4. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) NICE NG28 Type 2 Diabetes in Adult: Management7 recommends that we refer to the DVLA “At a glance guide to the current medical standards of fitness to drive” when offering SMBG to those with T2DM We should be routinely offering SMBG to those with T2DM if: • The person is on insulin• There is evidence of hypoglycaemic episodes• The person is on an oral drug that increases the risk of hypoglycaemia whilst driving or operating heavy machinery (e.g. sulphonylureas)• The person is pregnant, or planning to become pregnant• It is part of a structured education programme to help patients understand their diabetes or identify asymptomatic hypoglycaemia We can also consider short-term SMBG if starting …show more content…
NICE NG3 Diabetes in Pregnancy11 recommend we follow-up those with GDM as follows: • Offer lifestyle advice and check a FBG at 6-13 weeks after birth in those women with GDM. Do not routinely offer an oral glucose tolerance testo Pragmatically, this could comprise part of the routine 6-week post-partum check • If the FBG is ≥7mmol/l, a diagnosis of T2DM can be established• Importantly, If the FBG is negative, the woman requires an annual HbA1C test in line with NICE Public Health Guidance 38 “Prevention of T2DM – risk identification and interventions for individuals at high risk”4 (see above)References 1. Diabetes UK State of the Nation 2016 (England): Time to take control of diabetes. Available at: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/About_us/What-we-say/Statistics/State-of-the-Nation-2016-Time-to-take-control-of-diabetes/2. Lindstrom J, Peltonen M, Eriksson JG et al. Improved lifestyle and decreased diabetes risk over 13 years: long-term follow-up of the randomised Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS). Diabetologia 2013; 56(2):284-933. NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme (NHS DPP). Available at:
One very prevalent issue that has more than doubled since the 1980’s and is growing rapidly is diabetes. In fact, “diabetes prevalence is particularly high among people age sixty-five and older, and it doubled among Medicare beneficiaries between 1987 and 2008, rising from 11.3 percent to 22.6 percent” (Thorpe, 2012, p. 61). The ACA granted the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The result obtained was very high. Analysis Blood glucose is essential part of diabetic management and in order to provide appropriate care and the treatment to be efficient , the blood glucose measurement needs to be accurate at all times as it is easy to fail due to infection control namely hands hygiene and wearing gloves. Also the use of single-use lancet is crucial to prevent blood borne viruses (CDC 2012). The reusable device is safe to use only for a single person în their own environment.
The study had an overall total of 1150 participants. Although there were many participants to begin with, they did not provide all of the feedback the researchers had requested. This resulted in the expulsion of their participation, so their results were not included in the final reports of the study. The number of patients that did provide the essential information added up to a total of 901. The profile for a participant was a patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes in the last 6 months, but has been diagnosed no more than 10 years ago. They had to be between 35-70 years of age. Their BMI had to be more or less than 24 kg/m2 and have an HbA1c more or less than 6.5%. They also had to have treatment with a diet or oral glucose lowering medication. Those needing insulin shots, had been diagnosed with chronic diseases, or had a change in diet or lifestyle 3 months prior to the study were not included in the overall
This overview will cover the history, depth and breadth of diabetes along with its impact on the population and determinant data related to the condition. Discussion will be made regarding improvements for this initiative, the impact of health policy, educational programs and recommendations for the future. Finally, the overview will conclude with a discussion on the influence of a Christian worldview.
We can and must prevent the preventable. The human and financial cost of not intervening will be far greater than the cost of intervening” (International Diabetes Federation, 2016). Basically, diabetes is preventable, it is one’s own will to have courage to fight and with the help of supporters there is no excuse in overcoming this disease. Diabetics are not alone, the American Diabetes Association provides planning meals, awareness programs, food recipes, the understanding of carbohydrates and many more supportive plans. In order to obtain a healthy lifestyle with no complications of any type of disease, it is important to dedicate at least an hour a day to physical activity. The famous writer Lieberman once said, “There’s no medicine that’s more important than exercise. Analyzes have shown, exercising is one of the most important medicines for the diabetic soul, keeping sugar and blood levels at a normal rate. In addition, carefully selecting portions of food that are consume daily. The disease itself is killing many different individuals despite economic statuses. Those who have the education and means usually take it for granted, when people in lower income countries inquire the access to reliable resources. Type II Diabetes impacts negatively on many facets of global development and economic sustainability. So it is crucial that this disease is be put in the forefront so that the global burden of Type II Diabetes be
To investigate blood glucose concentrations following food input. This was done by analysing blood glucose concentration data from individuals ingesting various types of food following several hours of fasting. To also examine glucose tolerance test in a clinical context and to further explain glucose concentrations in the body.
Assessing the target population by detecting glucose abnormalities by measuring HbA1c can significantly benefit individuals from primary prevention through risk factor modification and may impact those undiagnosed and facilitate introduction of diabetes prevention at a public level.. Due to socioeconomic disadvantages and lack of access to care, vulnerable populations such as minorities are more likely to develop diabetes. Thus, interventions which prevent the development of the disease and ensure adequate and appropriate management must be implemented to reduce the burden of T2D. Diabetes education, self-management education, and adequate access to health care are considered key factors to achieving
This set of particular tests were carried out at Manchester Metropolitan University in the Interdisciplinary Laboratory. Prior to the tests that were going to be carried out the client in question was asked to carry out a Pre-Test Medical questionnaire to assess the risks involved and to see if the client would be able to participate in the tests. The tests that were performed on the client were height, weight, haemoglobin, cholesterol, FEV1 and FVC.
gastrointestinal tract without causing symptoms. They may or may not test positive all the time, thus it is important to screen pregnant women for GBS at 35-37 weeks of pregnancy. Antibiotics are not given before the onset of labor since the bacteria can thrive again after treatment.
With obesity being the leading cause of type two diabetes, this is very worrying. In 2011/12 almost two in three adults were overweight or obese. One in 20 adults also had diabetes. (AIHW, 2016). The digital age has had a large impact on the risk of developing diabetes. With new technology being invented almost every day, the amount of physical activity people are doing is decreasing and the amount of snacking is increasing. The risk of developing type two diabetes is increased by having an unhealthy lifestyle. Some of the factors which may contribute to an unhealthy lifestyle may consist of low
Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Lindstrom, Jaana, Eriksson, Johan G., Valle, Timo T., Hamalainen, Helena, Ilanne-Parikka, Pirjo, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Laakso, Mauri, Louheranta, Anne, Rastas, Merja, Salminen, Virpi, Aunola, Sirkka, Cepaitis, Zygimantas, Moltchanov, Vladislav, Hakumaki, Martti, Mannelin, Marjo, Martikkala, Vesa, Sundvall, Jouko, Uusitupa, Matti, the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study Group. Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Changes in Lifestyle among Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance. New England Journal of Medicine. 344 (2001): 1343-1350.
This patient would be diagnosed with gestational diabetes, a type of diabetes that typically disappears after pregnancy.
C.S. is a morbidly obese 32-year-old female admitted to the hospital on 8/26/05 with an admitting diagnosis of poly-drug overdose. According to the patient, the last thing she remembers is going to bed and then waking up in the hospital 2 days later without any recollection of what had happened. She has a history of suicide twice in the past, but denies suicidal ideations this time. C.S. also has a history of Diabetes type II that is normally controlled with oral medications. She states that she checks her blood glucose at home and it has been in the 200mg/dl range for the past month. Current blood glucose is 256mg/dl. C.S. is to be discharged tomorrow with a new prescription for insulin.
Pregnant Women may qualify if severe hypoglycemic episodes are happening, if the CGMD will improve poor blood glucose levels, and if the device can provide help on managing blood glucose levels.
Monitoring Blood Glucose Levels Maintaining normal blood glucose levels greatly reduces the risk of experiencing complications due to diabetes. Whether an individual has Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, regular use of a glucose monitor to determine blood sugar levels will help determine what adjustments to diet, oral medications, or insulin injections may be necessary to achieve good control. What's Glucose?