Mental Health Case Studies

The interviewee is asked to identify a “target” trauma, or index trauma, to link the symptoms with, however it can also be utilized to assess symptoms of any interviewee identified trauma (V. This version of the CPSS-I-5 assesses symptoms occurring only in the past month (Foa & Chapaldi, 2012). The CPSS-I-5 differs from the CPSS-SR (or Child PTSD Symptom Scale-Self Report) in that the CPSS-I-5 is completed in an interview format where the interviewer reads the questions out loud to the client versus the CPSS-SR where the client fills it out independently. The assessment yields a total symptom severity score ranging from 0-80, and a total severity-of-impairment score ranging from 0-28 across 7 domains (Foa et. al., 2001). On both CPSS-I and CPSS-SR, receiving a score of 0-10 results in a below threshold score of PTSD symptoms, 11-15 results in a subclinical-mild score of PTSD symptoms, 16-20 results in a mild score of PTSD symptoms, 21-25 results in a moderate score of PTSD symptoms, 26-30 results in a moderately severe score of PTSD symptoms, 31-40 results in a severe score of PTSD symptoms and 41-51 results in a score of extremely severe symptoms (Foa et. al., 2001). Both the CPSS-I and CPSS-SR have displayed good to excellent reliability and validity (Gillihan et al., 2013). One-week test-rest reliability was assessed for CPSS-SR and received a reliability score of r=.86. CPSS-I scores was also excellent (r = .87) (Gillihan, Et. Al., 2013). Both the CPSS-SR and the CPSS-I demonstrated symptom based diagnostic agreement of 85.5% (Gillihan, Et. Al.,

It has been observed that sexually abused children tend to be less socially competent, more aggressive, and more socially withdrawn than non-abused children. A specific interpersonal effect of sexual abuse among children is that of increased sexual behavior. This is prominent when we were

In the immediate, as well as long-term aftermath of exposure to trauma, children are at risk of developing significant emotional and behavior difficulties (CWIG, 2012). The most damaging types of trauma include early physical and sexual abuse, neglect, emotional/psychological abuse, exposure to domestic violence and other forms of child maltreatment (Hoch, 2009). Research has shown that children that are exposed to these types of trauma will experience developmental delays including language and verbal processing. Also, they will have risk of poor physiological and psychosocial functioning, and will be vulnerable to emotional and behavioral dysregulation disorders, thus, leading to an increase risk of poor outcomes including substance abuse, suicidality, teen pregnancy and paternity, criminal activity, and revictimization (Hoch, 2009).

Prior to CBT, the participants in the study (Resick et al., 2012) completed PTSD symptom scale, self-report measure, and diagnostic interviews. They then received a total of 13 hours CBT, achieved through twice weekly sessions. Finally, they took the posttest assessments, then long-term posttest assessments 5-10 years after completing the study. At posttest, the sample went from 100% diagnosed with PTSD to 22.2% in the long-term follow-up. This data supports that CBT helped a significant portion of this group of female sexual assault survivors reduce their symptoms to the point that they no longer meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD, and the results were lasting for most, with only two who relapsed (Resick et al., 2012)

Studies estimate that over one in four children will experience trauma before the age of sixteen, and many of these youth will go on to develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder as a result of their trauma (Silverman, Oritz, Viswesvaran, Burns, Kulko, Putnam, & Amaya-Jackson, 2008). Children and adolescents with PTSD can benefit from a mixture of the Cognitive and Behavioral models, presented in the form of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Specifically, Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is the most effective method to treat PTSD, utilizing techniques from two different perspectives (cognitive and behavioral) that can

TF-CBT is an evidence based practice that has evolved in the past 25 years and has been extensively researched within the treatment of PTSD and trauma effects such as depression, distress, anxiety, and cognitive and behavioral problems. This paper will contain a detailed description of the methodology of TF-CBT and an examination of a few peer reviewed studies, which tests the effectiveness TF-CBT has on children and adolescents who suffer from PTSD, neglect, or other trauma impacts.

The literature has shown children dealing with PTSD have many intervention tools that can be administered by clinicians in direct practice. PTSD can present symptoms that are often diagnosed as anther disorder such as oppositional defiant, conduct, mild TBI, and separation anxiety. There are many evidence-based intervention tools used in treatment such as recovery techniques, pharmacotherapy, psychoeducation, psychodynamic and cognitive behaviour therapy. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is the most used intervention tool in direct practice, and it is used in countries around the world. CBT is used with children with different ethnicities with ages ranging from preschool to high school. Many clinicians use CBT with other intervention treatment

D-The patient requested to see this writer, at which this writer agreed. The patient appears worrisome. The patient asked for assistance by this writer to help fill out an application for the probate court to file a custody petition for her grandson. This writer asked the patient if she had asked her DCF worker for help and the patient response was yes. The patient inform this writer that her DCF worker does not help her with anything or even have the answers to her questions regarding to her grandson care. This writer agreed to help the patient as much as possible and struggling urges the patient to have someone at the Probate Court to view the application to file a petition. The patient asked questions to this writer about receving financial assistance for her grandson since the patient needs help with the child basic needs. The patient been using her benefits from the state to care the child and is only

Changing a person’s overall quality of life; it is a psychiatric comorbidity and typically follows an often life-long course especially in cases of young children and adolescents. Due to the nature of threatening trauma, PTSD is becoming significantly more common and may affect up to 10% of women and 5% of men at some stage in their lives, depending on the nature or severity of the traumatic event, the prevalence rates of PTSD in its victims have been reported to approach 100%. According to (Kar, 2011), “The PTSD syndrome is a conglomeration of various cognitive, behavioral, and physiological disturbances characterized by three symptom clusters, i.e., intrusion, avoidance, and arousal.” (Kar, 2011). Since the first introduction into the diagnostic classificatory system (DSMV) in the 1980’s, a considerable amount of research has been done to determine the efficiency of cognitive behavioral therapy in patients with PTSD. The purpose of the article was to review and evaluate the studies of CBT for PTSD following a multitude of various kinds of trauma, and others that were related to physical disorders in children, and adolescents. The article was also meant to review the long-term effects and the role of a preventative measure that CBT could deliver, the current understanding of CBT and its mechanism of action were also

Objectives/Progress: Pt. has discontinued her use of opiates according to the last quarter UDS results, Pt. is now eligible to receive phase 1 take home privileges if she maintain her abstinence. Pt. demonstrated a improvement on her commitments to maintain regular dosing attendance. Also P During this upcoming quater, this writer will meet with pt. to establish rapport and trust. This writer will reinforce the importance of remaining in recovery and to resolve her current legal issues by the next month. Pt. identified her children as a motivational factor to change and to . The counselor told Pt. that he needs to be free from drugs (cocaine) in order for his prescribed medications to work and be more effective. Counselor will help patient understand the importance of restitution to self worth and then help in developing a plan to provide restitution.

These experiences may include the trauma that was caused due to their removal from the home or even perhaps due to abuse, neglect, or sexual abuse, and the trauma of separation from their families, and the potential trauma involved with numerous removals and placements in out-of-home care creating severe turmoil and separation anxiety.(Racusin, Maerlender, Sengupta, Isquith, & Straus, 2005, p.588). Every therapist who has children that are in or have been in the foster care system should have training in TF-CBT, regular forms of therapy will not help these children and their deep seeded issues. Cohen, Mannarino, and Knudsen (2005) presented a1-year follow-up on the results of a randomized trial of a trauma-focused cognitive behavioral (TF-CBT) intervention for sexually abused children and their parents. The findings confirm that TF-CBT is an effective intervention and that gains are sustained over time, meaning not only is there short term gain there is also mid-term and long-term gain equaling out to an entire lifetime. (Berliner, 2005, p.103). More importantly, the authors show that it is not just providing treatment that makes the difference; the type of treatment matters, one cannot expect these children to be able to handle themselves with just any form of psychological or therapeutic treatment these types of gains only come with

The vast majority of those receiving CBT treatment are unable to alleviate their mental state, and as high as 58% of those after receiving treatment still demonstrate the characteristics, or symptoms, associated with the diagnosis of PTSD (Cloitre, 2009). In addition, studies have shown that “only 32-66% reach a good level” of being able to gain a stronger mindset and emotional state in the hope to be better able to function within society (Foa, 2009; Schnyder, 2005). Although there have been more emphasis placed on PTSD in regards to research on psychotherapeutic treatments, the impact of this type of treatment remains stagnant while those whom to continue to suffer from the disorder remains constantly rising. The severities of the symptoms onto people’s lives reflect that of a chronic disorder, continuously impeding their life both psychological and health-wise (McFarlane,

removed from the family environment, a primary relative had to relocate or the death or destruction (e.g. fatal accident, domestic violence, natural disaster) of a close individual (Faust & Katchen, 2004). (Faust et al., 2004)The fourth factor emphasizes that age may be a factor in children’s responses to traumatic events which thus determines the course of therapy (Faust & Katchen, 2004). (Faust et al., 2004)Very young children struggle with cognitive components of cognitive-behavioral intervention strategies because it exceeds their developmental capabilities (Faust & Katchen, 2004). (Faust et al., 2004)As previously noted, a child is at a greater risk for the effects of severe sexual abuse in the first years of life (Faust & Katchen, 2004). (Faust et al., 2004)

Robbins and Judge define "attitudes" as “evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people, or events.” Jessica’s attitudes towards her job switched from favorable to unfavorable after a change in policy. Henceforth, she was less productive in her job and expressed signs of low job satisfaction. After leaving her Mental Health Technician position for a job in Counseling, she was able to return to her normal, happy and productive self. This case study illuminates the direct correlation between job performance, job satisfaction, and attitude.

Team Recommendations: Joshua should continue in the program and continue working on sustaining his commitment towards the treatment goals and objectives established.