Naphthalene Inhalation Study

American Sci-Fi writer, Ted Chiang shows how a fictional species comes to grips with accepting the jarring reality of death being inevitable to their kind. In the short story"Exhalation", through his protagonist, Chiang develops his intertwining themes on life and acceptance by exhibiting them through the narrators perspectives as his curoitsty leads him to discovering the harsh truth.

Chemical experiments are often described, when they are finished, by the yield or recovery of the target product or solid. Also melting point can be tested to determine purity in a compound. Most times these chemicals are not completely pure so they can be recrystallized to remove the impurities. The technique of recrystallization learned and utilized in this lab works best to remove contaminates from nonvolatile organic solids.1 A solvent is used that dissolves the solid at room temperature and then the impurities can be removed via pipette or other simplified removal process. When all impurities are dissolved and removed, a lattice or an ordered structure in the form of crystals is able to be collected and observed. Some substances cannot be recrystallized with only one solvent. Therefore, two solvents, or solvent pairs, can help dissolve the substance at boiling point only and not room temperature.2 Solvent pairs are able to be dissolved into each other but not anything else effectively. One part of the pair is used to prevent dissolving at room temperature and the other half is used to help dissolve at boiling point. Lastly, activated charcoal is utilized to remove brightly colored impurities from the dissolved solid solutions. The charcoal attracts the impure substances and then is able to be

Protecting the environment from toxic contaminants such as pesticide, herbicide, and other Solvents are vital to the survival of the inhabitants of the respective environment. This is important because such contaminants, when released into the environment can create devastating health problems such as cancer in humans. This paper will evaluate three of the many carcinogenic chemicals that have the propensity to cause cancer and other health problems. Therefore, the paper will evaluate Agent Orange, DDT, and Benzene.

Protecting the environment from toxic contaminants such as pesticide, herbicide and other Solvents are vital to the survival of the inhabitants of the respective environment. This is important because such contaminants, when released into the environment can create devastating health problems such as cancer in humans. This paper will evaluate three of the many carcinogenic chemicals that have the propensity to cause cancer and other health problems. Therefore, the paper will evaluate Agent Orange, DDT, and Benzene.

Between 2002 and 2005 alone, the amount of chemical substances produced or imported in the United States increased from 42 billion pounds per day to 74 billion pounds per day. The amount of chemicals in commerce in the United States has increased from 62,000 grandfathered chemicals in 1976, to almost 83,000 in 2008, a difference of more than 20,000. Of this 83,000, the EPA has only been able to ban or restrict five chemicals under TSCA: PCBs, dioxin, CFCs, hexavalent chromium, and asbestos. Additionally, the EPA has independently tested only 250 of the 83,000 registered chemicals in commerce in the United States. Richard Denison, a Senior Scientist for the Environmental Defense Fund explained these incredibly low numbers by stating, “TSCA places an impossibly high burden on EPA before it can act to control a chemical.” In fact, under TSCA, “the EPA can’t even require testing to determine whether a risk exists without first showing a risk is likely.” For that reason, a large majority of chemicals used in the United States have never been tested for health and environmental effects. Studies have shown that due to the proliferation of these chemicals into homes, workplaces, and schools, the average American has a detectable concentration of 300 environmental chemicals. Among other issues, many of these chemicals can affect brain and organ function and cause cancer. Consequently, it is clear that

Subsequently, e-cigarettes are known to be dangerous at any rate, because they contain toxic chemicals such as lead, formaldehyde, propylene, and many more which are all popular for initiating cancer (SCOPE, 31). More importantly, people exposed to secondhand smoke released (as vapor) from e-cigarettes should take extra precaution, because the vapor contains many carcinogens, as mentioned earlier, all a factor of cancer (www.lung.org, 2015). Be

weighs 70 kg. These results do not account for the levels of toxicity in women,

Many laboratory studies have shown that acrylamide causes a variety of tumors in rats and mice. When male and female rats were given 3.0mg/kg bw/day acrylamide in drinking water for two years, the incidence of tumors increased in scrotum, adrenal, thyroid, mammary, oral cavity, and uterus. However, there is no definite evidence that acrylamide produces tumors in humans. Acrylamide has been classified by the US EPA as a B2, a probable human carcinogen, by IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) as a 2B, a possible human carcinogen, and by ACGIH (American Conference of Industrial Hygienists) as an A3, confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans.

In this Preliminary Public Health Assessment (Pre-PHA), we evaluated exposure of the Milneburge neighborhood community to contaminants in response to their public health complaint with the City of New Orleans. . The homeowners in the neighborhood started to complain of nausea, headache, and dyspnea when they work in their back yards and reported water runoff and soil erosion from the waste management site. So, they were really concerned about their children health because they used to play in the area. As a result of that, we evaluated some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are chemical compounds found in nature or released from burning of coal, oil, tobacco, and wood. Some of these compounds are toxic to lung, liver, and skin. By such Pre-PHA, We can know if the site is extremely contaminated or not and we can assure residents and give them answers about their concerns.

When combined in the past, present and future. Science of the Total Environment 288: 81-95.

This article is based on the dangers of vapes & e-cigs. In 2015 Harvard University scientists confirmed that “lung destroying” chemicals are found in the liquids used for electronic cigarettes and vaping devices.

Tobacco use remains the leading cause of preventable illness and death. Research estimates that two in three lifetime smokers will die from a disease caused by smoking. It is statistically found that tobacco use caused around 15000 deaths every year in Australia[1]. Nicotine replacement therapies or usually known as NRTs have been shown to have well-demonstrated safety and efficacy and are the most commonly used as a nicotine dependence treatments.

This video talked over the classification of drugs known to America as inhalants. According to the video Inhalants are known to be nitrous oxide solvents, aerosols, and nitrites. Inhalants can be found and obtained very easily in your local grocery stores, hardware stores and local pharmacies. Because of their easy accessibility to be found in kitchen and bathroom cabinets, much of its use is among adolescents. Individuals that consume inhalants normally breathe in the fumes through their nose or mouth,

One report from the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) shows that about 1.78 million children have responded they tried E-Cigarette in 2012. Such as the article shows, currently there are many people who use E-Cigarettes and more are expected. There are over 7,000 flavors that are now being sold in the market and they are usually made by various chemicals. However, an accident occurred to the workers from the microwave popcorn-processing plant in the early 2000’s. The workers got a disease called bronchiolitis obliterans while working with flavoring chemicals; it is so serious that the only cure is to replace the lung. Since this happened by flavoring chemicals, we would like to see if these dangerous chemicals can be found in

The purpose of this experiment is to separate a mixture of salicylic acid and naphthalene using extraction, recrystallization and sublimation techniques. Extraction is the separation of compounds from a mixture based on their relative solubilities in different solvents. Sublimation is the process of separation by which a substance transitions from the solid phase into the gas phase, skipping the liquid phase. Recrystallization involves dissolving a substance in an appropriate solvent then crystallizing it as it cools (impurities remain in solution). The melting points of the substances were determined in order to assess their purity and the percent recovery of pure naphthalene and salicylic acid were calculated. According to the results, the melting point of pure naphthalene was between 86°C -89°C range, whereas for pure salicylic acid was 167°C -170°C. Both determined melting points were higher compared to the literature value of 80.26°C and 158.6°C for pure naphthalene and salicylic acid respectively. Lastly, the percent recovery for pure naphthalene and salicylic acid were 17.7% and 71.2% accordingly.