Research Study On Kidney Disease

The population of interest in the proposed evidence-based project includes adults; (i) with a primary diagnosis of hypertension (values >140/90 mmHg or a mean daytime systolic BP of130 mm for diabetic patients), (ii) aged 18 years or over, and (iii) able to express themselves in written or spoken English. Patients with a diagnosis of end-stage renal disease, severe cognitive impairment or any other form of illness that would make their participation in the quality improvement

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide problem that is currently three times higher for African Americans, Hispanics, Pacific Islanders, American Indians and seniors (The National Kidney Foundation, 2013). CKD occurs when the kidneys are damaged by a pathogen or injury and they can no longer adequately maintain proper levels of regulated chemicals in the bloodstream. There are many risk associated with CKD. According to the National Kidney Foundation, two of the major risks are Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) and Cardiovascular Disease. Currently twenty million American adults have CKD and millions of others are at increased risk. Age has no barrier on getting CKD. People with pre-existing health issues, and a part of certain population

Differentiate between the causes, signs and symptoms, and diagnostic findings in pre- renal, intra-renal, and post-renal failure.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disorder and occurs in the elderly population. In younger patients, it

The results also showed that patients in the treatment group had a lower risk of hospitalization for heart failure, progression of albuminuria, and loss of kidney function

What supports the diagnosis of chronic renal failure instead of acute renal failure? Give reasons from George’s history; his signs/symptoms.

Underdiaxonsied and undertreated it is a major concern for the aging population of the United States. One of the first steps is educating the public on early detection techniques and risk factor for developing CKD. High blood pressure and diabetes is a major contributor in developing the disease and thus high risk factor groups should be identified early. This way the individuals can begin implementing lifestyle changes that can not only decrease the rate of kidney function decline but improve it as well. Management of the disease focus on the major complications. Anemia, dyslipidemia, CKD-MBD, nutrition and cardiovascular are the forefront of the disease management. Management with not only medications, but lifestyle changes creates a holistic care plan specialized to each individual patient. By treating not CKD but the individual patient, outcomes will improve. Implementing the health care team as a whole will unify the strengths in modern medicine and thus relieve a huge financial burden that chronic kidney disease yields at a national and local

In the United States, over 5 million patients have heart failure (HF) and approximately 20 million patients have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Both conditions are linked by multiple risk factors including obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, tobacco abuse, and increasing age. The presence of HF increases the risk of CKD and vice versa. Nearly one third of all patients with HF and 70% of Medicare patients with HF have Stage III CKD or greater and approximately 50% of dialysis dependent end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients will develop HF.

Using an existing National VA AKI-CKD study cohort extracted from the VA CDW containing electronic medical records, I will identify those in the cohort diagnosed with AKI using KDIGO along with associated International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) diagnostic codes for AKI or acute renal failure as inclusion criteria in my study population (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), 2012). I will exclude those who do not fit the set cohort criteria.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a disease that is described as a loss of kidney function gradually over time. As kidney function decreases, the waste collection in the body’s blood becomes high and makes the individual feel sick. This disease can lead to other complications in the body such as anemia, poor nutritional health, high blood pressure, and nerve damage. These complications will begin to progress and show as CKD progresses to advanced stages. Early detection of this disease is essential when it comes to treatment. If CKD is diagnosed early enough the disease progression can be slowed down and managed. This disease will eventually lead to failure of the kidneys

Figure 1: Cardiovascular disease mortality by age, race, and gender in the general population and in dialysis patients. Cardiovascular mortality is defined as death due to arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, atherosclerotic heart disease, and pulmonary oedema. Data from the general population are from the National Centre for Health Statistics multiple cause of mortality files 1993. Data from dialysis patients include haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis combined from USRDS 1994-1996. Reprinted with permission from Am J Kidney Dis 32[Suppl 3]: S115, 1998.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an irreversible condition that progresses causing kidney dysfunction and then to kidney failure. It is classified by a GFR of <60mL/min for longer than 3 months. There are five stages of CKD: Stage 1 has kidney damage but has a GFR ≥ 90. Stage 2 has mild damage and a GFR of 60-89. Stage 3 has moderate damage and a GFR of 30-59. Stage 4 has severe damage and a GFR of 15-29. Stage 5 is also known as end stage renal disease (ESRD), this is kidney failure with a GFR of ≤ 15 and theses patients are typically on dialysis or in need of an immediate transplant. The leading cause of CKD is diabetes. Hypertension is also a major cause. Since most DM patients have HTN,

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is among the leading causes of mortality throughout the world, and its prevalence and the health care costs resulting from it are considerable and increasing. CKD commonly is silent and asymptomatic until its late stages. Accordingly, CKD is diagnosed prior to symptomatic stage of kidney failure, resulting in delays in proper interventions and the emergence of adverse consequences in the CKD patients

Mr. Armstrong has a history of renal insufficiency and uncontrolled hypertension, along with symptoms of fatigue, pedal edema, and occasional shortness of breath. He does not have a history of trauma or obstruction to his kidneys, but his creatinine and BUN levels are currently at 3.5 mg/dl and 40 mg/dl. Normal creatinine concentration values are 0.7 to 1.2 mg/dl and normal BUN values are 10 to 20 mg/dl; this reveals that Mr. Armstrong’s kidneys are not removing wastes properly (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2014).  Mr. Armstrong’s history of renal insufficiency and uncontrolled hypertension is commonly found in patients diagnosed with intrarenal (intrinsic) acute renal failure. Intrarenal acute renal failure can be categorized as

stages, symptoms and risk factors. It also examines the process of kidney transplantation to treat