Physical Aspects Of Atrium

The arch is one of the most incredible feats or roman architecture. Arches we're useful becuase they were able to hold more weight and they used less materials to create. One famous arch in roman history is the Arch of Constantine. It is the largest standing roman arch. The Romans didn't just stop once they created the arch. This creation also sparked the idea of the dome. To create a dome its basically putting a bunch of arches together. We see domes and arches in many official buildings today. For example, the Capitol building in Washington

The Roman forum was an oblong space adapted from the Greek agora, located near the intersection of the Cardo Maximus and Decumanus whereas the theatre and amphitheatre were located at the perimeter of the city, wrapped around by city walls. The forum was mainly composed of public buildings such as baths, temples of worship, civic centres and administrative buildings, enclosed by colonnades and either a town hall or a basilica. This was because of the roman requirement to enclose public buildings for example the classical Greek theatre’s evolution that initially began as an open structure, however, the Romans modified the structure into an enclosed hall through the combination of the auditorium and stage (Wheeler, 1964,

Vittirio Gregotti is describing the courtyard as an architectural act par excellence saying :”The enclosure not only establishes a specific relationship with a specific place but is the principle by

Public spaces are social spaces where social phenomena happens, different activities leading to different social relations and interactions. Spaces with own rhythms of use and regulations that one can discover or rediscover in different cultural context.10 steven To understand how architecture can activate public spaces through play to make social spaces, spaces for public life, this paper first investigates how architecture defines the nature of a public spaces with the possibility of engaging public into play. Then, the paper discuss how play can engage people to redefine spaces and find something that have in common with others. And finally, how people can obtain their freedom through playing in a space will be explored. To do so, the

R E V I E W S H E E T 30 Anatomy of the Heart

A city that is known for its diverse culture, up and coming neighborhoods, and eye-catching building designs, should believe to have everything. In the city of Key Biscayne, a place that caters to the public that incorporates physical activities into their lives, and has a way to enjoy doing it at the same time is nonexistent. If inspirations that come from past designers, one specifically who has unique design characteristics, architectural landmarks, built to give visual opinions, and surrounding elements, that may be viewed various ways, is combined, it should transform into a design that can capture the traits and ideas of each aspect. By adapting to existing structure, and reinventing its design, it will allow recreating a vision and

The common roman people were placed on the lower level apartments called Insulae, and the rich Roman people of Pompeii was placed in large and luxurious complexes called Domus. Many other rich Romans lived in villas. The rich families lived in a single story home that was built around central hall known as the atrium. The atriums were open up to the weather to let the rainwater which the Roman citizen used the water to bathe in and also to drink and cooked with. The atrium was an opening to the courtyard as the peristylum this area included a garden and the garden purpose was for meetings the rooms was decorated nicely. The main rooms were decorated with color plastered on the walls the floor was also decorated and the decoration showed your wealth.

Most people focus on mitigation strategies to reduce noise while few focus on the experience of sound. However, the sense of hearing is very incorporating, and when sound is used in the right way experiences of a space can be further enriched. Paley Park in New York City is a great example of using the element of sound to enhance an urban environment. Designed by landscape architectural firm Zion & Breen, the pocket park is located in a lively area of Midtown Manhattan hidden amongst the office buildings on East 53rd Street. The entrance to the park appears to be an extension of its surroundings while simultaneously transporting you away; as one steps from the sidewalk and moves into the narrow space a sense of serenity develops as city noises begin to fade away. The side walls of the adjacent buildings are covered with dense, green ivy “vertical lawns” which contrast with colourful flowers and rough-hewn granite pavers which extend across the sidewalk to the street curb. The fourth side of the space is a 20-foot (6.1m) high cascading waterfall spanning the entire back of the park. The powerful feature runs 1,800 gallons of water per minute creating a backdrop of sound that completely masks the noises from the street and surrounding urban environment. Combined with the airy canopy formed by locust trees and simple spatial organization of furniture, the park offers a quiet urban oasis and creates a sense of

This pavilion is a more pleasant building to the viewer because of the proportion sizes of its forms used in its design. Not only does the pavilion have the similar Greek columns as the pantheon, but it also has the dome incorporated as well. Unlike the Pantheon, the pavilions design has a proportion to its forms in a way that one form does not over power the other along with the viewer being able to see the different forms while looking at the building from far away or up close. This even proportion means that the portico does not over power the façade and exterior of the building unlike in the design of the Pantheon. The pavilion also has a symmetrical balance to it just like the Pantheon. The façade in the pavilion also appears to have a uniformity in texture and color from ground to the top of its dome. Although the dome is a darker shade than the rest of the building, it still has a uniformity throughout the entire dome. The traits of the proportionality and uniformity of the design used for the pavilion create a more pleasant view than the Roman Pantheon, although it was ultimately influenced by its

Towards the city’s heavily trafficked center the Roman Forum was constructed for convenient easy access of all the citizens. The foreground of the forum was occupied by a paved square with monuments to famous citizens. The temple to the Divine Julius, dedicated in 29 BCE to the deified Caesar, built in a Hellenistic style, is located in the background on the left; to the right is the temple of Vesta and the house of the Vestal Virgins, guardians of the everlasting flame; further to the right is the temple of the Dioscuri, Castor and Pollux dedicated in 6 CE Here the office of weights and measures was situated. The podiums of the temples of Caesar and the Dioscuri were often used as orators' platforms and it is in this part of the Forum that the meetings of the comitia took place. On the far right is the Basilica Julia built by Caesar. Its long façade occupies the entire south side of the Forum. (Owens, 154) Semi-circular in plan and having consisted of a tall stage building, theaters were a semi-circular orchestra and tiered seating area. Unlike Greek theatres, which were built on natural slopes, they were supported by their own framework of piers and vaults and so could be built anywhere and not where nature dictated. Amphitheatres (literally, ‘double theatres’) were elliptical in plan; with a central areana. (Bowra, 38)

The Roman triumphal arch was traditionally a gateway, consisting of a pair of massive pylons joined by a semi-circular vault. The arch was framed by two columns or more, that were either engaged or stood on projecting pedestals. The columns are appeared to support the entablature, the horizontal section across the top of the vault which separated from the attic section. The attic was a piece of masonry that was decorated with relief sculpture and statuary.

“A column consists of a shaft together with its base and its capital, supporting a section of an entablature, which constitutes the upper horizontal part of a classical building and is itself composed of (from bottom to top) an architrave, frieze, and cornice” (Britannica, 2014). Nevertheless, Romans went beyond the Greek, by focusing not only on the external, but also the interior. By

     The arches of the Coloseum allowed great ventilation, stability, and passageways to keep the crowd comfortable all day. The most amazing construction had nothing to do with the show. The Romans had actually constructed a roof for the Coloseum. The roof was like a retractable sail covering most of the audience during the current event.

6. Automaticity – ability of heart to beat spontaneously and repetitively without external neurohormonal control. The heart is capable of beating outside the body, given proper laboratory conditions. Automaticity is evidently linked to fluid and electrolyte balance rather than to nervous system control.

There are two types of relationships between permanence and place. Architectural distinction helps to particularize a place from its surroundings. It is a static permanence. It is related to physical relationship between the building and place, its endurance, firmness and stability. Second fundamental factor is time. Time is responsible to create long lasting dispositions resulting in notable events which help to create permanent traditions that are embedded to its place. This dynamic permanence is based on mental relationship between community and place, through consciousness, awareness and various activities related to it. (Tuan, 2014)