Post Famine Research Paper

Recurring floods and droughts affect agricultural productivity and food security in Niger while eighty percent of the population depends on agriculture. According to the 2014 nutrition survey using SMART (Standardized Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transitions nutrition) the global acute malnutrition rate has reached 14.8%, close to the emergency threshold of 15% set by the WHO. This rate is higher than in the previous survey conducted in 2013 (13.3%). the situation is further aggravated by flows of refugees and returning migrants due to the situation in Libya, the armed groups such as Boko Haram in Nigeria, and Mujao from Mali which threatening the country 's economic growth. [UNICEF (2015).Aperçu des besoins humanitaires Niger][Plan de reponse 2015]. Nevertheless, through the 3 Initiative “Nigeriens Nourishing Nigeriens”, the government has made a commitment to tackle malnutrition and address food insecurity and agricultural sustainability issues. [ Niger: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper]p139-281

When you watch commercials depicting starvation in African countries like Mali, do you wonder what it would actually take to end hunger? Plenty of answers appear successful in concept, but have unforeseen complications, such as building factories in Africa to produce and process biofuels. And other obstacles such as civil wars, poor sanitation, and massive debt keep countries like Democratic Republic of the Congo from advancing. Maybe we complicate the solution to the hunger crisis by focusing on economy instead of food sustainability. Before a country can advance economically and technologically, it has to be able to feed its inhabitants. Therefore, by altering the crops currently grown in the African savannas to create agricultural sustainability, it will diminish hunger, and lead to economic growth.

All around the world, many countries are suffering from poverty and hunger. This problem can be caused by harmful economic systems, environmental factors, and past leadership.

One of the most known and talked about famines in history was the Irish Potato Famine, or otherwise known as the Great Famine. The worst famine that occurred in Europe during the 19th century. The Great famine is characterized as a time of mass starvation and disease. The effects of this famine were so great that it drove a significant amount of Ireland’s population out of their country. This included my own ancestors. They were forced to migrate to the United States due to a lack of food. The Great Famine has a direct effect to myself and my family. This assignment gave me an opportunity to take time and fully comprehend the cause and effects of an event that has a direct effect to my own family.

A famine that has taken place in the last 100 years is the Great Chinese Famine of 1959-1961. In just three years between 16.5 and 45 million people perished. At the time of the famine, the Chinese government had full control of all food production, consumption and distribution. The government also prevented peasants from migrating so they were stuck with the amount of food they were allocated. Causes of the famine were bad weather, poor government policies, and weekend worker incentives. One of the faults in government participation in the famine was that in 1959 they obtained more grain than need from the rural areas. So when famine struck they had less food to live off of than expected. Also, the government didn’t help them out until the

By the time the famine had come to an end and the farmers were able to restock their potato growth, Ireland’s population of almost 8.4 million had fallen to 6.6 million in the timespan between 1844 to 1851. In result, the clearing of many smallholders from the land and the concentration of landownership in fewer hands so that they could maintain control over the crops in the future.

Because of social instability caused by domestic or transnational war, people are driven out of their land, which leads to abandoned lands that can no longer be cultivated even when the conflict is over. Inefficient usage of resources, including land and water, is an essential cause of hunger in less developed areas. Without a stable social environment for farmers to live safely on their land, the function of financial or technological aid offered by international organizations will not be brought into play.

According to Kutzner, author of world hunger, there is enough food to feed everyone in the world. With much of the world 's agriculture being produced out of developing countries, (Kutzner), the root causes of starvation is within the economic and political factors keeping countries in poverty. Although natural catastrophes and environmental problems for food production have contributed to the food security issue in third world countries such as Ethiopia and Malawi, the Famine crisis in these countries is man-made, and is ultimately the result of issues including government policies on food markets and exports. In analyzing the root causes of food insecurity in the two developing countries Ethiopia and Malawi, I will be focusing on man-made famine from a socioeconomic theoretical lens, focusing on factors such as population, employment, and poverty. I have come to the hypothesis that famine in these two countries is made-made due to the policies that keep these countries from modernizing. I predict that due to the current economic conditions, the issue will not be resolved any time soon.

Due to internal conflicts, farmers and families are displaced, leaving land that may be used to grow food go to waste in a country that is already tortured with poverty and hunger. The circumstances in the Democratic Republic of the Congo are a perfect example of how a fickle government is a major complication in the dismissal of poverty and malnutrition. Nearly 80 percent of the population in the Congo is faced with extreme poverty. Food insecurity and malnourishment affect more than 70 percent of the households. Over the course of several years, there have been over 4 million lives lost due to violence, malnutrition and disease. These numbers could have been decreased if there was more control and stability in the government to do so. With repairs that would help small-scale farmers establish their land and increase production, education in the country, decrease the gender gap, and provide comprehension into the development of the country and clarification towards internal conflicts, the shock of hunger and poverty would decrease greatly therefore paving a road for long term

The Great Famine occurred in Ireland between 1845 and 1850 (Gray 2004). The famine was caused by infectious diseases to potato crops and to humans, but also by structural issues in Ireland at the time of the occurrence (Gray 2004). The demography of Ireland changed drastically during the span of less than a decade. Prior to the famine, the Irish population was at 8.4 million in 1844 but as a result of the famine, a decline of 2.2 million people left Ireland with only a population of 6.6 million people in 1951 (Mokyr 2016). Research from the 1980s indicates the famine and accompanying diseases killed approximately 1.1 million people and the other half became emigrants (Gray 2004).

Sweat dripping from their foreheads, stomachs yearning for their next meal, legions of children watch as the villagers of their town walk by. With sharp pains lingering in their stomachs, the young lay, fatigued from the lack of nutrition. Attacked by disease and sickness, people flee from their own nations in search of food. Families are split up as a result of this frantic search for food, often times leaving no one to take care of the younger ones. The number of cases of disease, sickness and death are increasing at an alarming rate. What is making the lives of these people so tragic? Violence and corruption have become more prominent because of turbulent international relations, resulting in an epidemic of hunger crises within various third

How many of you know what famine is? Famine is an extreme and long-term shortage of food that leads to widespread hunger and sometimes death to millions of people. Granted, many of you may be aware of what famine might be, however, there are very few if not any of you that have experienced this firsthand. Unfortunately, the people of Somalia and Ethiopia don’t happen to be as fortunate as us. Everyday thousands of people continue to die from starvation, dehydration, diseases, and the list can go on.

Malawi is a small, land locked country in southern Africa, that has population of 12 million people (Menon, 2007). 65 percent are below the poverty line and 28 percent live in extreme poverty, It is known as one of the poorest country in Africa (Menon, 2007) Reports had shown that, instance of food insecurity has been happening for some time, however little attention was payed (Menon, 2007). In 2002, 500-1000 people died from hunger or hunger related diseases (Menon, 2007). The latest figures showed a huge leap in the number of people in need of food aid, over 8 million based in an article release on May 27, 2016, (Masina, 2016). In April of the same year the government stated that 2.8 million people were in need, a

In the 1990s, approximately 800 000 people died due to the famine. Since then, there has been little proof that grain production had recovered. Little has changed on the policies in place, the diplomatic environment, which has brought the government to again almost deliberately triggering another phase of famine.

that the famine started the woes of the Highlands and that the already fragile state of the populace was