Separation Of Benzil Lab Report

In order to isolate benzoic acid, benzocaine and 9-fluorenone, each component needed to be separated from one another. All three compounds began together in one culture tube, dissolved in methylene chloride and formed into a homogenous mixture. In this culture tube, two milliliters of aqueous three molar hydrochloric acid was added, which immediately formed two layers, the top acidic aqueous layer was clear in color and contained benzocaine, and the bottom organic formed was yellow and contained benzoic acid and 9-fluorenone. Benzocaine’s amino group is protonated by the aqueous layer hydronium. This protonation forms the conjugate acid of benzocaine, benzocaine hydrochloride. Thus, the conjugate acid, benzocaine hydrochloride is a salt in which is soluble in water and furthermore can be isolated from the organic mixture. When testing out the pH levels in benzocaine, the pH test strip was dark blue in color, indicating a pH level of around 5 to 7. When isolating benzoic acid, two milliliters of aqueous three molar sodium hydroxide was added, which deprotonates the carboxylic group in benzoic acid, forming its conjugate base, sodium benzoate. As with benzocaine hydrochloride, sodium benzoate is a water soluble ionic salt in the aqueous layer that can then be separated from the bottom organic layer containing the 9-fluorenone. The pH test strip was a vibrant red for benzoic acid, indicating a pH of 2. Now the 9-fluorenone is left, deionized water is added to remove any excess

The objective of this extraction experiment was to achieve a comprehensive understanding, as well as master the practice, of the technique of separating various individual components of a compound.

This experiment was started with a clear solution of sodium benzoate and HCl was added to it, ultimately producing benzoic acid. First, .3395 g of sodium benzoate was weighed, then it was dissolved in water, causing it to disassociate into ions. Next, 3M of HCl were added drop wise to the solution until it reached a pH of 2, thus introducing the hydronium ion. This addition caused a white, solid benzoic acid to precipitate out of the solution. A vacuum filtration system was used to separate the solid from the liquid. What was once

The hydrobenzoin (meso) product of the benzil was isolated through the techniques of recrystallization and vacuum filtration. Because there NaBH4 was the limiting reagent in the experiment, 0.005604moles of NaBH4 should yield 1.2008g of hydrobenzoin (meso). The mass of the isolated product was 0.613g, resulting in a 51.1% yield. There are many reasons to account for the loss of 48.9% of

This experiment combined all the knowledge of the previous labs performed throughout the semester. An unknown mixture containing an organic acid or base and an organic neutral compound in nearly equal amounts needs to be separated to its separate components. An understanding of solubility, extraction, crystallization and vacuum filtration is necessary in order to

As the acid was being added, the mixture was being stirred over a stir plate. Once completed, the reaction mixture was poured from the round bottom flask into a 500 mL separatory funnel and its top (organic) layer was extracted into another beaker. The bottom (aqueous) layer was placed back into the funnel and extracted twice with 50.0 mL of ethyl ether each. The newly extracted layers were combined and dried over magnesium sulfate (MgSO4). The dried solution was the decanted into a beaker to remove the MgSO4 salts and the product solution was collected via Buchner vacuum filtration. The resulting product was transferred into an Erlenmeyer flask with an inverted beaker on top and stored in a drawer.

After the initial mixture has refluxed, 9.11 grams of benzophenone was dissolved in 100 mL of anhydrous ether in a beaker and was then transferred into the separatory on the reflux apparatus. This solution was then added to the Grignard reagent at a drop wise rate while stirring. After the benzophenone was added, the mixture was then refluxed for 15 minutes on a heating mantle.

3> Mixtures can be separated into these components by using physical methods like, decantation, distillation, evaporation, crystallization, sublimation, and filtration.

In this lab, liquid-liquid extraction was performed to isolate a mixture of benzocaine and benzoic acid. 2.0107 grams of the mixture was first weighed out for the trials. When HCl was added to the mixture for the first acid extraction of benzocaine, an emulsion formed during inversion and venting that prevented a defined separation of the two layers. 8 mL of water was therefore added before continuing the extraction. The addition of NaOH then turned the top aqueous layer basic, indicated by the pH strips that turned blue when tested. A vacuum filtration isolated 0.29 grams of benzocaine and a MelTemp apparatus measured the crystal’s melting point ranges to be 85.1C-87.4C. For the base extraction of benzoic acid, the aqueous layers were retrieved

The purpose of this experiment was to use solvent extraction techniques in order to separate a mixture consisting of a carboxylic acid (p-toulic acid), a phenol (p-tert-butylphenol), and a neutral compound (acetanilide). Extraction is the process of selectively dissolving one or more of the compounds of a mixture into an appropriate solvent, the solution that contains these dissolved compounds is called an extract (Manion, 2004).

Alterations: After mixing the benzoic acid, p- dichlorobenzene, and m- nitroaniline with the diethyl ether inside the separatory funnel it resulted a yellowish color with a strong odor that makes you dizzy. Preparing an hydrochloric acid solution and mixing it with the mixture of diethyl ether and there three compound creates a layer in the separatory funnel. Shaking it and releasing the gas to mix the compound very well, but too much shake trap the bubbles in the center layer that separate the organic layer and aqeuous layer. It will take time to disappear the bubbles, so by shaking it slowly will avoid the forming of bubbles. The aqeuous layer formed a very light- yellow color and a “gello” like material and settled in the bottom of the separatory funnel, while the organic layer remain in the top. Draining the bottom which is the aqeuous layer and saving it later for the extraction of benzoic acid. Adding hydrochloric acid gave us a crystal white color in appearance with a purple color of litmus paper and ph level of 0.3, indicating an acidic solution and allowing it to precipitate. Pre- weighing the filter paper resulted a 0.31 g and after vacuum filtration and allowing it to dry, the filter paper with the compound weigh

In this experiment, 0.31 g (2.87 mmol) of 2-methylphenol was suspended in a 10 mL Erlenmeyer flask along with 1 mL of water and a stir bar. The flask was clamped onto a hotplate/stirrer and turned on so that the stir bar would turn freely. Based on the amount of 2-methylphenol, 0.957 mL (0.00287 mmol) NaOH was calculated and collected in a syringe. The NaOH was then added to the 2-methylphenol solution and allowed to mix completely. In another 10 mL Erlenmeyer flask, 0.34 g (2.92 mmol) of sodium chloroacetate was calculated based on the amount of 2-methylphenol and placed into the flask along with 1 mL of water. The sodium chloroacetate solution was mixed until dissolved. The sodium chloroacetate solution was poured into the 2-methylphenol and NaOH solution after it was fully dissolved using a microscale funnel.

In this experiment were used three separation techniques: extraction, sublimation and recrystallization. During the first method, 0.70 g sample of salicylic acid-naphthalene mixture was dissolved in 10 ml of diethyl ether. The solution was placed in a separatory funnel and 10 ml of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was added to it. After the initial gas was

The purpose of this experiment is to observe how chromatography can be used to separate mixtures of chemical substances. Chromatography serves mainly as a tool for

To learn about the separation techniques that are based on the chemical properties of a substance. Observe the separation of the mixtures and their component substances. Learning how to compute the percentage a component makes up of the overall mix. The mixture contains iron filling, sand, benzoic acid, and table salt. From the visual observation of the mixture, it looks like it has a large amount of benzoic acid crystals compared to the others.