go back and forth from Australia. In 1947 most of Japanese in Australia immigrate back to Japan after the war, which affected the population of the Japanese in Australia, it decreased to 96, yet in 1961 the population increased to 606
During the years from 1914 - 1918 Australia was at constant battle all over the world fighting for the british. With battles deaths always follow. So many people say, “what did we ever gain from WW1 we lost so many people as a country”. Although we lost almost 60,000 men and 150,000 wounded or taken prisoner. After the war the British Government offered ex-servicemen free transportation to some of the colonies, 17,000 migrants arrived in Australia between 1919 and 1922. Community organisations paid for migrants to come over to Australia. Small numbers also arrived independently. It was also said that up to 300,000 men came over from britain post war to live. The British government gave an incentive to migrate over because so many people
The Hungarian migrants who came to Australia after World War II were mainly refugees following the Hungarian
For many years Asian Migrants were restricted from entering Australia and found it difficult to migrate due to discriminatory political policies. The main policies were the ‘dictation test’, the policy of ‘Assimilation’ and the ‘White Australia’ policy. The main Asian Migration wave occurred in 1976 after the Vietnam War forced many people to leave there homes and come here to Australia. These Asian Migrants arrived in Australia by boat which was usually very over crowded. The cause of
Also during this time, Italian labourers that arrived in Australia worked in the cane fields
The immigration of Vietnamese people to Australia has been occurring for over 40 years in this period of time the reason for migration has changed with the times, but predominantly began with the conflict between North and South Vietnam. With the end of WW2 in 1945, many counties and regions had been greatly affected, including the Pacific, Asia and Europe. The rise of communism, beginning in Russia, and slowly spreading to China was soon adopted by the Northern portion of Vietnam. After declaring independence in 1954, Vietnam divided into North and South Vietnam. Only a few years later the North spread their power and overtook the South, of which resulted in the whole country being ruled by communism.
Japanese immigrants left their homelands for destinations in the United States as early as the 1790s. More than 100,000 people filtered into employment in the sugar cane fields of Hawaii, where the pull of work and good wages offered promising economic opportunity. By 1860, many Americans owned sugar plantations, who - aided by the United States military, attempted colonialization of Hawaii, against their will – and in an 1887 treaty, established a naval base at Pearl Harbor. On the mainland, immigrants arrived in numbers surpassing 200,000 during the period between 1900 – 1920. While the Japanese competed with “native-born” or immigrant residents in both locations, especially in California, they faced distrust and discrimination in seeking profitable livelihood.
Japanese first generation immigrants started to come to the United States when there was a high demand for immigrant workers around 1880.
Japan at the turn of the century was clearly trying to westernize and change is isolated society into one more intellectually and scientifically involved with the rest of the world. When the Japanese open their ports to the western civilization food and merchandise were not the only things being traded. When ports were open the western way of living was integrated with the Japanese culture which gradually changed the way the
Chinese Presence in Australia by Andrew Tran During the late 1800s, many Chinese came to Australia in search of freedom and wealth. However, when the Chinese arrived to Australia, they were treated with great hostility, racism and resentment from the European society. This was due to the very strange and unusual Chinese customs that the Australians/Europeans saw. Soon, the Australian government introduced the ‘White Australia Policy.’
The ending of World War 2 was a significant event in the early nineteenth century in which killed over 60 million people. With World War 2 beginning in 1945, it triggered numerous disasters that caused chaos to the world and carried out the seriousness of re-populating our society. Some people may think that the ending of world war 2 had no contribution on leading migrants to Australia, but It was in fact one of the most significant event in history that contributed to migration in Australia. This event created a dramatic change in our world is what helped to revolutionize our society. The Ten Pound Pom Scheme, Populate or Perish and the Displace Person Scheme were all main factors after the ending of the World War 2 that helped contribute to the migration to Australia.
In the 1880’s, America began seeing the first Japanese immigrants arrive in the Pacific Northwest. The Japanese came to this country searching for a better life. Many hoped to begin a new life in America where they could raise their families. There were others who came here merely to earn and save money only to return to Japan later on. The Japanese people who began their lives in America experienced little racism and discrimination, that is, before December 7th, 1941 when the country of Japan bombed the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. After this event, the Japanese-American people’s lives would change dramatically.
There were essentially two reasons the afghans were here in Australia, the main reason being to care for the camels who were brought out to help with transportation in the dry and hotter areas of Australia, as horses and wagons were unable to adapt to the climate and harsh conditions of the Australian outback and desert areas. The other being, a large number of the afghans were looking to find new jobs which were able to provide them enough money to care and support their families. The afghans knew that they would be able to adapt to the harsh weather conditions and believed this would be their best chance to earn good money whilst using techniques they’d learnt back home. Some of them brought their families with them and
It was in 1945 following the end of WWII that thee Chifley Labour Government established the Department of Immigration with Arthur Calwell at its head. The department used the slogan ‘Populate or Perish’ to promote the idea of increase Australia’s population to the people. The surrounding events such as the recent war and vulnerability to border security breech by the Japanese on top of the small population, convinced the then prime minister Ben Chifley and the Australian public that immigration was vital to the nation’s survival.
After the Second World War and as a result of the war creating lots of refugees, the Australian Labor government launched an ambitious new immigration program, which meant that for the first time Australia would accept non-British European immigrants. During 1951 and 1952, the Australian government signed agreements to accept Dutch, Italian, Austrian, Belgian, Greek, Spanish and West German immigrants.
From 1639, Japan kept control on emigration of its people to Europe and to its colonies. But soon after the arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry in 1853, trade of gunships started between the United States and Japan (USA.gov). This exposed Japanese to another culture, which had an impact on their life. This resulted in a great change of social life in Japan because life in America represented a model way and motivated Japanese to migrate there.