Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy ( Rebt ) Foundation

This theory states that individuals tend to believe certain things or think a certain way because their point of view has

(Albert Ellis (1957) called the ABC Technique of Irrational Beliefs. He believes that the activating event (A) do not caused negative emotional and behavioral consequences (C) , it is how a person interpret these events unrealistically and therefore has an irrational belief system (B).

Moreover, finding different ways of dealing with the negative interpretation of an individual's schema is what Cognitive-behavior therapy strives to do. Many of the ideas of Cognitive-behavior therapy derive form Albert Ellis's Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy are deemed the early stages and development of Cognitive-behavior therapy, but REBT takes the confrontational route which means that the counselor would tell the client that their schemas are impractical (Henderson, 2016). Cognitive-behavior therapy believes that the relationship between counselor and client is important, therapeutic, and effective for the client's recovery. Moreover, there are three assumptions that Cognitive-behavior therapy goes by; one cognitive activity effects and individuals behavior. Second, cognitive activity can be changed through moderation. Finally, through cognitive change the client can be accomplished by desiring change. The following studies show Cognitive-behavioral therapy in action and its effects on

When attempting to justify why they do or do not have a particular belief, many people today often have many opinions rather than reasons. (Ham 1)

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) refers to a popular therapeutic approach that has been applied to a variety of presenting concerns and psychological conditions. CBT refers to a class of interventions that share the basic premise that mental disorders and psychological distress are maintained by cognitive factors. Per classes 11 & 12’s PowerPoint, the core premise of this treatment approach is that maladaptive cognitions contribute to the maintenance of emotional distress and behavioral problems. According to Walsh, J., 2015, these maladaptive cognitions include assumptions, expectations, and general beliefs, or schemas, about the world, the self, and the future, giving rise to specific and automatic thoughts, in particular, situations (p. 172). This perspective posits that therapeutic intervention to change these maladaptive cognitions lead to changes in emotional distress and problematic behaviors. However, if an event or series of events violates an individual’s beliefs and assumptions, then dysfunctional assumptions, negative biases, and automatic thoughts become more active, and distressed states such as depression/anxiety can result (Walsh, J., 2015, p. 175).

Once these profiles have been formulated, therapist and client engage in a collaborative, empirical process to test out these thoughts and beliefs and their accompanying emotions and behaviours to promote enduring therapeutic change’ (Wills, 2006, p11). In other works, Cognitive Therapy aims to help the client overcome difficulties by identifying and changing dysfunctional/distorted thinking, behaviour and emotional responses. This involves developing skills to change beliefs and behaviour, recognise distorted thinking and to relate to others in different ways. (McGuire 2000). Beck’s work was strongly influenced by Ellis’ Rational Emotive Therapy (later known as Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy). The philosophic origins of Ellis’ therapy go back to the Stoic philosophers (Epictetus & Marcus Aurelius) for example, Epictetus wrote ‘Men are disturbed not by things, but by the view which they take of them’ (cited in Westbrook et al, 2011, p5)’.

The second one is beliefs in which a person has learned beliefs which are “favorable to crime” (Crime Causation, 2015). Most of us have been taught from early on about right and wrongs, yet some people don’t abide by that depending on the issue at hand. For example: We all think it’s wrong to kill a person, but we might feel it’s justified if this person has done something bad like killer people etc.

Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy was developed by Ellis who created the Cognitive approach to abnormality. His therapy is based on the idea that many psychological problems are the result of faulty thinking and because of this, individuals create habits due to the faulty thinking such as avoiding a crowded room because they feel like everyone is watching them.

Belief perseverance is the act of resisting change in our ideas and beliefs once they have been created. When there is evidence that leads us to believe in something, it is very hard to shift away from that belief despite any contradictory information about our original views (Nisbitt & Ross, 1980). Belief perseverance interferes with critical

As defined in our textbook, the term belief perseverance refers to the tendency to stick to our initial beliefs, even when evidence contradicts them. When contradictory evidence is presented, an individual’s first instinct is typically to discredit, dismiss or misinterpret this information, instead of admitting they are wrong. The term belief perseverance is often associated with another term, confirmation bias, which refers to an individual’s tendency to actively seek out evidence that supports their hypothesis and to deny all contradicting evidence. Both of these terms are extremely applicable in everyday life, as it is part of human nature to believe that our beliefs are correct.

Beck named his model Cognitive Therapy, and Ellis called his model Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) (Geldard et al., 2013, p. 42). Both therapies focus on incorporating rational thinking and actions into changing human behavior within the context of the social environment (Early & Grady, 2017, pp. 39-40). The assumption for both theories is "maladaptive reaction patterns can be unlearned" (Beck, 2016, p.777). Aaron Beck Aaron Beck believed a person's belief system and expectations are connected to emotional well-being, and irrational beliefs lead to maladaptive behaviors (Beck, 2016, p. 776).

REBT differs from most of the other CBTs by focusing on the clients evaluation of events. Very often, when we evaluate negative events, our evaluations are rigid and extreme. These rigid and extreme evaluations lead to emotional disturbance and self-defeating behavior. When we modify our rigid and extreme beliefs, our emotional responses are healthier and our actions, particularly to problems are more efficient. For example, if a client failed an important exam. According to Ellis, clients may evaluate the situation as "awful" and tend to make themselves depressed. REBT encourages clients to reconsider this evaluation and to conclude that failing the exam is probably not the end of the world.

Disputing the Basic Musts and demands in these irrational beliefs and turning the musts into simply preferences can help cure behavioral and emotional disturbances. The following should be disputed: false generalizations, unrealistic conclusions, non sequiturs, definitional statements, theological conclusions, self-defeating conclusions, secondary disturbance conclusions, hopelessness conclusions, and

The phenomenon of false belief is presented through false-belief tasks which are a type of task, used in theory of mind studies in which the child must infer that another person holds a belief that is false. (Bjorklund, Blasi, 2012, p. 656) False belief tasks can help an experimenter determine how far along a child is in their social development. A child’s performance on false-belief tasks is also influenced by quality of attachment, parenting styles, parent child communication, language

In the three introductory sessions that took place with my client Jean, I practiced Solution-Focused Therapy, Rational Emotive Therapy, and Humanistic Therapy. In this paper I would like to compare Solution-Focused Therapy and Rational Emotive Therapy by talking about both individually. I would also like to talk about the differences in these two therapies. I would also like to share how I used these therapies as the primary techniques in the introductory therapy sessions that I had with my client. I have enjoyed practicing all three types of therapy in my three sessions with Jean, but I felt that these two were the most prominent to reflect upon in this paper. Through our Introduction to Counseling class and our