De-Extinction or not? Outline
I. Introduction
a. Introduce some current cloning project in research
1. Wooly Mammoth
2. Tasmanian Tiger
3. Passenger pigeon
4. Bucardo
5. The Great Auk (Penguin)
b. Describe Cloning
II. History of Cloning:
a. When was the first restriction on cloning set… describe
b. Who was the first to start cloning and what regulations and or laws were there compared to today.
c. How did cloning come about? What gave science the hint that it is possible?
III. Arguments that Support Cloning Extinct Species
a. Describe how non-consequentialist theories play a role
b. Justice from anthropogenic distinction
c. Reestablishing Lost Value
d. Creating Value
e. Utilitarianism: Cloning extinct species can be better for the many in
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I believe it depends on the situation
2. There are ways to go about cloning extinct species that I think can be ethical and unethical.
Annotated Bibliography
Evans Ogden, L. (2014). Extinction Is Forever… Or Is It? Bioscience, 64(6), 469.
Evans discusses the ethical issues cloning extinct species and in addition show may examples of extinct species or soon to be extinct that are in the process of research. This scholarly article relates to most of my sources because it discusses the issues within each species that some of my other resources talk about. Relating sources with further my understanding of the cloning extinct species topic.
Fiester, A. (2005). Ethical Issues in Animal Cloning. Perspectives in Biology and medicine, Volume 48.3. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu/journals/perspectives_in _biology_and_medicine/v048/48.3fiester.html
Ethical arguments presented in this source include consequentialist theory based on the animal’s pain and suffering, slippery slope, statistics of survival, and what percent of our population is against cloning in general. The Science of Biotechnology has recognized cloning as a reoccurring science rather than a new one. The argument in favor for cloning consists of disease prevention. This source is useful as a background summary of the ethical dilemmas that arise in
Cloning is inhumane and unethical because it creates animals and embryos that will be used for painful research experiments. Additionally, a painful surgery is required to remove the eggs from the breeding stock and implant the embryos back into them. Also, a good deal of the animals that survive past infancy have abnormalities and health problems that include respiratory distress, brain lesions, metabolic problems, skeletal malfunctions, and
Cloning is very unethical. It would be violating the human rights in many ways. It would be violating of the freedom of beliefs and thoughts (Peter Flaherty, and D. Lynn Moore. Civics. McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2000) Cloning also reduces human dignity. Humans can be sold as manufactured products. If we allow
We should clone endangered and extinct animals because they can help cure diseases that we don’t know how to do today or that we don't have the ability to do today. It is a good idea to clone animals because
people believe that it is too risky and unethical. Reproductive cloning has shown advantages and
Today’s technology develops so quickly that many impossible things become true; the example is cloning technology. Cloning is a process used to create an exact copy of a mammal by using the complete genetic material of a regular body cell. Different from the common propagate, cloning needs only one cell and without sex. Cloning, as of recent years, has become a very controversial issue in society but cloning can have several positive effects for the well being of society. Many people in society believe that scientists should develop a clone human but many people and especially the government are against human cloning. Hundreds of
I believe that cloning really isn’t very ethical. I believe that cloning is almost like you are playing God. It is unnatural for a person to be able to clone an animal. I did some research online and found out that 95% of cloning attempts fail. This can give the new animal birth defects, physiological impairments, illness, and premature death. I believe that cloning animals is morally wrong and we shouldn’t be able to do it. Human cloning is illegal and animal cloning should be illegal also.
Ronald Sandler, a Philosopher, wrote an essay called “The Ethics of Reviving Long Extinct Species”. It is now possible to revive extinct animals but is it ethical, that’s the question. People that are for it say it brings value and justice. Those against it say it is unnatural and playing god. There are not strong ethical cases for either side.
Is that if we have some type of DNA of that animal we could do the same process that they use to clone animals and that will clone that animal that is extinct and they could reproduce more animals.Then they will be able to protect them and there won't be that much extinct animals.The process that they use is called interspecies nuclear transfer and that is what they call it when they clone an endangered animal.They way that it works is the same way they clone any other living thing
Cloning is the process by which a genetically identical copy of an organism has naturally occurred or been created in a laboratory. A process of cloning can be completed on a wide range of biological materials, including genes, tissues, cells and entire organisms (Genetics Generation, 2015). The first-ever demonstration of artificial embryo twinning was accomplished on a sea urchin by Hans Adolf Eduard Driesch in 1885 (Oppenheimer, 2016), yet the most significant cloning example was attained in 1996, where ‘Dolly the sheep’, the first mammal clone was created by somatic cell nuclear transfer by Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell (University of Utah, 2016). In 2002, the Council of Australian Governments agreed to ban human cloning and other unacceptable practices and regulate research involving excess assisted reproductive technology embryos. Cloning was banned in response to community concerns, including ethicality of the uses of human embryos. Changes to this legislation came into effect in 2007, to allow therapeutic cloning due to the increase in research from other countries (National Health Medical Research Council - Australian Government, 2015). However, in contrast to humans, animals have always been legally allowed to be cloned unethically and sold for their meat, as long as the meat complies with the food safety conditions and regulations of the world (Kelly L., 2005). Cloning is a contentious topic with multiple ambiguous viewpoints which can be discovered and observed
Everyday scientists come up with new ideas that can change how humans live. But not all the things scientist came up with are morally right. Usually new ways to do things cause a lot of controversy and debate. Cloning is a great example of a scientific subject that causes debate weather it is morally right or not.
The Senate is considering a proposal to outlaw human cloning. Two alternative proposals would ban only "reproductive cloning," which would mean explicitly legalizing human cloning but not the implantation of a clone embryo into a womb. Pro-cloners are willing for the most part to outlaw reproductive cloning because it isn't safe, but they oppose a ban on cloning for research and experimentation--known as "therapeutic cloning"--arguing that such a cloning license is necessary to the development of future medical treatments for human ailments. This opposition to a ban on human therapeutic cloning is misinformed.
The first problem that human cloning encounter is it is one of unethical processes because it involves the alteration of the human genetic and human may be harmed, either during experimentation or by expectations after birth. “Cloning, like all science, must be used responsibly. Cloning human is not desirable. But cloning sheep has its uses.”, as quoted by Mary Seller, a member of the Church of England’s Board of Social Responsibility (Amy Logston, 1999). Meaning behind this word are showing us that cloning have both advantages and disadvantages. The concept of cloning is hurting many human sentiments and human believes. “Given the high rates of morbidity and mortality in the cloning of other mammals, we believe that cloning-to-produce-children would be extremely unsafe, and that attempts to produce a cloned child would be highly unethical”, as quoted by the President’s Council on Bioethics. Since human cloning deals with human life, it said to be unethical if people are willing to killed embryo or infant to produce a cloned human and advancing on it. The probability of this process is successful is also small because the technology that being used in this process is still new and risky.
If a random individual were asked twenty years ago if he/she believed that science could clone an animal, most would have given a weird look and responded, “Are you kidding me?” However, that once crazy idea has now become a reality, and with this reality, has come debate after debate about the ethics and morality of cloning. Yet technology has not stopped with just the cloning of animals, but now many scientists are contemplating and are trying to find successful ways to clone human individuals. This idea of human cloning has fueled debate not just in the United States, but also with countries all over the world. I believe that it is not morally and ethically right
Imagine a future where humans are manufactured, a future where humans are created by science, a future where humans are the new lab specimen. Human cloning is like opening Pandora's Box, unleashing a torrent of potential evils but at the same time bringing a small seed of hope. No matter how many potential medical and scientific benefits could be made possible by human cloning, it is unethical to clone humans.
Many ethical and moral dilemmas arise when discussing human cloning, and one can have many positions for and against each. To understand the issues surrounding human cloning, one must have a basic