Chapter 1: Chemistry: The Study of Change 1. A tentative explanation for a set of observations that can be tested by further experimentation is referred to as A) a hypothesis. B) a law. C) a theory. D) none of the above. Ans: A Category: Easy Section: 1.3 2. A concise verbal or mathematical statement of a relationship between phenomena that is always the same under the same conditions is referred to as A) a hypothesis. B) a law. C) a theory. D) none of the above. Ans: B Category: Easy Section: 1.3 3. A unifying principle that explains a body of facts and relations is referred to as A) a hypothesis. B) a law. C) …show more content…
E) Sodium is never found as the pure metal in nature. Ans: B Category: Easy Section: 1.6 12. All of the following are properties of tin. Which one is a chemical property of tin? A) Tin can be hammered into a thin sheet. B) At –40°C a sheet of tin crumbles to a gray powder. C) Tin melts at 231.9°C. D) When a bar of tin is bent, it emits an audible “cry”. E) Tin erodes when added to hydrochloric acid, and a clear gas forms. Ans: E Category: Medium Section: 1.6 13. Which one of the following represents a chemical change? A) boiling water to form steam B) burning a piece of coal C) heating lead until it melts D) mixing iron filings and sand at room temperature E) breaking glass Ans: B Category: Medium Section: 1.6 14. Which of the following does not represent a chemical change? A) a freshly cut apple turns brown B) milk turns sour on standing at room temperature C) when cooled to 0°C, liquid water becomes ice D) frying an egg E) fermentation of sugar to alcohol Ans: C Category: Easy Section: 1.6 15. The SI prefixes nano and deci represent, respectively: A) 10–9 and 10–6. D) 109 and 10–6. B) 106 and 10–3. E) 10–9 and 10–1.
So, somebody can make a certain observation and come up with a hypothesis about how and why a phenomenon occurs the way it is. Hypothesis could be
This is a simple equation that doesn’t properly prove the reaction. It is very complex and starts with this:
(a.) A scientific theory has two components; a pattern, and a process that creates the pattern. A hypothesis is a testable statement that explains a phenomenon of a set of observations.
Mouth wash |B4|The mouthwash was a yellow color as it was original falvor, after adding bromthymol blue the mixture turned a blue again similar the the pine sol. |
Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to observe a variety of chemical reactions and to identify patterns in the conversion of reactants into products.
Suppose you were using a portable CD player and your favorite audio CD produced an “ERROR” code when you tried to listen to it. Create a single hypothesis and provide a step-by-step procedure for testing the hypothesis.
The results obtained support the hypothesis at the beginning of the experiment. Apart from that, the experiment is conducted according to the instructions given. This increases the validity of the experiment.
The reaction turned dark blue. When Bromothymol Blue reacts with an acid, it turned orange, and when it reacts with a base, the end result is blue.
into the blood. Doctors would measure the amount of tracer that is found in the urine of their patient in order to diagnose them. Which is the only subatomic particle that is directly involved in the chemical reactions between atoms? The only subatomic particle that is directly involved is an electron. What is potential energy? Potential energy is energy that matter has due to its location or structure. Explain which has more potential energy in each pair: boy at the top of a slide/boy at the bottom Boy at top of a slide because of his location. electron in the first energy shell/electron in the third energy shell Electron in third energy shell because of its relative distance from the nucleus water/glucose Glucose because of its structure (glucose has more chemical bonds) What determines the chemical behavior of an atom? The distribution of electrons in the electron shells determines the chemical behavior of an atom. For sodium: How many valence electrons does it have? 1 valence electron How many protons does it have? 11 protons Section 3 15. Define molecule. A molecule is formed by two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond. 16. Now, refer back to your definition of a compound and fill in the following chart: Molecule? Compound? Molecular Formula Structural Formula (y/n) (y/n) Water Yes Yes H2O H - O - H Carbon Dioxide Yes Yes CO2 O = C = O Methane Yes Yes CH4 Oxygen Yes No O2 O = O What type of bond is seen in O2? Explain what this means. A double covalent bond is
Changes in matter occur every day. There are two types of ways matter can be altered; physically and chemically. Physical changes do not change the composition of the matter while chemical changes occur when one or more substances turn into a completely new substance.
This paper is about chemical reactions and chemical reaction types. All the data gathered was from conducting multiple experiments. Each experiment was performed carefully and analyzed to obtain the necessary information for the paper. That information included the four signs of a chemical change, the rnx type, and more.
Abstract: Cold packs are based on the principle of endothermic reactions, which means a reaction that absorbs heat from the surrounding resulting in a temperature drop. Due to this temperature drop, cold packs have many benefits when it comes to injuries such as sprains and strains. It cools the local tissue and reduces bleeding, swelling and pain. It also aids in a speedy recovery. The most commonly used chemical in instant cold packs is ammonium nitrate which will be tested in the investigation along with four other chemicals in water. These other chemicals include potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, sodium acetate and sodium chloride. The
The subject of this paper has at least five names. Documentary Hypothesis and JEDP Theory are the most common. In this paper, this scholarly position will always be referred to as Documentary Hypothesis with a few exceptions.
Chemistry has had a large impact on medicine as we know it today. In fact medicine would have never gotten as advanced as it has today without chemistry to help it out. Everything that medicine does is based on chemistry at its core. A long time ago when there was not nearly as much knowledge of chemistry and the medicine was much more basic as well. All of medicine is made of different elements in one way or another. Chemistry will probably also have impacts on the discoveries in medicine yet to come.
Alchemy is considered the precursor to modern chemistry. When you think of chemistry, usually you think of an exact science; something very meticulous. Truthfully, it is. To be accurate and to obtain precise and desired results, it must be accurate. Alchemy, however, was not an exact science, it was a primitive approach to the elements and usually they looked to a deity to actually initiate chemical reactions. Thus we separated them, but for good reason. In today's time we us instruments to give us exactness and precision that mankind had formerly ignored. Throughout time you will see that mankind has used chemistry to solve its most complex of problems and build a world that 7 billion people have come to know as home.