Menace of Dengue
Dengue is an arbovirus disease caused by any one of four closely related viruses that do not provide cross-protective immunity; a person can be infected as many as four times, once with each serotype. Dengue viruses are transmitted from person to person by the Aedes aegypti mosquito in the domestic environment. Periodic epidemics have occurred in the Western Hemisphere for over 200 years. In the past 20 years, however, dengue transmission and frequency of epidemics have increased greatly in most tropical countries of the American, African and Asian region. As this has occurred, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) has emerged and produced epidemics in many countries of the region.
What is Dengue?
The first reported epidemics of
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Reasons:
The transmission of the virus to mosquitoes must be interrupted to prevent the illness. To this end, patients are kept under mosquito netting until the second bout of fever is over and they are no longer contagious.
The prevention of dengue requires control or eradication of the mosquitoes carrying the virus that causes dengue. In nations plagued by dengue fever, people are urged to empty stagnant water from old tires, trash cans, and flower pots. Governmental initiatives to decrease mosquitoes also help to keep the disease in check but have been poorly effective.
To prevent mosquito bites, wear long pants and long sleeves. For personal protection, use mosquito repellant sprays that contain DEET when visiting places where dengue is endemic. There are no specific risk factors for contracting dengue fever, except living in or traveling to an area where the mosquitoes and virus are endemic. Limiting exposure to mosquitoes by avoiding standing water and staying indoors two hours after sunrise and before sunset will help. The Aedes aegypti mosquito is a daytime biter with peak periods of biting around sunrise and sunset. It may bite at any time of the day and is often hidden inside homes or other dwellings, especially in urban areas.
There is currently no vaccination available for dengue fever. There is a vaccine undergoing clinical trials, but it is too early to tell if it will be safe or effective. Early results of clinical
Pest Control Frisco Tx wants to help protect you and your family from the potential health problems associated with mosquitoes. There are several dangerous virus strains that are spread through mosquitoes including West Nile and Zika. You can reduce the chances of your family becoming sick from West Nile or Zika by protecting them from mosquito bites. These tips will give you the information you need to protect your family from mosquito bites while they are outdoors.
Mosquitoes are the host to many diseases the pose a threat to humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Endemic birds are the most affected by the transmission of avian diseases through mosquitoes. Controlling the mosquito popular is key in bringing back the native bird population.
West Niles Virus is a virus that is transmitted from mosquito to aves and mammals via infected mosquito bites and is prevalent within most of the Continental United States. It is reported that, “40 states have recorded cases of West Nile Virus” (Jolly par. 4). The complications with mosquito bites is problematic because of the spread of disease is due to the infected mosquitos and there is a need to implement a control systems to decreased swarms of mosquitos, in particular within Maricopa County. This cause is important because I have recently been diagnosed as having West Niles Virus. There is no current vaccination for humans against the West Niles Virus, the only way to reduce chances of contracting the virus would be through prevention
Now, vaccinations are recommended for those who want to travel to some parts in South America and Africa (mayoclinic, 2014). Only a safe and very effective vaccine can prevent the Yellow Fever. Five of the most common preventions are being aware of peak mosquito hours (which is usually from dusk to dawn), wearing proper clothing (like long sleeved shirts and long pants), avoiding outside exercises when mosquitoes are active, being in air-conditioned or well screened houses and using an EPA registered repellent (CDC, 2014).
CNN observes that the west nile virus is an illness spread by infected mosquitoes. The west nile virus has killed many people and you should use bug spray when you go outside mainly at night. The symptoms of the west nile virus take a while to show up and sometimes you will have this virus but get no symptoms. West nile virus can be deadly and harmless, but then when you get it who knows if it will be bad or good. (“CNN” 2016). This evidence supports my thesis statement because it answers
The Dengue virus is currently the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral infection in the world. Yearly, it brings 50 million infections and a minimum of 1200 deaths. Originally, Dengue fever was transmitted to apes and monkeys by the Aedes stegomia mosquito, and rarely directly to humans. The main reason Dengue has been spreading increasingly over the past 25 years is because of the urbanization of tropical environments. The destruction of the jungles for habitation put humans in close range of the natural Dengue hosts, causing an outbreak of the virus in the human species (Macklin, 2014). In this case, the human impact on the viruses was the human interference with the environment in which this virus
This includes many of the precautionary steps taken with Malaria as stated before. Check any travel plans, or even where you live because WNV is commonly found in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, North America and West Asia. WNV is maintained in nature in a cycle involving transmission between birds and mosquitoes (West Nile Virus, 2011). Also, since WNV outbreaks in animals precede human cases, the establishment of an active animal health surveillance system to detect new cases in birds and horses is essential in providing early warning for veterinary and human public health authorities. In the Americas, it is important to help the community by reporting dead birds to local authorities (West Nile Virus,
West Nile Virus (WNV) is a disease that generally is transmitted by mosquitos and can infect a number of organisms along with humans. Typically this virus reaches its peak of transmission when mosquitoes are most prevalent throughout the year, these months being from spring to fall. Fortunately, those who are infected with this illness generally do not show symptoms but those who do, can develop a fever which can sometimes result in a wide range of symptoms even death. It is important to take precautions during the peak months of mosquito abundance; precautions include wearing clothing that covers the body or even wearing bug repellent. It is important to understand this disease because it affects the human species and can result in death. Furthermore, we have seen a fluctuation in where this disease occurs over the years. We may see an outbreak in one state, but the following year may be different and no outbreak may occur. Lastly, the goal of this study is to investigate and determine what variables contribute to these fluctuations in this avian borne illness.
Each year, about 100-200 suspected cases have been reported in the United States brought by travelers. Dengue is transmitted through a mosquito bite that is infected with the dengue virus. "The mosquito becomes infected with dengue virus when it bites a person who has dengue and after about a week can transmit the virus while biting a healthy person" (CDC, 2012). Everyone is susceptible to dengue. There is no vaccine available. The best preventive measure is to eliminate places where mosquitos lay their eggs, most especially in big containers, or properly covered. Utilizing air conditioners and screened doors and windows and appropriate use of insect repellants could decrease the spread of infection. Community education and effort to increase awareness about dengue, recognizing it and controlling the transmission process is an important role the nurse and the community needs to collaborate to break the chain of infection and prevent the spread of
The most effective way is vaccination. Vaccination can protect a person for 10 years. Vaccination has been seen to cause side effects. Such as mild headaches, fatigue, and soreness around the injection site. The best ages vaccination is people aging from 9 months to 60 years old. Another method of yellow fever prevention is mosquito protection. One way to prevent mosquitos is to avoid nonessential outside activities during the most active mosquito months. Another way is to wear clothes that cover all of your skin when going outside. If you are in a house that does not have good screens then bed nets should be used to keep out mosquitos while you sleep. Finally, always use mosquito repellent when going outdoors (CDC,
That’s why genetically modifying is the best way to go. This method ensures the safety of the population and some other animals for that matter. It changes some of the genetics so they are immune to whatever they want it be immune from. This method also ensures the safety of the population because they can breed. And when they breed their genetics go to their “children” causes them to be immune too. But I think the best option to go with is to use genetically modifying. And while they are at it the scientists might as well kill off all of the blood sucking mosquitos but leave the other ones alone. Only because the blood suckers are the only one that can transmit diseases to humans.
Aedes mosquitos are dangerous invasive species and disease vectors who originally came from Asian tropical territories. Due to the global change of the climate, it became possible for Aedes mosquitos to habitat in many suitable for them territories (1). Aedes albopictus is one of the 2, which had adjusted to most of the places in the world with warm enough climate to survive. The major reason that this species has massively invaded worldwide, is due to their plasticity (2). Another threatening species is Aedes aegypti, which has certain homology, but in contrast, could only exist in warmer zones with a tropical climate and high humidity. It results in less massive population range comparing to the Asian Tigers (3). Aedes aegypti occupies warm pleases like Africa, many islands, southern parts of the Europe, and U.S., and with the greatest population outgrows is in Southern America and Caribbean aria (4). The main cause of Aedes emigration was the international trade of the objects, such as tires, into many parts of the world (2). The current anthropological influence, which supports high population size of Aedes aegypti, is increased water collection during rain seasons, and storage in urban places, in countries with the tropical climate (5). The main problem caused by the Aedes albopictus and Aedes eagypti is the threat to the human health by transmitting vector-borne disease, and their population outgrowth that causes epidemics (3).
Dengue is believed to have originated in primates before jumping to humans via an insect vector 100 – 800 years ago in either Southeast Asia or Africa. (cdc.gov/dengue/epidemiology) Dengue became a prevalent issue during the 20th century as a result of the Second World War inadvertently transporting the insect vector from place to place along with cargo. (cdc.gov/dengue/epidemiology) This caused outbreaks in Thailand and the Philippines in the 1950’s and in the 80’s cases began to crop up in Latin America and the Caribbean. (cdc.gov/dengue/epidemiology)
Dengue Fever is a well-known arbovirus infection persistently affecting the tropical and subtropical areas sharing similar characteristics of overcrowding, clammy warm climate, poor economic and moving toward industrialization. (1) The incidence of dengue fever is escalating each year mostly in Southeast Asia, America and the Pacific’s adding to the world’s burden of the disease (1,2) Dengue virus is a member of flavivirus genus family that includes also West Nile virus, yellow fever, zika and Japanese encephalitis virus (1). Four serotypes of dengue virus identified DENV 1-4 transmitted by the Aedes aegypti and Ades albopictus mosquitoes (3) Clinical diagnosis of dengue fever remains a challenge and requires high index of suspicion. This could be attributed to the non-specific signs and symptoms in acute phase which mimic many other febrile illnesses (1). It has a spectrum of symptoms ranging from mild self-limiting symptoms (fever, headache, retro-orbital pain, weakness, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, vomiting, rash and sore throat) to severe life threatening; dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSH) (3,4). The disease has an incubation period of 2-7 days and has been classified into primary and secondary infection, depending on whether there is no previous exposure to dengue virus or flavivirus related vaccine (primary) or there is past exposure (secondary) (1,4).
on this earth , approximately more than one-third of the world’s population are at risk for infection by dengue virus. Dengue virus is a very important cause of sickness and mortality in the areas located on tropics and subtropics. Approximately 400 million people are infected yearly. (CDC) There are not yet any vaccines available to prevent infection with dengue virus. The most efficient measures are those that avoid mosquito bites, vector control and precautions. After