Corporal punishment including spanking is a widely used disciplinary technique in most families. But the method has been questioned about its effects the child’s mental and social development. A new study suggested that spanking a child can lead to mental health issues.
Spanking Leads to Mental Disorder
A new study led by two associate professors of social work from the University of Michigan, Andrew Grogan-Kaylor and Shawna Lee, indicated that the violence from spanking can lead children to feel depressed, drink alcohol at moderate to heavy levels, use illegal drugs or attempt suicide, later in life.
Spanking is a common form of corporal punishment that uses physical force to let a child experience pain, but not to cause injury, with an intent to correct their behavior. Researchers from U-M inquired if the force and pain inflicted by physical abuse and spanking, and associated mental outcomes should be considered an adverse childhood experience.
“Placing spanking in a similar category to physical/emotional abuse experiences would increase our understanding of these adult mental health problems,” said Grogan-Kaylor.
Data from the study was based on the Center for Disease Control and Prevention Kaiser Adverse Childhood Experiences. More than 8,300 people with ages ranging from 19 to 97 have been examined by the researchers. The participants completed self-reports while pursuing routing health checks at an outpatient clinic. The questions include how often they were
Those who are against it go on to say that spanking causes the child and parents bond to be unhealthy. Most studies have found that the relationship between the child and parent decreases and that “children who are spanked have a less trusting and affectionate relationship with their parents and feel less guilt about misbehavior, as opposed to concern about being caught (3). Spanking is known to have only one positive effect, and that is to stop the disliked behavior immediately. Spanking can be defined as a lesson taught out of violence, and violence is defined as “an act carried out with the intention, or perceived intention, of causing physical pain or injury to another person.” ( 6 ). If this is the way spanking is defined, what are we teaching our children? We are teaching them that it is okay to act out of violence when they become frustrated, and that it is okay to hit someone when they are upset with them. Many believe that since spanking is done out of anger, parents who spank are more likely to commit child abuse when disciplining their children. Studies have shown that children who are spanked have a greater tendency to fear their parents and not have a loving child/parent bond. Dr. Aminifu R. Harvey, a professor at the University Of Maryland Baltimore School Of Social Work, stated that, “Studies have shown that children spanked in anger lose respect for the parents and view them as out of control—negating the whole point of discipline, which is to muster self-control” (2). It is also believed that spanking can cause a child to start lying in order to avoid getting caught and being punished. Along with that, some also believe that spanking is leading to children learning to become sneakier in order to not get
Different variations of spanking of course can lead to more serious problems as adults. Something not as serious as Schizophrenia would be like depression, anxiety disorders, and paranoia. Castelloe also states in her article that “some studies suggest a connection between the physical punishment of children and the behavior involved in some criminal assaults.” I have a clip of what has just been reported this month on the 18th in the state of Massachusetts. As parents we want our children to grow up respectful, successful, carefree, we want to set them down the right path so they do not have it as hard as we have.
Spanking kids leads to depression (“9 things to do Instead of Spanking”,2016). Multiple studies show that teens are more likely to aggression, depression, and drug use when they are hit as kids. They don’t know any better than being hit. They also will think it is okay to hit others. Spanking makes kids feel insecure and leads to self-esteem problems.
In the article “ The Case Against Spanking” written by Brenda L. Smith. A writer in Washington D.C informs us that spanking leads to aggression, antisocial behavior, physical and mental problems. First, by giving information to explain how spanking or any other physical punishment can pose as aggression and or a loss of trust. Then, by explaining that there are other punishments that could be used or
Everyday parents are faced with the challenges of disciplining their children. We all wish there was an instruction booklet that we could magical pull out and get them back on the right path, but no such thing exists. Often times, your child pushes you to the edge of your personal limitations. At this moment it is often we correct our child’s behavior by spanking. Spanking is considered a form of discipline that is acceptable by most and an unacceptable to a smaller crowd. Spanking can lead to psychological problems in early adolescent, which long term can lead to emotional and anger retention.
Spanking also effects a child emotionally. Think of a child looking up at this huge person hitting them. This could cause the child to feel inferior. In the long run, the child could develop insecurities. Spanking could also teach a child to lie. Why would a child confess to something if they knew that their punishment would be something that will cause them pain? A child's self esteem could be lowered by spanking as well. They may feel that when they are being spanked that the parent is telling them that they are a bad person and this can stay with them throughout their life. "Kids who receive a lot of physical punishment are less spontaneous, more reserved, and afraid to try
There are different outlooks on spanking. Sheree L. Toth, author of the CNN article “When does spanking become abuse?”(CNN) discusses her negative point of view on corporal punishment. In her article, she discusses how corporal punishment can have long-lasting effects on the mental state of the child and shift parental relationships with their children, all caused by the use physical discipline. “Corporal punishment is of limited effectiveness and has potentially deleterious side effects,” Toth states. She recognizes the effects that corporal punishment may have on individuals, and she disagrees with the uses of it. Toth also understands what the outcomes
Spanking or inflicting a child may cause aggression in children. Spanking at the ages 10 months and 5 years is common in 70% of American family’s although according some researchers that corporal punishment can affect the ability to function and acceptance of values. Spanking at an early age can do more harm than good. Studies show that children who gets spanked are more likely to get violent in adult hood. Most children develop between the age of 3 months and 5 years old if corporal punishment action is used it can make the child less aware and can cause problem in education for teachers and authority.
While this review of literature on spanking children is limited in finding evidence in supporting spanking, the research available that opposes spanking is rather compelling. The findings from the reviewed articles provide advice to parents, both new and long-time, on how to discipline their children if they want their children to have the best outcomes. The studies that have been reviewed are only a small amount of what has been published regarding the negative impacts that spanking can have on children. Additionally, this research may be a start for a move in society to begin viewing spanking as a negative child-rearing practice. While there is a lot more research that could be reviewed on this topic, high levels of aggression, behavioral problems, and
Spanking can cause a child be depressed in the future. In fact, depression and spanking has been linked increasingly over time due to the fact that spanking has become more the norm in the last five years. According to Moses a psychologists and author of "Assessing Specific Discipline Techniques: A Mixed-Methods Approach." Claim that more and more kids who has depression has been linked to being spanked frequently in their
Parents have been finding new ways to discipline their children for decades, but one form of child rearing has endured through out the years as the go to punishment, spanking. Although spanking children has been around for a long time, it is a form of abuse used to punish bad behavior in children, the term spanking dissociates hitting kids and abusing them. Spanking children is extremely popular in the United States with almost all parents participating in this cruel behavior. Giles-sims, a Professor of Family Sociology at Texas Christian University quotes a study that says, “99% of parents had spanked 5-year-old children at least once” (Giles-sims, 170). The reason spanking is so common is because there is a lot of misinformation about how spanking effects kids. Parents do not know what spanking will do to the psychology of the child or the relationship they have with their children. For that reason, Parents should not discipline their children through spanking because spanking can have adverse effects on children’s relationship with parents and other children.
Spanking has been a controversial topic among many parents. Some believe it is just a form of discipline and is okay, while others believe that this is abuse or violence and it will harm the child in the long run.
The second reason why spanking should not be done to children is the fact that it is a form of child abuse. At the moment, countries are divided as to legalize corporal punishment or create a law saying it is illegal. In the book written by Abela (2007) for the Council of Europe, she notes that “spanking of children less than two years old increases the risk of severe physical injury and the child is unlikely to understand the connection between behavior and punishment.” Most parents tend to go overboard when disciplining their children, especially when they are very angry and have not subdued their anger. This then makes the child their venting medium to get rid of that anger and sometimes, they do not apologize and even forget why they have done the deed. Other parents tend to make this a habit and even if the child did nothing wrong, they would still continue spanking the child. Eventually, the parents may slowly abuse the child through pain and totally make the child’s life a complete hell. As a result, child becomes frail and suffers psychological problems. Some countries, especially social services, use this as grounds to get the child away from the family and file cases of child abuse and physical injury that can lead to jail time if proven guilty. Spanking may also cause scarring and may be with the child
I believe that the effects of spanking a child cannot be decided through study or research. People are born with different characteristics; some children do not have to be spanked before doing what they are asked to do, while some children are belligerent and need that pat on the butt now and then to put them on the right path. I completely disagree that children who are spanked turn out to have trust issues or lose sight of the differences between right and wrong. The fact that they were able to notice or discover these traits in these children that were spanked when they were little does not prove a direct correlation. There could be more to these traits that lies underneath. What I do agree with though, is that spanking makes a child discontinue his or her negative behavior to avoid being spanked and this helps create better
The authors also identify the known effects of spanking on childhood outcomes. They noted that most of the literature has been concerned with aggressive child outcomes, such as increased child stress reactivity (Bugenthal, Martorell, and Barraza, 2003). They also noted that studies are emerging on the connection between spanking and child cognitive outcomes. (Gershoff, 2010). They criticize these emerging works as suffering from a lack of "…adequate controls for the predictors of spanking, risk factors which themselves could be