Psychology Study Guide Chapter 1: Different types of psychologists (clinical, forensic, social, health, industrial etc) • Clinical: aim to reduce psychological distress. Anxiety, depression, relationship problems, addictions and relationships. • Forensic: applying theory to criminal investigations, understanding psychological problems associated with criminal behavior, and the treatment of criminals. • Social: The study of relations between people and groups. Thoughts, feelings and behaviors altered by others. typically explain human behavior as a result of the interaction of mental states and immediate social situations • Health: relatively new. Principles are used to help changes about people’s attitudes about health and illness. …show more content…
Stimulus Discrimination • The tendency of a CR to be weaker or not occur to the CSs that are dissimilar to the original CS or that have undergone extinction. Classical conditioning • Establishing a learned association between two stimuli. (Pavlov and dogs) Operant Conditioning • The imposition of a contingencies, either deliberate or natural. (reinforcer and punisher) Little Albert Experiment • Watson and Rayner 1920 • When presented with a white rat, a disturbing noise. Became afraid of other white colored things (white dogs, fur coats, santa claus) Negative reinforcement • Something unpleasant is moved away or doesn’t happen when the desired behavior is performed. Chapter 5: Acoustic encoding • The process of remembering and comprehending something that you hear. Repetition of words or putting information into a song or rhythm uses acoustic encoding. Semantic encoding • A specific type of encoding in which the meaning of something (a word, phrase, picture, event, whatever) is encoded as opposed to the sound or vision of it. Research suggests that we have better memory for things we associate meaning to and store using semantic encoding. Iconic encoding • Very brief sensory memory of some visual stimuli, that occur in the form of mental pictures. Stored for shorter periods of time than echoic memories. Memory retrieval • The process of extracting knowledge fro long term memory. Curve of forgetting • The
Checked vital signs, administered medication as schedule, and reported accurate recording of patient weight while gathering collected routing specimens for the immediate supervisor.
After checking some of the websites about psychobabble and its meaning, I have learned that there is a lot of words used today by ordinary people, and Psychologist. Some Psychologist or Doctors will diagnose children with ADHD, but they have not tested these children properly to prove their diagnosis. Sometimes these children may be just bored or they need something to do that stimulates their interest in the subject that they are studying or they just have built-up energy and they may need more exercise in their daily routine, than other children.
Social psychologists- Study how we interact with others, how we influence people, and how people influence us
* Consolidation- hypothetical process involving gradual conversion of information into memory codes stored in long term memory.
In Chapter 7 of our What Is Psychology textbook, we learned about the importance, details and strategies of memory techniques. One type of memory is Short Term, which only last up to thirty seconds before forgetting. Whenever has to remember a number or a name, they often repeat the information multiple times so that the Short Term Memory can transition into Long Term Memory. In order for this transition to occur, the information must be constantly repeated, or important enough to be held in the permanent memory, which helps create a “folder” with all retaining information and reminiscing. Another way short term can become long term is using a method called Chunking, this breaks the bigger pictures into smaller ones for the brain to remember,
Paula is apart of the target student group in her class. She does lack the cognitive capabilities as her peers in the higher cognitive functioning groups.Though Paula does show eagerness to perform as well as her other peers, there are many things, including her low cognitive ability, that keeps her from catching onto the information he is taught. During the initial pre-test, Paula, scored with a 33.34%,one of the two lowest scores in the class. Like her peers, Paula was not able to finish the test, and the test fairly measured the information that she was able to answer before getting highly frustrated with the pre-test like her peers. Paula was able to correctly identify the questions that asked about the needs of a plant. Paula was
2. To lose weight, the diet should be as close to the normal diet as possible; only then one will to stick to it
I have decided to study Psychology after having looked in more depth at the course content. Although I have a particular interest in studying Forensic Psychology I am wanting to study Psychology to gain a wide perspective in all types of psychology and I am keeping an open mind in case any other types of psychology attract my interest more. I am looking forward to the analysis, research and exploration of these all in greater depth. I particularly looking forward to learning the Physiological & Cognitive Psychology as they will open my understanding to the processes of the mind, emotion and behaviour as well as the functions and anatomy of the Nervous
In the study by McDonald and Borsook (2010), thirty students (18 female, and 11 males) from an introductory psychology course were offered course credit to participate in the study. They each were assigned to a two different study conditions. Each of the students took questionnaires, including an attachment style questionnaire at the outset of the study, and each were randomly selected to a different testing scenario. Some were selected to be part of a positive social interaction, and some to a negative social interaction. The study concluded that individuals with avoidant attachment responded positively, to positive social interactions. This contradicted the belief that these individuals hold on to feelings of superiority, and shy away from
Short-term retention of a single word relies on retrieval from long-term memory when both rehearsal and refreshing are disrupted
* Predict: Offering predictions (or hypotheses) about how a given condition or set of conditions will affect
What is Psychology? By definition, psychology is the study of the mind and behavior relating to a specific field of knowledge and activity. There are many areas in psychology that psychologists study. Each field of psychology represents a detailed area of study focused on a certain topic. In this paper, I would like to talk about two areas of psychology that I find quite interesting and that I wish to write about in my area paper. The two areas I would like to talk more about are: Social psychology and Abnormal psychology.
Psychological research describes investigations psychologists undertake in order to review and analyse a specific hypothesis, (a theory about the relationship between defined variables). Research allows theories to be confirmed, amended or rejected and often leads to further research as requirements evolve. Psychological research can take many forms, from laboratory based experiments to non-invasive viewing of subjects in their own environment. This research can take place using human or non-human subjects and the analysed results applied to human behaviour or experience within many disciplines including, education, legal or occupational.
Psychology is a very interesting field of science and study. It can tell interesting facts about someone and their personality. It can study a person’s behavior and the causes of the issues in their daily tasks. There have been fun tests that involve psychology. There is a lot of confusion about of psychology in media. They are normally depicted as criminal investigators and high action paced cops. While psychology is used in police activity it is not as hyped as it is in the movies or television shows.
Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. The discipline embraces all aspects of the human experience — from the functions of the brain to the actions of nations, from child development to care for the aged. In every conceivable setting from scientific research centers to mental healthcare services, "the understanding of behavior" is the enterprise of psychologists. (http://www.apa.org, 2014)