Perpetrator Effect

Psychological or emotional abuse - is any action which has an effect on an individual's mental well-being, causes suffering and effects their quality of life and ability to function to their full potential.

Physical abuse is when someone hits you or hurts your body. Sexual abuse is when someone touches your body in a way you do not like, sexual abuse can also be when someone wants you to touch them or to wanting you to have sex with them when you don’t want to. Emotional abuse is when someone keeps saying hurtful things that upset you. Financial abuse is when someone takes your money or belongings from you without your permission, someone who is committing financial abuse may also force you to give them things or spend money that you don’t want to spend. Neglect by others is where the people that are supposed to support and look after you

Emotional Abuse – pattern of behaviour that ruins a child’s emotional development or sense of self-worth. This may include constant criticism, threats, or rejection, as well as withholding love, support or guidance. Emotional abuse is often difficult to prove.

Emotional abuse – involves the persistent psychological mistreatment of a child and may include making the child feel inadequate, unloved or worthless, imposing inappropriate developmental expectations on a child, threatening, taunting or humiliating the child or exploiting or corrupting

Physical abuse is “the mistreatment of a child that causes physical injury, impairment, or endangerment.” (Layman 15) It accounts for about 25 percent of abuse cases. (Moses) Children who have been abused usually show certain signs. They tend to be apathetic and withdrawn, but at the same time, constantly scanning their environment for danger. (Oates 43) Physical abuse can leave all kinds of injuries.

Physical Abuse is when someone physically causes you harm, this can include things such as; hitting, kicking, pulling hair, pinching, scratching, shaking or (in a care related situation), giving someone too much or not enough medicine. An example of physical abuse in care setting is if you are to punch or kick someone intentionally to cause harm to them. Another example would be a personal carer not giving an elderly person the correct amount of medicine at the right times to cause harm.

Physical abuse is abuse involving contact intended to cause feelings of intimidation, pain, injury, or other physical suffering or bodily harm..

* Emotional/psychological abuse: threats of harm/abandonment, over controlling, harassment, intimidation & withdrawal from support networks/services

The most common immediate effect is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder or “PTSD.” Other negative immediate effects may include depression, anxiety, promiscuity, general behavioural problems, poor self-esteem, and disruptive behaviour disorders. Potential long term effects of sexual abuse include depression, anxiety, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), sexualized dysfunction, and substance abuse, prostitution, low self-esteem, STD’s and flashbacks. These can cause vulnerable adults to even kill themselves and not want to live with what has happened to

Emotional abuse is any kind of abuse that is emotional rather than physical in nature.

Physical abuse is typically described as the use of physical force against another person that may in turn cause injury, pain or impairment. This type of abuse could be perform with or without an object.

Emotional / psychological abuse is when a person uses threats, bullying, trying to control a person’s mind, makes them feel powerless, as well as making them believe it is their own fault. This type of abuse results in mental and physical distress and includes

Emotional / psychological abuse is doing or saying things that demean and make someone feel less of themselves. This includes bulling, blaming, threatening and damaging other’s feelings of self-esteem.

Physical abuse is a deliberate use of physical force that results in bodily injury pain or impairments. Sgns of physical abuse can be burns and scalds, marks on the skin consistent with being slapped, scratched, bitten or pinched.Sexual abuse is direct or indirect involvementin sexual activity without valid consent. Signs of sexual abuse could be sexual transmitted disease,unexplained crying and distress or anxiety and fear of physical touch. Emotional/psycholoigical abuse is any action by another that damages an individuals mental wellbeing, signs of this is attention seeking behaviour,depression,low self-esteem and lack of self confidence.

The present study provides an examination of two variables which influence the attribution of responsibility to the perpetrator in the incident leading to date rape. Namely, it provides an opportunity to assess whether perpetrator's consumption of alcohol and his background has any effect on the placement of responsibility. The results support these focal hypothesis of the study that participants placed greater responsibility on the perpetrator when he was portrayed as delinquent and when the couple went to a bar than when they went to a cafe and the perpetrator was described as a valedictorian. Specifically, the analysis supported three main effects and two interaction effects as discussed below.