2.4.2 Conceptions and Past Paper Questions
Norton & Irvin (2007) found that a considerable number of students who have difficulties understanding fractions, negative numbers and ratios also struggle with solving algebraic problems.
Conception 1,2 and 3 are predominant in the GCSE foundation syllabus and in post primary mathematics in general. It is evident upon research into examiner reports that students have difficulties relating to these conceptions.
Below is an example of a question found in the 2014 Maths GCSE foundation exam.
Figure 1 (GCSE Math Jun 14 Foundation Tier Unit 2 Q.18)
The Chief examiner reported, ‘Many candidates did not understand the meaning of ‘Write an equation in terms of w’ and as a result lost all
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2.6 Creating an App
2.6.1 The Chosen Software
The first consideration for the app was the software needed to create it. As the developer does not have advanced knowledge or expertise on coding, the software programme needed to match their skills appropriately. Luterbach and The second point to consider was the desired outcome. The overall aim of this project was to create an engaging user- centred app, which highlighted two of the misconceptions in GCSE algebra.
The software programme chosen enabled interactive elements and testing features to enhance students learning and knowledge.
2.6.2 Using an app to teach algebra
“Technology is essential in teaching and learning mathematics; it influences the mathematics that is taught and enhances students’ learning.”(McGehee & Griffith, 2000). Similar to McGehee and Griffith, Ghosh (2012, cited Drijvers, 2016) believes that the integration of technology and ICT has suggested a positive impact on the achievement of students in the general algebraic education but in particular solving word problems.
The most recent phenomenon has been the
Algebra is a critical aspect of mathematics which provides the means to calculate unknown values. According to Bednarz, Kieran and Lee (as cited in Chick & Harris, 2007), there are three basic concepts of simple algebra: the generalisation of patterns, the understanding of numerical laws and functional situations. The understanding of these concepts by children will have an enormous bearing on their future mathematical capacity. However, conveying these algebraic concepts to children can be difficult due to the abstract symbolic nature of the math that will initially be foreign to the children. Furthermore, each child’s ability to recall learned numerical laws is vital to their proficiency in problem solving and mathematical confidence. It is obvious that teaching algebra is not a simple task. Therefore, the importance of quality early exposure to fundamental algebraic concepts is of significant importance to allow all
The word ‘numeracy’ holds a different meaning to every person, and is met with disdain by some, but joy from others. To some, numeracy in itself can be defined as a concept, but others define it as a set block of subjects such as pythagoras, trigonometry, and long division. It is interesting to note that many people dislike maths, with Picker & Berry’s (2001) study of both students and teachers, revealing that some even compared numeracy to “rat-sack - because it makes you hemorrhage from the inside out!” This sentence, spoken by a teacher, highlights the deep concerns that many have over a subject which is constantly applied over one’s life.
Christianity assumes that our human nature is fundamentally and thoroughly flawed by sin, to the point where a divine miracle of grace is needed to allow us to trust Christ as Savior. Most people in Western cultures, however, do not consider themselves to be sinners and therefore feel no need for a Savior. Comment on this in the light of the detailed accounting rules and regulations intended to prevent investors from being defrauded, and the multi-billion dollar worldwide auditing profession that is intended to add credibility to financial statements.
When I came across this question I felt confident in my ability to answer it. Throughout high school I was exposed to many similar questions; because algebra was heavily focused on in my mathematics classes. To answer the question I converted the written instructions into an algebraic statement. So, each sentence was represented by a series of letters and numbers instead of the original words. The algebraic expression that I formed matched one of the possible answers; thus, I felt confident with my final answer.
As a student, I always enjoyed math. In high school I took all of the offered math classes, including Calculus. The first math class I took in college was a breeze, and I thought that this one would be no different. What could I learn about elementary school math that I did not already know? Contrary to my expectation, the first day of class, I learned things about math that had never been brought to my attention. This paper will discuss what I have learned about subtraction, about students, about the Common Core State Standards, and how my concept map has changed since my first draft.
Electronic Health Record (EHR) compliance is expected to achieve better clinical outcomes, improved population health outcomes, increased transparency and efficiency, empowerment of individuals, and more robust data for research on health systems (Health IT). The determination of this paper aims to evaluate the flow of information as it travels with patients as they enter the emergency room, up to and including a skilled nursing facility stay. Over the last decade an emphasis has been placed on transitioning from paper based documentation to electronic based computerized systems. The centers for Medicaid and Medicare place such high emphasis on this transition that monetary incentive including higher reimbursement rates
Childhood obesity is increasing worldwide. Experts estimate that 1 in 5 kids between the ages of 6 and 17 are overweight. That means that as they get older they will be more at risk for diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart related diseases. Things that we used to associate with older people are now affecting younger and younger children. There are many reasons for this rise in obesity and this paper will look at a few of them. My goal is to show a correlation between what children are doing and how it affects their chances of being obese. My data comes from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) website. They sent a survey to schools in all
The purpose of this study is to test an intervention of dose adjustment on medication adherence and side effects of non-adherence in kidney transplant patients, specifically, to compare switching from a twice-daily dose of tacrolimus to a once-daily dose of tacrolimus, to improve medication adherence and prevent or reduce transplant rejection and graft loss in kidney transplant recipients. Clinicians play a vital role in helping patients make treatment decisions that are most beneficial for their health and values, making adjustments of medication dosages and educating patients on benefits, side effects, and adverse outcomes of these choices.
“Lets go smoke some weed man” now when that question gets asked to you, you might have to say no. Why is that? You think of the consequences that could come to you if you do it and get caught. As of now pot is illegal and most parents don’t accept there kid smoking weed. So in this paper I will tell you why pot should be legal. I will also give some things that have been said negative and I will disprove them. I will also discuss about hemp, what marijuana is and where it comes from. Also as you are reading this I will use two other names for marijuana these are pot and weed.
Maths is ubiquitous in our lives, but depending on the learning received as a child it could inspire or frighten. If a child has a negative experience in mathematics, that experience has the ability to affect his/her attitude toward mathematics as an adult. Solso (2009) explains that math has the ability to confuse, frighten, and frustrate learners of all ages; Math also has the ability to inspire, encourage and achieve. Almost all daily activities include some form of mathematical procedure, whether people are aware of it or not. Possessing a solid learning foundation for math is vital to ensure a lifelong understanding of math. This essay will discuss why it is crucial to develop in children the ability to tackle problems with initiative and confidence (Anghileri, 2006, p. 2) and why mathematics has changed from careful rehearsal of standard procedures to a focus on mathematical thinking and communication to prepare them for the world of tomorrow (Anghileri).
In this paper, I will discuss the importance of pattern based problem solving as a prerequisite to algebra teaching. I will present a real-world task that students will encounter in a secondary, introductory algebra class. Solving problems involving patterns is essential to students’ ability to make generalizations. Such generalizations open the door to algebraic thinking and student understanding of algebraic variables, expressions, and equations.
He subsequently explains that it is the format for instruction that presents the difficulty. He demonstrates if a given task is to calculate a mathematical problem and information is presented as numbers with operational signs sequenced appropriately, children who understand algorithms can proceed with ease. However, when the mathematical task to answer includes information that is presented at the outset in words and sentences, pupils must first comprehend the text before they can use the appropriate algorithmic skill. Obviously then even the best maths students cannot solve problems they don’t fully understand. Fuentes (1998) maintains the narrative of mathematical problems tends to be compacted where mathematical concepts and relationships are often hidden, implied or assumed and the pupil is left to expand and extract the true meaning. This is in marked contrast to the narrative of storybooks which tends to be expansive and elaborate. In addition he notes that the ambiguity found in the interpretation of for example, a poem may well be applauded however any ambiguity in maths text interpretation simply means failure.