Organizational Behavior

4. Briefly describe the elements of the formal and the informal organization. Give examples of each.

Classical organization theory evolved during the first half of this century. It represents the merger of scientific management, bureaucratic theory, and administrative theory.

Rather, Equity, and the sense of fairness which commonly underpins motivation, is dependent on the comparison a person makes between his or her reward/investment ratio with the ratio enjoyed (or suffered) by others considered to be in a similar situation”(Balancing Employee Inputs and Outputs).

The study of Organizational Behavior (OB) is related to individuals, group of people working together in teams. The study becomes more challenging when situational factors interact. No two individuals are likely to behave in the same manner in a particular work situation. It is the predictability of a manager about the expected behavior of an individual. There are no absolutes in human behavior. It is the human factor that is contributory to the productivity hence the study of human behavior is important. Great importance therefore must be attached to the study.

* Reward for good performance, for example, positive appraisal. Before a company promotes an employee to a particular

A belief in what the organisation is looking to achieve will allow individuals pride and drive to motivate them.

2001). Three Key Research & Development employees have left within the past three months and there are an increasing number of employee complaints about compensation and decreased satisfaction. Identifying and understanding an individuals value system is an important step to deal with the employees dissatisfaction with compensation and to define adequate compensation. Riordan can develop their rewards system by interpersonal intelligence; analyzing their employee's characteristics; Intelligence Aptitudes Knowledge Temperament Preferences Expectations. Once these attributes are understood, Riordan HRM can develop a rewards system that is best suited for the company and employees.

Organizational behavior is the study on how organizational structures affect behavior of its employees within the organization. Organizational systems is the structure that an organizations uses to organize its functions and assign responsibility to its employees. Organizational behavior in any criminal justice organization is how the superiors and the employees relate

Pay and Rewards – pay and rewards attract, motivate and retain staff. The employment contract which lists rewards, whether it be pay, bonus or benefits, can remove animosity amongst employees and employers. However, recent research reveals that employees are no longer motivated by a financial reward alone, but

As this employee ages, the value they place on extrinsic rewards may decrease as there personality matures and they desire

This outcome may come in the form of a pay increase or a sense of accomplishment. Instrumentality is low when the outcome is the same for all possible level of performance. Valence is the value employees place on outcomes based on their needs, goals, values, and sources of motivation, and the strength of the employee’s preference for a particular outcome.

In many cases different type of rewards has different type of effects on different organizations.

Total reward is all of the tools available to the employer which may be used to attract, retain, motivate and satisfy employees. Total reward is inclusive of all types of rewards such as direct and intrinsic as well as extrinsic (Armstrong and Murlis, 2007). All aspects of reward including base pay, contingent pay, benefits and non-financial reward are linked together as a coherent and integrated whole. The total reward approach is holistic, and therefore reliance is not based on just a few reward mechanisms functioning in isolation and includes all the ways in which people achieve satisfaction and reward for their work (Armstrong and Brown, 2006). Total reward plays a vital role in communicating the value of the employment package to

From this theory we will see that Outcome / Input Ratio is under rewarded. From Conversation between Researcher and Alby Siegel. We know that Alby get some idea that can input couple of hundred thousand dollar profit across the country, but the company only Outcome or will give Alby for $500. and he feels that the amount of money is an insult. Equity evaluation what company get and what the employee get is really not balanced which the employee feels under rewarded.

Can employee morale and productivity be boosted in the work place through various program incentives? I am proposing that a process be introduced which recognizes individual as well as team contributions through other means. It has been noted in several readings and throughout companies that employees with high morale are more productive than those unhappy counterparts. This is also a way to reduce the cost associated with recruiting and training of new employees replacing those who lack productivity and morale.