Parenting techniques are different around the world, which is strongly related to how culture has a direct impact on families (Nelson, Nelson, Hart, Yang, & Jin, 2016). For example, East Asian parents try to teach values of honesty, honour, and individualism to their children; meanwhile, Western parents are more likely to endorse a collectivist approach to life, with characteristics like unselfishness, obedience, and respect (Park, Coello, & Lau, 2016). The ways that a Canadian child and Japanese child grow up are very different. Cultures significantly influence both parents’ perceptions and their parenting behaviors. The following literature review will discuss the different ways that parents around the world approach these same factors.
The difference between Chinese and American cultures are striking, with the core difference in the very way of parenting style. Chinese cultures are known for their authoritarian parenting with absolute obedience being expected from the children, whereas American parents lean more to the permissive parenting style by firmly requesting certain behavior from their
The concept of a good parent and what it means to embody one is highly opinionated and extremely difficult to define. In a country like the U.S, young children are becoming more racially and ethnically diverse everyday due to a widespread range of different cultures. This makes it a nightmare to determine what is considered good parenting. Cultural norms about parenting practices and values typically stem from a person’s country of origin and how they were raised. In general, a common theme that emerges across cultures is a desire for a child to be obedient, respectful, polite, honest, and successful especially in school. In the stories Two Kinds by Amy Tan and Who’s Irish by Gish Jen the concept of a good parent in an Asian orientated culture is highlighted. In addition, both stories illustrate the cultural division between an immigrant mother and her Asian-American daughter. Although the actions of these mothers are a bit extreme at times by U.S standards, regardless they can be considered good parents because they have their child 's best interest in mind and simply want the best for them.
Parenting is different for everyone, but is any one way really better than the other? Amy Chua, a professor at Yale University, believes that the strict parenting style of Chinese mothers is the way to go. She believes that her strict and often harsh parenting style contributed to the success of her daughters. Chinese parents believe that if their children are successful, it is a reflection of the parents. Hanna Rosin, a contributing editor for the Atlantic, has very different views from Ms. Chua about the correct parenting style. Ms. Rosin believes that the more relaxed, nurturing, and self-led style of Western parenting is the better way to raise children. She believes that placing your children under immense pressure can produce
Raising a child is one of the most beautiful, difficult and rewarding jobs that most people will ever have. How one chooses to raise their child depends entirely on how one sees fit; however many other things come into play such as genes, family, culture, and community. Through these environmental factors each child is raised to a particular norm within a culture; this paper hopes to explore cultural differences in child rearing across the globe.
It is commonly understood that one’s parents influence the actions of their children. Parents play a significant role in the development of their child’s identity; through different parenting, the results of each child’s behavior, self-esteem, and relationship with his/her parents will vary. Aspects such as culture, race, and financial status, affect the way that parents raise their children. Predominantly, each and every parent aspires for his or her own to become successful. However, circumstances such as negative parent-child relationships, cultural differences, opposing goals, and age gaps will affect a child in his/her upbringing.
Parents across the world have countless ways of childrearing, but they all are derived mostly from their societies view on the "correct" way to do so. One such major child rearing practice is the responsiveness across cultures. Studies have found that most preindustrial parents are more responsive to a babies need than parents living in a industrialized society. In fact the study concluded that a preindustrial society, Efe of the Ituri Forest, parents responded to a child's needs within 10 secs 75% of the time where a industrialized society, United States, family wouldn't respond at all nearly 45% of the time. This of course is due to the parents idea of what a child's values should be. Here for example, the idea is that United States parents
In this session, I will explain about many parenting goals, beliefs, styles, behaviors, and strategies that I have experienced growing up. Parenting goals may lead to variation in parenting behavior across culture. Parenting goals provide the motivation and framework for what parents think is the best way to raise their children. In the book, “Culture and Psychology” explain about different parenting goals within different cultures. For example, there is different parenting goals between middle-class mothers in Berlin, German and middle-class mothers in New Delhi, India. In Germany, an important parenting goal is to raise children who are autonomous (Matsumoto, D. R., & Juang 2013, 68). The term autonomous means independent and having the power to make decisions. Then in India, an important parenting goal is to raise children who are autonomous, but also closely interdependent with other people (Matsumoto, D. R., & Juang 2013, 68). I believe I was more likely raised how the middle-class mothers from India raise their children.
The comparison of U.S. to Southeast Asian cultures and parenting choices may differ and in most cases they coincide. In an article by Detzner (2010) the relationship and socioeconomics of Southeast Asian states that ‘the family is an individual’s religious, economic, political, and social core. It is the first loyalty
The study supports Chua’s assertion that her Asian model of parenting works, while not discouraging the effectiveness of the Western style at the same time. This is because the study explains that the influence of their mothers and their parenting have different effects on the children of Westerners and Asians. The result concluded that thinking about their mothers motivated Asian children to do better, while the same is not true for Western children. This is because of the difference in dependence of the children on their
There are many cultural factors that come into play in the raising of children. One major factor is the role of the mother and father in early childhood interactions. Kathleen Berger points to the obvious differences between the way mothers and fathers interact with their young children. She states that mothers tend to “caress, read, sing…” where as fathers tend to “swing the baby through the air” (Berger 146). What is more, mothers tend to stay home from work to raise the children more than fathers (Berger 154). Yet the best-case scenario in raising children is for a father and mother to both be involved. One such evidence is sited by Berger when she states, “Close father–infant relationships can teach infants (especially boys) appropriate
Parenting styles, Psychologist Diana Baumrid (1991,2005) stated that during the first few years of life that’s when a child learn the basis of life and that stays with them through adulthood.
The results from this study provided an interesting perspective on the decisions parents make and on what potentially influences these
In Generation 3, parenting practices might have been influenced by culture. Culture influences the parenting practices in various ways. Today, expectations that parents have on the behaviour of their children are similar in different cultures. For instance, all cultures require children to be honest, do well in school, and be respectful, polite among others. Some cultures, however have additional expectations. For instance, American and Indian fathers feel that their children should have a spiritual foundation, while Asians believe that children should have self-control (Kotchick, & Forehand, 2002). Additionally, a parent’s daily activities also influence their child rearing practices.
In today’s society, many parenting methods make their way to the forefront of parenting styles. Among these methods includes tiger parenting, Western parenting, and helicopter parenting. All of these methods are commonly used, even though some of the techniques used may be seen as extreme. There is controversy over which parenting style is the most effective, or which results in the most successful children. As many people believe, helicopter parenting is an extremely effective method of parenting in younger children; however, once children reach teenage years, a mix of Western parenting and tiger parenting would be most effective while allowing the children to handcraft their own life.
Being a parent is something that most people will experience at some point in their lives. Considering how integral becoming a parent is to the human condition, it is always interesting to see how parenting varies not only among people of distinctively contrasting cultures, but even among people one might consider analogous. Being a parent myself, I’ve spent a considerable amount of time attempting to find the right balance of parenting styles by not just my own trial and error, but by also observing others such as my own parents. Parenting varies due to numerous reasons such as income, location, culture and perhaps most notable recently, the advancement of technology. Raising children to become well-adjusted and productive adults is no simple matter, especially when considering not only different styles of parenting, but also the different temperaments, cognitive abilities and personalities of the children. To gain insight on this issue, and perhaps gain insight as to how parenting affected me personally, I chose to interview my parents, Tawana and Gregory Barger.