Prehistoric Mesopotamian And Egyptian Civilization Summary

When you look back in history to the development and the contributions of both the Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations, you see that there was a lot accomplished, as well as a lot created. The earliest forms of writing developed in Mesopotamia, while Egypt was referred to the “Gift of the Nile” by traveler Herodotus (McKay,42). Development of cities was another major marker, especially in the “old world”, of how people eventually determined civilizations and what they represented. According to McKay, civilizations were determined by people who considered themselves more “civilized”, urban people mostly. Made up of cities, written rules of law, and social justice codes, Mesopotamia and Egypt would develop into two of the largest civilizations in history.

Ancient Mesopotamia is considered the cradle of civilization,because the citizens of this culture developed the government,agriculture,language,religion,

Representation of gender and gender roles as seen in Woman of Willendorf Double pieces that have lasted over thousands of ages to offer scholars with references to human existence during the Paleolithic period are the Woman of Willendorf figure and the Lion Man of Hohlenstein-Stadel. Each figure is condensed with amazing features, even though they are not thorough to the level of realism. The Woman of Willendorf is one of the best instances of the small ‘Venuses’ that have been uncovered meaning that her persistence was a part of a ethnic set of views about women and fertility. The Lion Man, is a more exclusive artifact that recounts to the complex figures that are recognized from other cultures within which the related mythologies that have been revealed. The Lion Man has no known mythology that is obtainable in known written history to this day. The two pieces propose the unknown about the Paleolithic era, recognizing a sagacity of religion and rituals that were part of the lives of those who lived during that era and enlightening recent scholars on some aspects of the people during that time.

Culture and Worldviews Culture is a way of life. It can be defined as a group of people linked by geographical location, ethnicity, gender or age. Culture can be reflected through language, clothing, food, behavior, spirituality and traditions. The behavioral patterns developed through culture are difficult to change. Cultures are formed

Culture is the characteristics of a group of people defined by language, cuisine, religion social habits music and art. There are many different types of culture including western culture, eastern culture, African culture and many more. Culture is influenced by the groups of people that make up the country (Zimmermann, 2012). The term culture was first used by an English Anthropologist named Edward B. Tyler. It was first mentioned in 1871 in his book named ‘Primitive Culture’. He stated that culture is "that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society”. Since then culture is the main focus of anthropology.

The ancient lands of Mesopotamia are unknown territory for many people. It is one of the earliest civilizations in the world. The first great civilization, located between Tigris and Euphrates rivers, was developed in 3500 BC. Word “Mesopotamia” is derived from two Greek words meaning ‘land between two rivers’. The region is a vast, dry plain through which two great rivers flow. People of Mesopotamia were ‘Sumerians’. Tigris and Euphrates created fertile river basins for the region. World’s first cities grew up in Mesopotamia. The people of Mesopotamia were among the first to use the written words and a language of their own. Mesopotamia is known as the “cradle of civilization”. The Tigris and Euphrates rivers provided rich fruitful soil and

1) Paleolithic Age is a period in history where humans were nomadic hunters and gatherers. An example of this period is when humans had created stone and other tools during the Paleolithic Age.

Thousands of years ago, in separate river valleys, two large settlements met the requirements needed to become two of the four first civilizations, and Egypt and Mesopotamia were formed. They were similar, as they both met the criteria to become a civilization, but they were also different, because geographic factors affected their lives differently. Three reasons why the society, government, and culture of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia were similar and different are: first, while both civilizations were located in a river valley, geographic conditions made sustaining society in Mesopotamia more difficult than in Ancient Egypt. Second, Mesopotamia and Egypt had effective bureaucracies, but the many sustained invasions throughout Ancient Mesopotamian history made the state less stable than Egypt. Lastly, although both religions were polytheistic, unpredictable war and flooding made Mesopotamian culture pessimistic, while Egyptian culture reflected Egypt’s stability.

The first is the foraging era, the second in the agrarian era, and the third is the modern era. According to David Christian,"The past is seamless, fluid, and continuous.There are few natural breaks, so any attempt to divide the past into neat chronological chunks must be artificial. Periodization always does violence to the complexity of the past, and even the most conscientious attempts at dividing up the past involve some distortion." (p.__). Even though Christians scheme of periodization isn't perfect, it is the most efficient way of periodization, as "It will sacrifice important details to sketch out the larger patterns." (p.__). One of the things that Christian did to keep the story fluid and continuous was describing the transition period between areas. The foraging era was the longest of the three eras. It started with the first appearance of humans in 250,000 years ago in East Africa . They hunted for food and gathered all of their supplies. Their lifestyle left little room for innovation. As human populations increased, foragers were forced to either finder more efficient ways of getting food out of a certain area or they had to migrate. "Overpopulation would have posed a clear choice: migrate or intensify."(p.29). This was the birth of the agrarian era. Agrarian societies were able to support more people, so villages began to form. As the societies got bigger and more powerful, they

Culture is defined as a whole basis of knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, and customs that define a person or group of persons. Culture differs is so many ways and that culture is what defines each of person as an individual. This concept comes from the cultural that was taught and developed from after birth and through our adolescent years. Our culture is the foundation of who we are. It identifies the lifestyle and pursuits that are practiced in the group of people we interact with in our society. Culture beliefs, values, and practices are learned from birth.

Ancient Mesopotamia, sometimes referred to as the “Cradle of Civilization”, was located in the Fertile Crescent between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, bringing the Greek origin of its name, of “land between rivers”. There were two very different regions in ancient Mesopotamia:

Mesopotamia and Egypt Civilization The first civilizations and the rise of empires began with small groups or villages existing with the use of hunting, fishing, and foraging. (William J. Duiker and Jackson J. Spielvogel, World History, vol. 1, 1) Within a few thousand years, people learned how to cultivate food

Kyle Wiebe Dr. Guang Qiu Xu World Civilizations 13 October 2014 Have you ever wondered about the actual significance of cave paintings? Henri Breuil and Hans-Georg Bandi do an excellent job of explaining and documenting early cave paintings in their book Art of the Stone Age: Forty Thousand Years of Rock Art. This book

Old Dominion University | The Impact of Culture on Virginia Politics | POLS 311 | Geraldine Pearman 9-19-2015 | Geraldine Pearman Virginia History and Politics Dr. Pelletier Fall 2015 The Impact of Culture on Virginia Politics A culture can be defined as a way of life of a group of people- their behaviors, beliefs, values that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next. It also includes the customs, arts, literature, morals/values and traditions of a particular society or group (Virginia Encyclopedia). Culture can also be considered as a way of thinking, behaving, or working that exists in places or organizations. This topic is of huge importance to our society mainly in the state of

The divide between the Paleolithic period and the Neolithic period could not be greater. However, both time periods rely on each-others advancements for the ultimate development of art, and architecture. The Paleolithic time period is divided into three sections, lower, middle and upper. This time period is essentially the beginning of human control over the environment. Humans were now beginning to leave their mark, so-to-speak. During this time period, humans relied on hunting, fishing, and farming for their survival, they began drawing in caves at this time. Cave art was the ancient version of murals. The art depicted what the ancient culture valued most, life. During this time period, creation was important and essential. Artists depicted everyday life and animals because that is what they depended on for their livelihood.