Lung Cancer: A Case Study

Lung Cancer, like any other type of cancer, is the uncontrollable growth of cells in the lung tissue. The main causes that contribute to lung cancer include inhaling carcinogens (basically, smoking), exposure to ionizing radiation, viral infections and even air pollution. These factors basically damage the tissues lining the bronchi in the lung, leading the cancer to develop further (Vaporciyan & Nesbitt JC, 2000). Primary lung cancers that develop in the epithelial tissues of the lung are known as carcinomas and claim the top spot in terms of leading cancer-related death causes. As of 2004, lung cancer

There are clinical trials that are working through new chemotherapy regimens, precision medicine or targeted therapy, ALCHEMIST, AGFR, angiogenesis inhibitors, cryotherapy, and IGRT. Surgery includes pneumonectomies, segmentectomies, lobectomies, and thoractomies. A pneumonectomy is the removal of the entire lung; a segmentectomy is the removal of a small segment of the lung; a lobectomy is the removal of a lobe of the lung; and a thoracotomy is the removal of cancerous lung tissues. In some cases, chemotherapy will follow up a surgery for lung cancer. Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to treat a disease. With cancer, there is adjuvant chemotherapy and preoperative chemotherapy. Adjuvant is after surgery while preoperative is before surgery. If a patient is of advanced age, or has other medical conditions that will make it harder for the patient to undergo surgery, they can have radiation done. Radiation uses high energy particles or waves to damage cancer cells. Lastly there is a combination of these techniques. A patient can have radiation before a surgery, chemotherapy before a surgery or after, or a patient can have a combination of radiation and chemotherapy. A patient can pick any way they would like, but the choice needs to look at how the patient is doing, what stage they are in, any other medical problems, and how they want to feel going through all of

Lung Cancer Staging is a way of describing a cancer, such as the size of the tumor and where it has spread. Staging is the most important tool doctors have to determine a

Staging is used to locate cancer and to see if it's affecting any parts of the body. Doctors use staging in order to understand what stage of lung cancer a patient has. Once the stage is determined doctors will figure out what she should be used to cure the cancer. Lung cancer is different in each person, and treatment works differently for each tumor. Stages are determined by the size of the tumor, the location of the tumor, and whether the cancer has spread throughout the body. The first stage is stage 0. This stage means that the cancer is in place and it has not moved through the body. The

The Lung Cancer is the major of the cancer death. According to the data from Australian government on 2011, it showed the death rate is far higher than other disease, all because its early symptoms are non-evident, that lead to most of the sufferers are often missed the best time for treatment. Lung Cancer occurs when there has the uncontrolled cells growth in the lung tissues, these cells normally lining on the air passages, then forms a tumour which can be small-cell carcinoma or non-small-cell carcinoma. The five year survival rate of the person who with Lung Cancer is less than 14%(EWTERY).

Stage 2 and Stage 3 cancer has invaded the chest (if large tumors are present its stage 3)

There are four stages of non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell patients are diagnosed “Stage 1” when the cancer has not

Lung cancer is “the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in one or both lungs”. These abnormal cells do not carry out the functions of normal lung cells and do not develop into healthy lung tissue. As they grow, “the abnormal cells can form tumors and interfere with the functioning of the lung, which provides oxygen to the body via the blood”. There are two major types of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Staging lung cancer is based on whether the cancer is local or has spread from the lungs to the lymph nodes or other organs. Because the lungs are large, tumors can grow in them for a long

The leading cause of cancer death for both men and women in the United States and worldwide is lung cancer. Lung cancer is responsible for thirty percent of cancer deaths in the United States. The deaths caused by breast cancer, colon cancer and prostate cancer combined do not add up to the deaths that lung cancer causes. In 2007, 158,683 people, 88,243 men and 70,354 women died from lung cancer in the United States (Eldridge, 2012). Out of the 158,683 people that died from lung cancer in 2007, 135,000 of them died of lung cancer caused by smoking cigarettes. The overall survival rate of those with lung cancer is at about fifteen percent.

Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, according to the World Health Organisation. In the UK, it 's the second most-frequently occurring cancer among men (after prostate cancer), accounting for 1 in 7 new cases, and the third most-frequently diagnosed cancer in women (after breast and bowel cancer) accounting for about 1 in 9 new cases. However, numbers have dropped considerably in recent times, by about 16% in the last decade alone.

A doctor can diagnose lung cancer through many tests. The doctor can have x-rays and CAT scans done to see what the inside of the lungs look like. By doing this that doctor is able to see what stage the cancer is in. A doctor may also do a test called a bronchoscope. This test allows the doctor to look inside the bronchial tubes and biopsy the tumor. The doctor then can take a small amount of the cells to study them to determine if the unusual cells are cancerous. If the cells turn out to be cancerous then the patient is in for many months even years of harsh treatment.

Lung cancer is a disease that effects the lungs. This type of cancer initiates in the lungs. The lungs are two spongy like organs in the chest that take in oxygen when you inhale and release carbon dioxide when you exhale. People who smoke have the greatest risk of lung cancer. The risk increases with the numbers if cigarettes you have smoked. If a person quit smoking, they can reduce the chances of developing lung, cancer. It is estimated that about 90% of male lung cancer deaths and 75–80% of lung cancer deaths in the US are caused by smoking each year. Lung cancer has the lead in the most cancer deaths in the United States, with over 158,900 deaths in 1999, and worldwide, lung cancer kills over 1 million people a year.

Lung cancer is a malignant transformation and growth of the cells of the lung and the airway tissues. It is usually divided into two main types: Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC, 15%) and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC, 85%) with the latter further subdivided into several subtypes such as Squamous, Large Cell, and Adenocarcinoma among other rare subtypes. Each subtype has its own unique growth and spread pattern with some being more aggressive than others. Lung cancer is staged according to the American Joint Committee by the TNM system, where T stands for the size, N for nodal involvement and M for the presence of distant metastases. The knowledge of the lung cancer main types, subtypes and stage, and the presence of specific molecular and genetic signatures, help the clinician determine the treatment approaches be it surgical, radiation, chemotherapy and the combination of, in addition to the appropriate type of chemotherapy.

Cancer is the most significant cause of death for both men and women is measured to be the main cause of cancer decease worldwide, and it is complex to detect in its early stages because symptoms emerge only in the advanced stages causing the mortality rate to be the highest among all other types of cancer. More people die since of lung cancer than any other types of cancer such as breast, colon, and prostate cancers. There is major evidence indicating that the early detection of lung cancer will reduce mortality rate. The majority recent estimate according to the latest figures provided by world health organization indicates that around 7.6 million deaths worldwide each year because of this type of cancer. Furthermore, mortality from cancer

When these cells grow rapidly, they will form tumors. There are two types of lung that are known today, non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is the more popular of the two with 75%, it grows at a slower rate than the cancer cells of small cell lung cancer.